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International Humanitarian Law often termed as the law of war or law of armed conflict it constitutes a vital branch of public international law. it regulates the conduct of hostilities and seeks to limit the adverse effects of warfare, primarily by safeguarding individuals not participating in the conflict and by restricting the means and methods of warfare Rooted in ancient customs, religious teachings and ethical military principles, Furthermore, IHL has evolved significantly through treaties, conventions and customary international law. However, the historical milestones such as the Lieber code (1863), which emphasized military necessity humanity, and chivalry, laid foundational principles that later influenced the Hague convention and Geneva conventions. The modern structure of IHL was catalyzed by the humanitarian efforts of Henry Dunant following the Battle of Solferino in 1859, leading to the creation of the International Committee of the Red Cross and the first Geneva Convention in 1864. Furthermore, IHL is primarily divided into two branches the geneva law, which protect victims of armed conflict, and the Hague law, which governs the means and methods of warfare. Its sources include both the treaty law and customary international law the latter formed through consistent state practice accompanied by a belief in legal obligation (opinion juris). however, the identification of customary norms relies on a two-element approach: General practice and its legal acceptance. this framework ensures adaptability and coherence across different legal systems and conflicts scenarios. By imposing legal obligation and humanitarian standards. IHL serves an important role to securing the dignity of the human being during war and promoting accountability among the countries.