Volume 13 | Issue 9

 Abstract

Financial literacy has emerged as a vital life skill, particularly for young adults who are beginning their financial journeys in an era of rapid market changes, digital platforms, and widespread misinformation. This study investigates the influence of financial literacy on the investment decisions of young investors in Bhopal, India. Using a structured questionnaire administered to 120 respondents aged 18-30, the research analyses levels of awareness, preferred investment avenues, and risk tolerance, employing descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests to assess associations between age and investment behaviour. The findings reveal that while awareness of investment options is relatively high, actual participation remains modest. Mutual funds and fixed deposits dominate portfolios, reflecting a preference for low- to medium-risk instruments, whereas cryptocurrencies and other volatile assets attract limited interest. Although no statistically significant relationship is found between age and investment behaviour, the results suggest that financial literacy enhances confidence, diversification, and the use of digital investment tools. The study contributes to commerce literature by providing an empirical snapshot of youth investing in an Indian context and highlights the persistent gap between financial knowledge and investment action. It recommends a twin-track approach: integrating financial education into academic curricula and designing youth-centric financial products that encourage responsible participation in markets.

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Financial literacy; Investment behaviors; Risk perception; Youth; India; Commerce; Fintech

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This Research study seeks to explore the ways of traditional and digital trade channels are merging, the flexible technical innovations and breakthroughs in form of artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies are advancing, the obstacles these emergences are causing to the business enterprises, consumers, and regulatory bodies. To bridge the gap, the study attempts to connect by providing an analysis of the implications of digitalization on business, the role of revolutionary technologies and shifting of consumer preferences and the challenges faced by the merchants

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: Artificial Intelligence (Ai), Blockchain, New emerging trends in commerce, -Commerce, Digital Commerce.

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When a star dies, it becomes a gateway to the most extreme frontiers of physics. Its remnants--white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes--are not just stellar corpses, but natural laboratories that expose the limits of classical and quantum mechanics. This paper aims to (1) offer a clear, intuitive understanding of the physics behind each end state with minimal reliance on mathematics, and (2) men- tion key research and observations shaping modern astrophysical thought.

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Stars, gateways, quantum mechanics, astrophysical

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QR codes have become a widespread means for conveying URLS and other information in a quick, scannable format. However, this convenience has also created ways for cyber threats, where attackers embed malicious URLs that lead to phishing sites, malware downloads or other harmful content. This project presents a Malicious QR detection Module that uses machine learning to assess the safety of the URLs embedded within the QR codes. By extracting and analysing embedded URLs, the system classifies QR codes as either malicious or non-malicious based on learned patterns associated with cyber threats. The URL is normalized; features are extracted and vectorized such that a trained model can detect indicators of compromise and can enhance user security by warning against unsafe links before engagement.

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QR Code Security, Malicious URL Detection, Machine Learning, XGBoost, Real-time QR Scanning, Feature Extraction, TF-IDF Vectorization, URL Classification.

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This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an informational booklet on the knowledge, attitude, and prevalence of risk factors regarding breast cancer among womenaged20-50yearsinselectedcollegesinBhopal.Apre-experimental,one-group pre-test post-test design was used, and 250 women were selected through purposive sampling. The study evaluated the impact of the informational booklet in improving awareness and identified associations between knowledge levels and demographic variables. The results indicated a significant increase in knowledge after the intervention. The studyalso found associations between age at menarche and the pre- test level of knowledge. The findings emphasize the role of informational booklets in enhancing knowledge about breast cancer and suggest practical applications for nursing education and health promotion.

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Breast Cancer, Informational Booklet, Knowledge, Attitude, Risk Factors, Women, Health Education, Awareness, Pre-test, Post-test, Nursing Education

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In the 21st century, there has been a massive revolution in the educational sector with the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and the internet worldwide. The main objective of this study was to explore the perception of D.El.Ed. pupil teachers on implementation of blended learning at the elementary level with respect to their gender and locality. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among seventy D.El.Ed. pupil teachers (academic year: 2023-25) from different training colleges in the North 24 PGS district of West Bengal. The study used self-administered questionnaire (5-point Likert scale) which consist of two sections, section-A seeks socio-demographic information of the respondents and section-B covers 20 statements with 5-point likert scale [Strongly Agree (SA), Agree (A), Neutral (N), Disagree (D), and Strongly Disagree (SD)] about perception on implementation of blended learning at elementary level . Content validity of the tool was done through experts' judgment. The collected data were analyzed statistically using descriptive statistics and t-test. From this study, it was found that most of the pupil teachers have a favorable attitude towards blended learning. From the result of this study, it was also found that there was no statistically significant mean difference in perception on implementation of blended learning at the elementary level among the D.El.Ed. pupil teachers with respect to their gender and locality.

