Published Paper Details:

Turmeric (Curcuma longa), a widely cultivated medicinal crop, is highly susceptible to fungal infections that impact its yield and quality. This study aimed to isolate and characterize pathogenic fungi from infected turmeric rhizomes and leaves collected across nine talukas in the Parbhani district. Morphological and microscopic identification revealed ten fungal species: Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Colletotrichum curcumae, Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani. The hydrolytic enzyme activity of the fungal isolates was assessed to evaluate their pathogenic potential. Cellulase and protease activity were quantified using spectrophotometric assays, revealing significant enzymatic variability among species. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Colletotrichum capsici, and Pythium aphanidermatum exhibited the highest cellulase and protease activities, suggesting a strong capacity for tissue degradation and pathogenicity. Fusarium solani, Fusarium proliferatum, and Rhizoctonia solani also demonstrated considerable enzymatic activity, further supporting their role in host tissue colonization. In contrast, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger exhibited lower enzyme activity, indicating the possibility of alternative pathogenic mechanisms. The results highlight the role of hydrolytic enzymes in fungal virulence, contributing to turmeric crop deterioration. Understanding these enzymatic capabilities can aid in developing targeted disease management strategies. This study provides essential knowledge into the pathogenic behaviour of fungal isolates, offering a foundation for future research on biocontrol approaches and resistant cultivar development to mitigate turmeric diseases.