Published Paper Details:

Migration is more than the physical act of moving from one place to another; it often represents a profound transformation of identity, selfhood, and belonging. For women, this experience is deeply gendered--shaped by patriarchal expectations, socio-cultural constraints, and the psychological toll of uprooting. Across time and geography, female migrants have had to navigate the double bind of displacement and gender oppression, where the promise of freedom or survival often comes at the cost of emotional and bodily autonomy. In literature, the female migrant's story is frequently a narrative of rupture, resilience, and reinvention. This is particularly evident in Amrita Pritam's Pinjar, Bharati Mukherjee's Jasmine, and Angie Cruz's Dominicana--three novels that portray women at the intersection of migration, violence, and identity. These protagonists do not simply move across borders; they are shaped, broken, and remade by them. Their journeys highlight how migration can be both a trauma and a site of potential empowerment, revealing the complex interplay between personal agency and historical force.