Published Paper Details:

Due to their extensive investigation over the past 20 years, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have opened up new avenues for energy research since they are more efficient, affordable, and simple to use than inorganic-based solar cells. Due to their toxicity, metal complexes in cell design and the sustainability implications of continued fast development provide the biggest problems. The dyes are taken from botanical sources, including fruits, flowers, bark, petals, roots, leaves, and beans of plants, in order to get around the issues with metal complexes. These organic dyes are widely suited for DSSC because they are nontoxic, affordable, abundant, environmentally benign, and simple to extract. Readers can gain an understanding of how different semiconductors, solvents, light-harvesting pigments, types of electrolytes, and the addition of specific polymeric or nanomaterials to counter electrodes can affect solar cell efficiency by reading this review. Additionally, the effects that other researchers have documented on solar cell parameters, such the efficiency of DSSC, are critically studied in relation to methodology, processing temperature, and pH of the medium during synthesis.