Published Paper Details:

Abbreviations: Environment Protection Act 1986: EPA, Judicial activism: JA, Supreme Court: S.C, Environmental: Environmtl, Public Interest Litigation: PIL, Article: art. Abstract: JA, especially in the realm of Environmtl law, has become an essential tool for protecting Environmtl interests when legislative or executive actions may not suffice. This paper examines how JA, through the lens of the Indian Constitution, has significantly contributed to the enforcement of the EPA of 1986, fostering sustainable development also promoting Environmtl justice. EPA was formed to develop a solid regulatory framework for safeguarding the environment, yet its implementation has often been hindered by government inaction and violations by industries. Judicial intervention has frequently been required to address these shortcomings, with courts stepping in as defenders of Environmtl rights. The judiciary has broadened the interpretation of constitutional rights, particularly Art. 21 of the Indian Constitution, which guarantees the right to life, to encompass the right to a clean and healthy environment. Landmark decisions by the S.C of India, such as the Vellore Citizens' Welfare Forum v. UOI and the M.C. Mehta cases, illustrate the judiciary's proactive stance in enforcing Environmtl protections. This paper offers a thorough constitutional analysis of JA in relation to the EPA's implementation, exploring how courts have interpreted both the Act and the Constitution to advance Environmtl protection. In this context, the paper identifies significant trends in judicial rulings, evaluates their influence on Environmtl jurisprudence, and considers the wider implications of these judicial actions for Environmtl governance. The conclusion suggests that while JA has been effective in certain situations, a more integrated and coordinated strategy involving legislative reform and executive dedication is essential for achieving sustainable Environmtl governance in India.