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Kautilya's Arthashastra is an important treatise on Public Administration in Ancient India. The article is not an attempt to question the veracity of Kautilya's Arthashastra. It focuses on certain salient elements of the template of public administration inscribed in Arthashastra (KA: 15.1). Arthashastra deals with the perennial problem of "acquiring and maintaining the earth". "Thus this Shastra," writes Kautilya, " is composed as a guide to acquire and secure this world" (KA: 5.1.).In the words of Kautilya, "In the happiness of the subjects lies the happiness of the king and in what is beneficial to the subjects his own benefit. What is dear to the king is not beneficial to him, but what is dear to the subjects is beneficial to him", (Bandopadya, 1980). Kautilya's Arthashastra is one of the most comprehensive treatises ever produced on state power, its acquisition, exercise and disruption (Rangarajan,1992). Several characters of the Arthashastra render it particularly relevant to the present context. The purpose of the paper is to explore the very idea on the different indicators and contexts of good governance espoused by Kautilya during the fourth century BCE.The Mauryan government also took effective and energetic measures to relieve the distress of the people. Elaborate precautions and remedial measures were enforced during famines, floods, droughts, rat-menace, outbreak of fire, menace from serpents and wild animals and evil spirits. 30 To prevent an outbreak of fire in summer, city and village people were required to cook outside, and nvever under the roof. Every hous-holder had to keep ready ten fire-fighting implements. People who worked with fire were to live in one locality.