Published Paper Details:

Medicinal plants, which continue to be an essential source of bioactive compounds for modern therapeutic applications, have been a major component of traditional medical systems around the world. In order to verify traditional claims, identify new therapeutic possibilities, and ensure the effectiveness, safety, and quality of herbal remedies, the pharmacological evaluation of these botanicals is crucial. Given the growing interest in plant-based medications worldwide, there is an urgent need for scientifically sound methods that incorporate in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo processes to evaluate the pharmacological activity of herbal extracts and their constituents. Specifically, this research focusses on the systematic approaches used in the pharmacological evaluation of medicinal plants in the context of Herbal Drug Technology (HDT). Hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties are among the biological activities that are evaluated using a variety of models. The review also emphasises the importance of standardisation, quality control, and regulatory norms to ensure the safety and repeatability of plant-based formulations. Recent advances in experimental pharmacology, bioassay-guided fractionation, and molecular docking have greatly enhanced the scientific validation of ethnopharmacological claims. The paper's conclusion highlights the challenges and future directions in combining traditional herbal knowledge with modern pharmacological research to produce safe and effective phytomedicines.