Published Paper Details:

Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra. The death of dopaminergic neurons causes primary motor symptoms and other complications. In this review, we highlight several risk factors that appear to play a role including genes, environmental triggers, mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, impairment of protein degradation pathways, aggregation of misfolded proteins, some lifestyle factors and we have also focused on how COVID-19 has changed the lifestyle of PD patients during the lockdown. Approved treatments for PD such as dopamine agonist, MAO-B inhibitors, COMT inhibitors, and anticholinergics are focused on preventing worsening of symptoms along with different side effects, to counteract these limitations herein we highlight some alternative measures such as herbals, surgery, and device aided stimulations which may help to provide a better life of PD patients with improved compliance. These herbal alternates can be substitutes due to their structural diversity possing different therapeutic properties such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and others.