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ABSTRACT T. S. Eliot's The Waste Land (1922) stands as a cornerstone of modernist literature, embodying the movement's departure from traditional forms to reflect the fragmented reality of the early 20th century. The poem's complex interplay of cultural, literary, and religious references mirrors the disarray of post-World War I society. A subtle yet significant influence on Eliot's work is the Upanishads, ancient Hindu texts that delve into existential themes of reality, self, and the divine. Although not directly cited, the Upanishads' exploration of spiritual desolation and the quest for enlightenment permeates Eliot's depiction of a fractured world seeking redemption. The motifs in The Waste Land, such as the Fisher King and the use of water imagery, echo the Upanishadic themes of spiritual barrenness, renewal, and the pursuit of transcendent truth. Eliot's fragmented narrative and diverse religious symbols suggest a deep engagement with Eastern philosophies, revealing a dialogue between modern disillusionment and ancient spiritual wisdom. This analysis underscores how Eliot integrates Upanishadic elements to enrich his modernist concerns, offering a profound commentary on spiritual decay and the potential for renewal amidst chaos.