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Blended learning, Perception, Pupil teachers, Elementary level

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 Abstract

Urdu Afsana

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Afsana

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This paper explores the impact of social media on the price volatility of memecoins, a subset of cryptocurrencies known for their viral, community-driven appeal rather than fundamental utility. While previous research has primarily focused on Dogecoin and celebrity endorsements, this study expands the scope by analyzing lesser-known memecoins such as $MOTHER, $TRUMP, Keikus Maximus, and Shiba Inu. This study compares historical price data from websites like CoinGecko and Investing.com with tweets from well-known individuals like Elon Musk, Donald Trump, and Iggy Azalea. Before and after particular posts, the price movements of memecoins such $MOTHER, $TRUMP, Keikus Maximus, and Shiba Inu were monitored, and percentage changes were computed to evaluate the short-term volatility caused by social media activity. Findings reveal a strong correlation between influencer-driven social media activity and short-term price spikes, with Elon Musk emerging as the most impactful individual. The study also highlights the role of online communities and meme culture in creating price volatility through organic, collective action, independent of direct celebrity promotion. These insights underscore the speculative nature of memecoin markets and the power of digital influence in shaping financial behavior.

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Cryptocurrency

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This study explores the importance of cyber hygiene awareness and threat modelling in higher educational institutions. With increased digitalization, universities face growing cyber risks due to weak infrastructure, user unawareness, and role- specific gaps in security behaviour. Drawing insights from research papers, the review highlights that faculty often have higher cybersecurity awareness than staff, generic training is less effective, and institutions are vulnerable to threats like phishing and ransomware. The analysis also emphasizes the need for interactive, role-based training and institutional accountability. The paper concludes by recommending a tailored threat modelling framework to enhance cyber resilience in academic environments

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Cyber Hygiene, Threat modelling, Higher education, Cybersecurity Awareness, Role-Based Training

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Tenancy farming and sharecropping constitute essential yet often neglected facets of Indian agriculture. A significant portion of agriculture in Odisha is done by landless and marginal farmers via leasing or sharecropping arrangements. Despite their contribution, these farmers remain excluded from institutional loans, crop insurance, procurement systems, and welfare programs owing to the lack of permanent land titles. This article examines Odisha's tenancy policy framework and the consequences of reforms through a mixed-method approach, incorporating policy analysis, secondary data, workshop contributions, and field investigations. It juxtaposes the viewpoints of tenant farmers with changing legislative measures to underscore advancements and enduring disparities. The research analyses the 2016 Model Land Leasing Act and state measures like KALIA, BALARAM, and reforms in paddy procurement. Evidence from Ratanpur, Niali Block, Cuttack, indicates that although Odisha has implemented novel credit and welfare mechanisms, institutional impediments, especially informal tenancy and insufficient understanding of schemes, persistently hinder inclusion.

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Tenant farmers, Sharecroppers, Agricultural tenancy, Land leasing reforms, Informal leasing, Concealed tenancy, Inclusive agrarian policy, Odisha

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Like other branches of Bengali fiction, the detective story branch has shed its dull past and established itself in mainstream literature. Recently, prominent writers from other genres have also started writing in this genre. Notably, Sasthipada Chattopadhyay is widely recognized in Bengali literature as a juvenile writer. He is calm, simple, and lively. His literary work and life flow in the same direction. He gained recognition mainly through the creation of the juvenile detective story 'Pandav Goenda'. This article explores the concept behind writing 'Pandav Goenda' and its sources of inspiration. It also mentions Khirod Chandra Majumdar and English writer Enid Blyton in the magazine 'Shuktara', edited by him. Essentially, it discusses the background or source context of Sasthipada Chattopadhyay's juvenile detective story, 'Pandav Goenda'.

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Khirod Chandra Majumdar, Shuktara Magazine, Enid Blyton, Juvenile Detective Story, Pandab Goenda, Source Context, Writing Concept.

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EIGHTH-GRADE STUDENTS HAVE TROUBLE MEASURING ANGLES.

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EIGHTH-GRADE STUDENTS HAVE TROUBLE MEASURING ANGLES.

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Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common nutritional deficiency among pregnant women, particularly in India. While oral iron supplementation is a standard treatment for IDA, it can cause gastrointestinal toxicity, affecting patient compliance. This study compares the efficacy and safety of two commonly used iron supplements--ferrous sulphate and ferrous ascorbate--in pregnant women with anemia.

