Published Paper Details:

The rising importance of non-state actors (NSAs) in global politics has changed the way we think about traditional state-focused views. These groups, which include multinational corporations (MNCs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), terrorist organizations, and transnational advocacy networks, have a strong impact on diplomatic talks, information battles, and resolving conflicts. NSAs participate in diplomacy through Track II negotiations, lobbying, and forming economic partnerships that influence international policies. They also use propaganda, especially through digital platforms, to gather support, share ideas, and challenge government messages. Moreover, NSAs play a role in conflicts by either causing violence or helping to mediate peace agreements. Their growing power brings both chances and challenges; they can help with humanitarian aid and global governance but can also increase instability and spread misinformation. This paper looks at how NSAs operate, offering theoretical insights and case studies to show their effects on global politics. Understanding these changing roles is important for policymakers and researchers to effectively address today's geopolitical issues. The study emphasizes the need for flexible international frameworks to handle the complex interactions between state and non-state actors in today's world.