Published Paper Details:

Coastal regions around the world display diverse livelihood patterns formed by their unique environmental, economic, and social contexts. Coastal livelihoods are typically characterized by a bring together of marine and terrestrial activities. Fishing remains a keystone, with artisanal and commercial fisheries providing essential food sources and income. Aquaculture is increasingly prominent, offering a sustainable alternative to overexploited marine stocks. Agriculture, particularly in fertile coastal plains, complements marine activities with the cultivation of crops like rice, vegetables, and fruits. Tourism also plays a significant role, with many coastal regions leveraging their natural beauty and cultural heritage to attract visitors. This sector supports local economies through hospitality, recreational activities, and related services. . The livelihoods of coastal communities are increasingly challenged by environmental issues such as climate change, coastal erosion, and sea-level rise. Adaptation strategies, including the development of resilient infrastructure and sustainable resource management practices, are crucial for maintaining these livelihoods. This abstract provides an overview of the primary livelihood strategies employed by communities in these areas, highlighting the interplay between natural resources and human activities.