Published Paper Details:

Significant depletion in the protein content was noted in red mud waste extract exposed fish brain tissue, when compared to control fish brain tissues. The protein content in liver and muscle tissues of red mud waste extract exposed fishes decreased compared to control fish tissues. The percent decrease of protein content increased with the increase in exposure period and maximum depletion was noted after 28d exposure. It was observed that the exposed brain tissue was least affected compared to liver and muscle tissues of the exposed fish compared to control. The liver tissue was affected most during exposure period compared to muscle. But after 28d of recovery, surprisingly, it was observed that the muscle tissue was more affected compared to other tissues. Brain and muscle tissues could recover insignificantly but the liver tissues were more damaged and the affected tissues could not recover during recovery period. Significant variation in free amino acid content of the tissues of exposed fish brain, Liver and muscle was noted when compared to control fish tissues. The figure indicated significant variation in free amino acid content in the tissues of exposed fish liver tissues, when compared to control fish liver tissues. The brain tissue was least affected than liver and muscle tissues. The data indicates no significant recovery was noted in all the tested fish tissues compared to control fish tissues. The biochemical tests conducted on the exposed fish indicated the interference of the lechate waste on fish tissues. The depletion in DNA & RNA content can be related to cell death. At this stage, we can't infer that the toxicant interfered in DNA synthesis. The decrease in RNA content in exposed fish tissues might be due toxicant interference in protein synthesis mechanism. This view needs further studies. The decrease in protein content might be due to proteolysis or non assemblage of FAA to form proteins. This needs further studies. The decrease in FAA content in exposed fish tissues might be due to non production / synthesis of amino acids. The break down of protein leading to production of FAA was ruled out as the FAA content increase was not marked in the exposed fish. With this work it is premature to say clearly the impact of the toxicant on the biochemical metabolism of the fish. In future molecular level studies can be conducted.