Published Paper Details:

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, which was originally described by Stein and Leventhal, is complex, multifactorial and polygenic manifestation. Globally around 11-13% of women are battling with this condition. It mainly hampers the reproductive health of women leading infertility. Since 1990, many clinical and biochemical criteria and guidelines has been established for the diagnosis of PCOS. Multiple theories and metabolic pathways are introduced while understanding its pathophysiology. It comprises of hyperandrogenism, anovulation, multiple immature follicles. Dysregulation of genes and upregulation of enzymes in androgen synthesis also contribute to this endocrine disorder. It is often associated with Insulin resistance, obesity, and genetic factors. Chronicity of the disease may lead to cardiovascular diseases, diabetes type 2, endometrial cancer. Exact etiology remains unclear but environmental, genetic, lifestyle modifications are thought contribute to its development. Treatment includes hormonal therapies i.e. Combined oral pills, bigunides, fertility medications i.e. Ovulation inductors, aromatase inhibitors and surgical interventions. Beside lifestyle modification and weight management, understanding of Insulin resistance is a crucial key in its treatment. Early diagnosis and management can help to improve quality of reproductive health. In this review article all the guidelines, etiology, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, investigations, short and long term consequences and management have been detailed. Further research is needed to understand its underlying cause and effective prevention and treatment strategies. A multidisciplinary approach, involving researchers, patients and healthcare provider is essential for improving outcomes and reproductive health. Additional, awareness should be increased in order to reduce stigma and improve diagnosis