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The History of Crime and the Socio-Economic Background of Criminals in Colonial Sundarbans: 1770-1911
Authors
BALARAM MANDAL
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Keywords
Sundarbans, Crime, Dacoits, Robbery, Murder, Piracy, Regulations, Punishment.
Abstract
Abstract:
From a historical perspective, the concept of crime may vary depending on the individual and the region. With the beginning of colonial settlement in the Sundarbans, the definition and nature of crime in the region began to change. Since the Mughal period, the Sundarbans had suffered under the oppression of the Arakanese Maghs and Portuguese pirates, turning the region into a lawless zone known as "Mager Muluk." When the East India Company initiated the settlement of the Sundarbans for the security of trade and urban life in Calcutta, instances of piracy and banditry gradually began to decline. However, crimes such as theft, robbery, piracy, and other forms of violence were never permanently resolved from the region in any era. The Sundarbans' challenging geographical location is a significant factor behind this.
This article analyzes the origins, nature, spread, and the role of the government in controlling crime in the colonial Sundarbans (1770-1911). In 1770, Claude Russell, the Collector General of 24 Parganas, and Mr. Tilman Henkel, the judge and magistrate of Jessore, began the process of settlement in the Sundarbans. During this time, they cleared the forests of the Sundarbans and began establishing a peasant-based society. In 1911, the annulment of the Partition of Bengal restored Bengal to its former state. At the same time, the British government shifted the capital of India from Calcutta to Delhi, opening a new chapter in the history of nationalism in Bengal and India.
IJCRT's Publication Details
Unique Identification Number - IJCRT25A5460
Paper ID - 287577
Author type - Indian Author
Page Number(s) - m712-m735
Pubished in - Volume 13 | Issue 5 | May 2025
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) -
No Of Downloads - 126
Author Country - India, 743370, Gosaba, Gosaba, 743370, Arts All
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BALARAM MANDAL, "The History of Crime and the Socio-Economic Background of Criminals in Colonial Sundarbans: 1770-1911", International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT), ISSN:2320-2882, Volume.13, Issue 5, pp.m712-m735, May 2025, Available at :http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT25A5460.pdf
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