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Published Paper Details:
Role of micronutrient zinc in facing drought stress and germination of chickpea
Authors
Pratibha Dwivedi
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Keywords
Zn uptake, heavy metal, plants, germination, Chickpea, Cicer arietinum
Abstract
According to extensive surveys the zinc (Zn) content of soils, is generally in the range of 10-300 ppm. Certainly Zn, because of its concentration, can be considered as a trace element in soil. It occurs most frequently in the lithosphere as the mineral ZnS (sphalerite). Zn appears to be scattered throughout the mineral fraction of soils. The critical Zn level found in youngest expanded leaves for 90% maximum yield was 16 mg kg-1 dry biomass. Zn-efficient Excalibur had greater net Zn uptake rates as compared to Zn-inefficient variety but they were not different at the 6-week harvest. Zinc-deficient plants had greater net uptake rates of Cu, Mn, B, P, and K but a reduced uptake rate of Fe. It is concluded that higher seed Zn content acted similar to a starter-fertilizer effect. Despite the importance of zinc as a micronutrient for plant growth, there have been relatively few studies of the mechanism of zinc uptake. It is clear from a recent review of the literature that there is currently little agreement on how zinc crosses the plasma-lemma of plant cells. The questions which have not been satisfactorily answered are whether zinc enters via ion channels or via a divalent-cation carrier. Zinc functions as an enzyme activator in carbohydrate metabolism and protein formation. Deficiency symptoms usually appear first on relatively young leaves early in growing season. In broadleaf plants, zinc deficiency results in a shortening of internodes and a decrease in leaf size. Snap bean develops a yellowing between the leaf veins. However, it is very difficult to distinguish between zinc and manganese deficiencies in this crop.
Zn in the leaf is associated with low molecular weight complexes, storage metallo-proteins, free ions, and insoluble forms associated with the cell wall. Zn can become inactivated within the cell either by legend formation or by forming different compounds with phosphorous. High amount of zinc concentration in soil have an adverse effect on seed germination. When the concentration of Zn is too high, the permeability of the seed membrane of the seed is destroyed, the conductivity of the seed increases with the increase of zinc concentration, and the electrolyte leakage rate increases with the increase of zinc concentration. Zinc is vital for all life forms and plays a crucial role in plant defense system due to its involvement in key enzymes activity, gene regulation and protein synthesis. It also helps maintain photosynthetic activities, stabilize biological membranes, maintain CO2 concentration in mesophyll cells and repair the PSII during photo-inhibition. Zinc deficiency increases sensitivity to heat and drought stresses and may result in drastic reductions in grain yield.
IJCRT's Publication Details
Unique Identification Number - IJCRT1135084
Paper ID - 237158
Author type - Indian Author
Page Number(s) - 551-559
Pubished in - Volume 2 | Issue 4 | December 2014
DOI (Digital Object Identifier) -
No Of Downloads - 63
Author Country - India, -, -, -, -, Science and Technology
Publisher Name - IJPUBLICATION | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
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Pratibha Dwivedi, "Role of micronutrient zinc in facing drought stress and germination of chickpea", International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT), ISSN:2320-2882, Volume.2, Issue 4, pp.551-559, December 2014, Available at :http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT1135084.pdf
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