Published Paper Details:

Abstract:Environmental degradation in coal mining regions remains a pressing issue in India, particularly in the Eastern Coalfields Limited (ECL) areas of West Bengal and Jharkhand. This article examines the various environmental hazards resulting from ECL's mining activities, including land degradation, air and water pollution, and threats to biodiversity. Through an in depth discussion based on credible studies and systematic field observation, the paper investigates the socio-ecological implications of open-cast and underground mining. It highlights the effects on local communities, agriculture and the atmosphere while reflecting on the role of government regulation and corporate responsibility. The article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the long-term environmental risks and proposes holistic measures for mitigation. By combining scholarly insights and critical reflection, this work emphasizes the urgency of sustainable practices in ECL regions to safeguard both nature and people.