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EFFECT OF TIBIALIS POSTERIOR TARGETED STRENGTHENING EXERCISE IN YOUNG ADULTS WITH ACQUIRED FLAT FEET - PILOT STUDY
Authors
Arsalan Salim Shaikh,MUBARAK HABIBULLA,MUBEENA BANU.N
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Keywords
Acquired flat foot, Pes planus, Tibialis posterior, Strengthening exercises, Young adults, Musculoskeletal ultrasound, Navicular drop, Calcaneal shift angle, Medial longitudinal arch, Foot biomechanics.
Abstract
Acquired flat foot, commonly referred to as pes planus, was characterized by a partial or complete reduction of the medial longitudinal arch after skeletal maturity. The condition varied from being asymptomatic to causing pain, functional limitations, and disturbances in gait mechanics. Dysfunction of the tibialis posterior tendon was recognized as one of the most common causes of acquired flat foot in adults. The tibialis posterior muscle functioned as an important dynamic stabilizer of the medial longitudinal arch during weight-bearing activities such as walking and running. Impairment of this muscle resulted in excessive pronation, hindfoot valgus, and progressive collapse of the arch. Although orthotic management and general strengthening exercises had been widely utilized, limited evidence was available regarding the effectiveness of tibialis posterior-specific strengthening in young adults. Individuals aged 18-25 years represented a physically active population in whom exercise-based management could be particularly beneficial. A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 10 young adults aged 18-25 years who were diagnosed with acquired flat feet based on a positive Feiss line assessment. Participants were allocated into two groups consisting of 5 subjects each. Group A received tibialis posterior-specific strengthening exercises, whereas Group B performed conventional exercise programs. Both groups underwent intervention for a duration of eight weeks. Tibialis posterior muscle thickness measured using musculoskeletal ultrasound served as the primary outcome measure, while navicular drop and calcaneal shift angle were considered secondary outcomes. Both intervention protocols produced significant improvements in foot posture and arch stability among young adults with acquired flat feet. However, tibialis posterior-specific strengthening exercises resulted in greater improvements in hindfoot alignment and tibialis posterior muscle morphology when compared with conventional exercises. The findings highlighted the biomechanical importance of the tibialis posterior muscle in maintaining medial longitudinal arch integrity and controlling excessive pronation. Targeted strengthening of this muscle enhanced dynamic arch support and contributed to improved foot biomechanics. Although no significant between-group difference was observed for navicular drop, the experimental group demonstrated superior clinical improvement. Therefore, tibialis posterior-specific strengthening exercises were found to be a safe, economical, and non-invasive physiotherapy intervention for the management of acquired flat feet in young adults. Further research involving larger sample sizes and extended follow-up periods was recommended to establish long-term effectiveness.
IJCRT's Publication Details
Unique Identification Number - IJCRT2606538
Paper ID - 310691
Author type - Indian Author
Page Number(s) - e985-e996
Pubished in - Volume 14 | Issue 6 | June 2026
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) -
No Of Downloads - 62
Author Country - India, 500100, HYDERABAD, HYDERABAD, 500100, Health Science All
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Arsalan Salim Shaikh,MUBARAK HABIBULLA,MUBEENA BANU.N, "EFFECT OF TIBIALIS POSTERIOR TARGETED STRENGTHENING EXERCISE IN YOUNG ADULTS WITH ACQUIRED FLAT FEET - PILOT STUDY", International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT), ISSN:2320-2882, Volume.14, Issue 6, pp.e985-e996, June 2026, Available at :http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2606538.pdf
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