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The economic decline of France in the 18th century was intricately tied to its aggressive military expenditures, which severely strained the state's finances and laid the groundwork for revolutionary upheaval. Major conflicts such as the war of the Spanish succession (1701-1714), the war of the Austrian succession (1740-1748), the seven years' war (1756-1763), and the American war of independence (1775-1783) cumulatively contributed to an alarming rise in public debt, estimated to have reached 4 billion livres by 1789, which would approximate EUR100 billion in contemporary economic terms. This fiscal crisis was exacerbated by a regressive tax system that exempted the clergy and nobility while overwhelmingly burdening the peasantry and urban poor. Despite the efforts of reformist finance ministers such as Turgot, Necker, and Calonne, attempts at restructuring state finances were systematically blocked by entrenched aristocratic interests. The objective of this study is to investigate the causal connection between war-induced debt, socio-economic instability, and revolutionary sentiment in late 18th-century France. Using a qualitative methodology to historical research, the paper examines primary financial documents, official records, and secondary scholarly analyses. The study focuses on six important questions concerning fiscal mismanagement, unequal taxation based on social class, the reasons behind the failure of reform efforts, and the influence of military funding in sparking revolutionary transformations. The results indicate that the downfall of the French monarchy was not solely due to poor financial management, but rather a consequence of continuous military overextension, feudal privileges, and resistance to economic progress within the institutions. By anchoring the discussion within the broader frameworks of fiscal sociology, political economy, and revolutionary theory, this paper concludes that the revolution of 1789 was fundamentally precipitated by an unsustainable fiscal regime shaped by war, privilege, and failed reform. This case also provides a broader perspective on how unresolved financial crises in autocratic systems can serve as catalysts for political revolution and systemic transformation.