Abstract
ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem
"A descriptive study on perceived stress and resilience among primigravida women
residing in selected rural areas of Udupi district, Karnataka."
Objectives
The objectives of the study are:
1. to assess the perceived level of stress among primigravida women.
2. to determine the perceived level of resilience among primigravida women.
3. to find the association between the perceived level of stress score among
primigravida women and their selected demographic variables.
4. to find out the association between the perceived level of resilience score among
primigravida women and their selected demographic variables.
5. to find the relationship between the perceived level of stress and perceived level of
resilience among primigravida women.
Hypothesis:
1. H01: There will be no significant association between the perceived level of stress
score among primigravida women and selected demographic variables.
2. H02: There will be no significant association between the perceived level of resilience
score among primigravida women and selected demographic variables.
3. H03: There will be no significant relationship between the perceived level of stress and
the perceived level of resilience among primigravida women.
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Methods
Descriptive survey research design with a descriptive survey approach was used to
assess theto identifying the perceived stress and resilience among primigravida women
residing in selected rural areas of Udupi district, Karnataka. In the view of nature of the
problem and accomplishing the objectives of the study, a structured perceived stress scale
standardized by the Connor-Davidson resilience scale was prepared to assess the stress and
resilience among primigravida women. The reliability of the tool was tested and validity was
ensured in consultation with guides and experts in the field of Nursing and Medicine. The
study was conducted inKamath Nursing Home and Lalith Hospital, Udupi district.
120primigravida women were selected by purposive sampling technique. A structured
perceived stress scale and a standardized Connor-Davidson resilience scale were used to
collect the data. Collected data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results
Among the 120 primigravida women, the majority of the primigravidawomen 65
(54%) were in the age group of (24 to 29) years. All of the primigravida women120
(100%)were married. The maximum percentage of the primigravida women 78(65%) belong
to the Hindu religion. The majority 49 (42%) of the primigravida women were educated up to
higher secondary school. With regards to the primigravida women's occupation status73
(61%) were unemployed. Most of 65 (54%) of the primigravida women's husband
educational status were diploma. It was observed that the primigravida women's occupation
status of husbands 48 (40%) were semi-skilled workers. The majority of the primigravida
women 61(51%) resided in urban areas. Regarding the primigravida women type of family 97
(81%) belonged to the nuclear family the highest percentage of primigravida women 55
(46%) had a monthly income below Rs.10000/-.A maximum of 67 (56%) status of pregnancy
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was planned and 51 (42%) of them were below 20 weeks of period of gestation. A maximum
of 23(19%) had gestational diabetes mellitus. The majority 82 (68%) primigravida women
perceived adequate social support. None of them had a habit of smoking, but 11 (9%) had a
habit of consuming alcohol occasionally. The majority of 108 (90%) primigravida women did
not have physical and psychological trauma. None of them had suicidal ideas or attempts.
Maximum 101(84%) did not have marital conflict and about 97 (81%) did not have any
history of family conflict.
The data reveals that three-fourths (74%) of primigravida women exhibited low
perceived stress whereas (23%) indicated moderate perceived stress and (3%) high perceived
stress.
The data revealed that (64%) of primigravida women exhibited high perceived
resilience whereas (21%) indicated a normal perceived resilience and (15%) low perceived
resilience.
The selected variables such as age (x2=1.5873, p=0.452), religion (x2=2.4007,
p=0.301), education (x2=2.686, p=0.6115), occupation (x2=1.1574, p=0.7632), educational
status of husband (x2=1.8854, p=0.7568), occupation of husband (x2=1.8331, p=0.6077),
area of residence (x2=0.449, p=0.502), type of family (x2=2.998, p=0.223), family income
(x2=1.8219, p=0.6101), status of pregnancy (x2=0.0283, p=0.8664), period of gestation
(x2=3.7868, p=0.1505) and social support (x2=1.1174, p=0.2904), do not have a statistically
significant association with perceived stress. Hence, the null hypothesis is accepted for all
the variables and the research hypothesis is rejected. Therefore, it is interpreted that the
perceived level of stress and demographic variables are independent of each other.
The selected variables such as age (x2=3.3682, p=0.18561), religion (x2=1.0227,
p=0.5996), education (x2=1.003, p=0.9092), occupation (x2=1.8499, p=0.6041), educational
status of husband (x2=8.239, p=0.0832), occupation of husband (x2=1.5992, p=0.6595), area
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of residence (x2=1.553, p=0.2123), type of family (x2=0.1064, p=0.9481), family income
(x2=1.6238, p=0.6540), status of pregnancy (x2=0.0221, p=0.8818), period of gestation
(x2=2.8946, p=0.2352) and social support (x2=0.1071, p=0.7434), do not have a statistically
significant association with perceived resilience. Hence, the null hypothesis is accepted for all
the variables and the research hypothesis is rejected. Therefore, it is interpreted that the
perceived level of resilience and demographic variables are independent of each other.
The computed value of the Pearson Correlation Coefficient test for the relationship
between the perceived level of stress and perceived level of resilience among primigravida
women, do not have a statistically significant correlation. Hence, the null hypothesis is
accepted the research hypothesis is rejected and it is inferred that there is no significant
relationship between perceived level of stress and perceived level of resilience among
primigravida women.
Interpretation and conclusion
This study concludes that there was low perceived stress and high perceived resilience
among primigravida women. The demographic variables of primigravida women did not have
any significant association between perceived stress and resilience. The correlation between
the perceived level of stress resilience among primigravida women does not have a
significant correlation.