Published Paper Details:

The incorporation of the Best Interest Theory in health law serves as a foundational principle for decision-making involving individuals who lack capacity, such as minors and incapacitated adults. This paper explores the ethical and legal dimensions of the theory, examining its application in healthcare settings, including end-of-life care, pediatric treatment, and public health interventions. Through a doctrinal and qualitative methodology, the study analyzes statutory frameworks like the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (UK) and the Patient Self-Determination Act 1991 (US), alongside landmark judicial pronouncements. The research highlights the inherent subjectivity in defining "best interests," conflicts between autonomy and paternalism, and disputes among healthcare providers, families, and legal authorities. Recommendations include standardized guidelines, interdisciplinary ethics committees, and enhanced training for healthcare professionals to ensure equitable and compassionate decision-making. The paper underscores the need for a balanced approach that respects patient dignity while navigating complex ethical and legal challenges.