Published Paper Details:

Aim: The main aim of the current research was to evaluate the effectiveness of changing position and early ambulation on pain, fatigue and bleeding among patients undergone cardiac catheterization at selected hospital, Panipat. Methodology: Researcher had adopted true experimental design to assess the effectiveness of changing position and early ambulation on pain, fatigue and bleeding among patients undergone cardiac catheterization. Settings of the study was Dr. Prem Hospital and Ravindra Hospital - Panipat. Samples were selected through simple random sampling technique. Sample size was estimated as 60 among these 30 samples were selected in experimental group and other 30 samples were placed for control group. Tools for assessing the pain of the subjects were done through visual analogue scale (VAS), fatigue severity scale (FSS) and to assess bleeding, modified WHO bleeding assessment score were used. The pilot study was conducted in Cygnus hospital, Panipat. With 6 subjects from 19/03/2022 to 24/03/2022 to determine the study feasibility. Main data were collected from the subjects in Dr Prem hospital and Ravindra hospital. Data were collected from 02/05/2022 to 02/06/2022, among the subjects who had undergone cardiac catheterization. Followed by the pre-test assessment of pain, fatigue and haemorrhage among the subjects in both group the researcher provided positioning and early ambulation according to the protocol which was mentioned earlier under research methodology data collection procedure. Post - test was done on the day - 2 from the cardiac catheterization procedure. The collected data were analysed through SPSS by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Among subjects in experimental group, the post-test mean and standard deviation pain score was 3.97 + 0.86. in the control group, the post - test mean and standard deviation pain score was 7.73 + 0.90. the independent 't' test value was 13.59 for the degree of freedom 58. Which was significant at the 'p' value < 0.001. this shows that, there was a significant difference in pain level between the subjects in two groups. Among subjects in experimental group, the post-test mean and standard deviation fatigue score was 19.67 + 5.30. in the control group, the post - test mean and standard deviation fatigue score was 48.37 + 8.10. the independent 't' test value was 1.716 for the degree of freedom 58. Which was significant at the 'p' value < 0.001. this shows that, there was a significant difference in fatigue level between the subjects in two groups. Among subjects in experimental group, the post-test mean and standard deviation hemorrhage score was 1.57 + 0.47. in the control group, the post - test mean and standard deviation hemorrhage score was 3.23 + 0.67. the independent 't' test value was 10.79 for the degree of freedom 58. Which was significant at the 'p' value < 0.001. this shows that, there was a significant difference in hemorrhage level between the subjects in two groups. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the levels of pain, fatigue and haemorrhage after positioning and early ambulation have been reduced among the subjects in experimental group, when compared with those who were in control group. Changing patients' position accompanied by early ambulation after cardiac catheterization are associated with increasing comfort and satisfaction levels and decreasing the level of pain and fatigue without increasing the amount of bleeding and hematoma.