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This paper investigates how the European Union evolves its position in global governance along with its expanding control in economic policies and political relations and security management. The EU operates as a distinct supranational body which exercises substantial power through its creation of regulations as well as its diplomatic initiatives and business trade systems. The research investigates how EU foreign policy develops through institutional mechanisms between the European Commission and European Parliament alongside the European Council. The paper dedicates significant attention to analyze how the EU influences trade at the global level and manages climate change and peacekeeping measures. Through multilateralism the EU demonstrates its status as a political leader while utilizing economic power together with normative influence to construct international agreements between nations and organizations. The analysis covers the EU involvement in international security operations that includes its work for crisis management activities along with peacekeeping roles and counterterrorism efforts. Because of its extensive worldwide power, the EU continues to confront internal and external difficulties. Historical events like Brexit along with nationalistic trends and social and economic differences between member nations join with geopolitical tensions against countries like the United States, China and Russia regarding international coordination power of the EU. Foreign policy operations of the EU face difficulties due to the complex processes needed to reach agreement among its 27 member states. The research terminating statement points out that the EU continues being fundamental in international matters yet its worldwide impact requires developing national unity combined with better institutional operations and planetary geopolitical developments. Continuous reforms coupled with strategic partnerships will guarantee the EU's position as a major governing authority on the world stage.