Published Paper Details:

Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies permit to build up products with high level of geometrical complex shape and personalized as unique product by implying low cost and quick time production compared with other manufacturing processes. There is an increasing need for custom-made products in the medical sector. 3D printing plays a crucial role in personalization of medical products, evolving from "mass production" to "mass individualization". Additive manufacturing has a wide range of medical applications, and is extremely important to reconstructive surgery. 3D printing is widely used for the development of products ranging from dental implants to heart valves and joint replacements. AM creates accurate three dimensional models, which will help the surgeons for understanding the anatomy of individual patients. It also help for training purpose for the medical institutions, cardio training. The role of 4D printing is also emerging for precisely manufacturing the heart model. 4D printing technology has the potential to manufacture a specific part or customized model of artificial hearts. This innovation can solve this long term problem and opens a new path for heart patients. Heart model printed by 4D technology can also grow with the passage of time and change of temperature.in future 4D printing technology will be also used in printing livers, kidney by using smart materials with perfect fitting and genetically matching.