Published Paper Details:

Abstract: The toxic effects of chemical factors i.e., pesticides exposure of farmers is a continuous health concern worldwide especially in regions of intensive agriculture. This impact deciphered the type of pesticides and its effects on farmers' health based on exposure levels in detail to the research world. In this process of mitigating the adverse effects of farmers health the geographical factors that include climate, land use, rural health infrastructure access, topography & altitude, proximity to water bodies, crop type, regional practices influencing the farmers health were given less priority in most of the regional health investigation studies and not documented properly on a regional global scale. To cover the spatial determinants influencing health outcomes internationally a literature review synthesizing the research of a span of past 25 years is performed. 45 peer reviewed unique research studies were selected and analysed. The outcome of the findings are regions of high temperature, slope gradient, monoculture farming, poor healthcare mobility, nearness to contaminated water bodies are under higher influence of both exposure levels and chronic health effects across the world. It proves the need for geographical dimensions by Geographical Information Systems (GIS) modeling in advocating regional specific policies that address spatial health problems in relation to pesticide exposure.