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Published Paper Details:
Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Complications, Treatment Approaches And New Drugs In Development Of Hypertension
Authors
Rankit Kumar,Kamal Kishore Maheshwari
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Keywords
Hypertension, Myocardial Infarction, Tachycardia, Cardiovascular disease, angiotensin converting enzyme
Abstract
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a chronic medical condition characterized by consistently elevated blood pressure, leading to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, stroke, kidney failure, and other life-threatening complications. It is a significant global health challenge, with widespread prevalence across various age groups and geographical regions. Hypertension affects approximately 1.13 billion people worldwide, contributing substantially to the global burden of disease. The prevalence varies by region, with higher rates observed in low- and middle-income countries due to lifestyle factors, limited access to healthcare, and aging populations. In developed countries, it remains a major public health concern, often leading to complications in adults aged 45 and above. The development of hypertension is multifactorial, with genetic, environmental, and physiological factors playing key roles. Increased peripheral vascular resistance and altered kidney function, especially the over activation of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), contribute to sustained high blood pressure. Endothelial dysfunction, sympathetic nervous system over activity, and vascular stiffness further exacerbate the condition. Hypertension is classified as primary (essential) or secondary. Primary hypertension, accounting for 90-95% of cases, arises from a combination of genetic predisposition, poor diet, lack of physical activity, and stress. Secondary hypertension results from underlying conditions such as kidney disease, endocrine disorders, or the use of certain medications. Hypertension is classified based on blood pressure readings into normal, elevated, and stages 1 and 2 hypertension. Early identification is crucial to prevent long-term complications. Regular screening through blood pressure measurement is essential for early detection. Screening guidelines focus on high-risk populations, such as those with obesity, diabetes, or a family history of hypertension. Management of hypertension involves lifestyle changes (e.g., diet, exercise) and pharmacological treatments, including diuretics, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and beta-blockers. Personalized care is key to achieving optimal control and preventing cardiovascular events.
IJCRT's Publication Details
Unique Identification Number - IJCRT25A5785
Paper ID - 288058
Author type - Indian Author
Page Number(s) - p502-p523
Pubished in - Volume 13 | Issue 5 | May 2025
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) -
No Of Downloads - 128
Author Country - India, 243001, Bareilly, Bareilly, 243001, Pharmacy All
Publisher Name - IJPUBLICATION | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
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Rankit Kumar,Kamal Kishore Maheshwari, "Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Complications, Treatment Approaches And New Drugs In Development Of Hypertension", International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT), ISSN:2320-2882, Volume.13, Issue 5, pp.p502-p523, May 2025, Available at :http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT25A5785.pdf
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The International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) aims to explore advances in research pertaining to applied, theoretical and experimental Technological studies.
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ISSN: 2320-2882 Impact Factor: 7.97 and ISSN APPROVED Journal Starting Year (ESTD) : 2013
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ISSN: 2320-2882 Impact Factor: 7.97 and ISSN APPROVED Journal Starting Year (ESTD) : 2013
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