Published Paper Details:

The present study aimed to analyze cardiovascular endurance differences among university-level football, handball, and volleyball players of Andhra Pradesh. A total of 300 male players (100 each from football, handball, and volleyball), who had participated in inter-university tournaments during the academic year 2011-12, were randomly selected from five universities of Andhra Pradesh. Cardiovascular endurance was measured using the Cooper 12-Minute Run/Walk Test, and the results were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Scheffe's Post Hoc Test. The mean cardiovascular endurance scores were 2717.000 meters for football players, 2574.000 meters for handball players, and 2449.000 meters for volleyball players, with corresponding standard deviations of 119.600, 120.496, and 118.913 respectively. The obtained F-ratio of 125.60 exceeded the critical value of 3.03 at the 0.05 level of significance, confirming significant differences among the groups. Post Hoc analysis further revealed that football players had significantly greater endurance than both handball and volleyball players, while handball players also outperformed volleyball players. The findings highlight that football training strongly develops aerobic capacity, while handball and volleyball players may require supplementary endurance training.