Published Paper Details:

Evolution of computers has seen significant reduction in size and enhancement in computational capabilities. However, these advancements still face limitations in terms of scalability, processing speed, energy consumption, parallel operations and dealing with cryptography. Quantum computing, first proposed in the 1980s, leveraging quantum mechanics is bringing about phenomenal enhancements in computational capabilities. Basic information processing unit in quantum computing i.e. qubit has inherent properties of superposition, entanglement and interference. This allows parallel processing of large and complex datasets. Various techniques for qubit implementation are superconducting qubits, trapped ions, neutral atoms, spin qubits, photonic qubits and topological qubits. However, superconducting qubits, being scalable and fast, are found to be most suitable. Quantum computing has the potential to significantly impact various fields such as cryptography, materials science, drug discovery, engineering, finance, logistics, AI, and climate modelling. Progress in this field is facing challenges of decoherence, requirement of extremely low temperatures and development of appropriate algorithms. In addition, significant enhancement in processing power of quantum computers is raising concerns about cybersecurity threatening classical encryption techniques which safeguard critical sectors. Despite the existing challenges, world renowned companies such as Mercedes Benz, Exxon Mobil, CERN, Mitsubishi, BMW, Hyundai and Rolls Royce are extensively involved in exploring the usage of quantum applications towards designing of batteries, finding fuel efficient routes, study of universe, automation of automobiles and advancement in metallurgy. China has been the leader in both funding and number of patents to its name. Coupled with the potential of AI, quantum computing is going to change the world and bring in a completely new era.