Published Paper Details:

Physicochemical parameters are critical indicators for assessing water quality and play a key role in determining the suitability of water for various uses, such as drinking, agriculture, industry, and recreation. These parameters encompass both physical properties (e.g., temperature, turbidity) and chemical characteristics (e.g., pH, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, and heavy metals). Regular monitoring of these parameters is essential to detect pollution, ensure safe water for human consumption, and protect aquatic ecosystems. Parameters like pH and temperature influence the solubility of gases and the metabolic rates of aquatic organisms, while dissolved oxygen (DO) levels are vital for respiration in aquatic life. The presence of excess nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates can lead to eutrophication, causing harmful algal blooms that deplete oxygen and degrade water quality. Additionally, the concentration of heavy metals, such as mercury and lead, poses significant risks to both aquatic organisms and human health. Other parameters like electrical conductivity (EC), hardness, and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) provide valuable information on the ionic strength, organic content, and overall health of the water. By continuously monitoring these physicochemical parameters, we can effectively manage water resources, identify pollution sources, and implement strategies to safeguard water quality and ecosystem health. This review emphasizes the importance of physicochemical analysis in water quality management, highlighting its role in mitigating environmental pollution and ensuring sustainable water usage.