Published Paper Details:

Accurate colour reproduction in print media is critically influenced by the physical properties of the substrate, yet traditional colour appearance models (CAMs) often overlook these effects. This study investigates how four common paper substrates--glossy, matte, coated, and uncoated--modulate perceived colour attributes such as chroma, lightness, and overall visual quality. Using a multifaceted methodology combining spectrophotometric measurement, psychophysical evaluation, and spatial fidelity analysis, we quantify the perceptual impact of substrate characteristics on printed colour. Empirical results reveal significant perceptual and statistical differences among substrates, with glossy and coated papers producing higher visual clarity and colour fidelity. Modifications to the CIECAM02 model incorporating substrate-specific parameters led to substantial improvements in predictive accuracy, reducing mean absolute error (MAE) by over 60% across all media. The study also introduces the concept of perceptual resilience--the ability of a substrate to maintain colour consistency under varying illumination--highlighting its potential for colour-critical applications. These findings suggest that integrating material-aware parameters into CAMs enhances their real-world reliability and positions the research within the broader imperative of sustainable, high-fidelity print production.