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Iron deficiency anemia, pregnancy, ferrous sulphate, ferrous ascorbate, hemoglobin, serum ferritin, adverse effects

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This paper examines the persistent gap between the universal promise of human rights and the lived realities of marginalized communities. Despite robust international frameworks like the UDHR, ICCPR, and ICESCR, and national constitutional guarantees, groups such as Dalits, Indigenous peoples, racial minorities, persons with disabilities, and LGBTQ+ individuals face systemic exclusion. The study analyzes the conceptual underpinnings of marginalization and the legal protections designed to counteract it, including affirmative action, specialized treaties (e.g., CEDAW, CRPD), and judicial interventions. It critically assesses the implementation gaps and structural barriers--such as casteism, racism, patriarchy, economic exclusion, and political underrepresentation--that prevent the full realization of socio-economic, civil, and political rights. The paper also explores the critical role of institutions, civil society, and the media in advocating for rights, and addresses emerging challenges like climate change, digital inequality, and algorithmic bias. Finally, it proposes a multi-pronged way forward, emphasizing strengthened law enforcement, inclusive policymaking, educational and digital empowerment, economic inclusion, and global solidarity to bridge the chasm between formal rights and substantive equality for marginalized populations.

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Human Rights, Marginalized Communities, Structural Inequality, Social Exclusion, Affirmative Action, Intersectionality, Implementation Gap, Socio-Economic Rights, Civil Society

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Abstract: The cultural identity of Scheduled Tribes (STs) in Tripura is deeply rooted in their traditions, languages, rituals, and practices. However, globalization, modernization, and inadequate representation in mainstream education systems have posed significant threats to the preservation of their unique heritage. This research paper explores the role of education in safeguarding the cultural identity of Scheduled Tribes in Tripura. It examines the challenges faced by tribal communities in maintaining their cultural heritage and proposes strategies for integrating indigenous knowledge systems into formal education. By empowering tribal youth through culturally responsive education, this paper argues that it is possible to preserve their heritage while equipping them with the tools to thrive in a rapidly changing world.

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Keywords Tripura, rignai, risa, tribal textiles, weaving, cultural identity, handloom, modernization, revival

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The present research study aims to perform a critical comparative analysis of two contemporary indian films, that is, Ek Ladki Ko Dekha Toh Aisa Laga and Badhaai Do, by focusing on the LGBTQ+ themes and characters. The comparative analysis would be used as the methodology to compare and contrast these films on the grounds of marriage of convenience, ethical and social concerns, performance of the machismo and the iteration of the performative script. Through this analysis, a nuanced understanding of the disposition of the homosexual individuals in the indian society would be attained. The knowledge gained would be transformative in nature and would deepen our understanding of how despite the legal acceptance of homosexuality in India, the social acceptance is quite far from reality.

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Performative gender script, Machismo and masculinity, Marriage of convenience, Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, Judith Butler, Cheryl Clarke, Social acceptance vs. legal acceptance, Homosexual identity in Indian society, Cultural stigma and heteronormativity, Queer representation in Bollywood, Comparative film analysis.

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Hardware accelerators for deep neural networks (DNNs) play a pivotal role in enabling low-latency inference on power-constrained edge and wearable devices. However, sustained high-performance computation in such accelerators leads to increased energy consumption, reducing their suitability for real-time mobile deployments. This paper presents a novel design of a coarse-grained DVFS-aware hardware accelerator that integrates dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) to improve energy efficiency without compromising correctness or data throughput. To reduce control complexity, the system replaces traditional ML-based DVFS predictors with a lightweight finite-state machine (FSM)-based DVFS mimic. The proposed architecture includes five core components--Global Buffer, Data Dispatcher, Processing Element (PE) Array, DVFS Mimic Controller, and Accelerator Controller--all implemented in synthesizable SystemVerilog. Simulation results confirm that the architecture dynamically adapts computation delays based on simulated V/F levels while maintaining correctness in MAC and ReLU operations. The design is modular, scalable, and well- suited for future integration with AI workloads on edge SoCs.

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Dynamic Frequency and Voltage Scaling (DVFS), Hardware Accelerator, Machine Learning, Neural Net- works.

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The Indian judicial system faces a serious problem of delay in case disposal, resulting in pendency of millions of cases across courts. The right to a speedy trial, recognized as a fundamental right under Article 21 of the Constitution of India, has often been undermined by procedural delays, backlog, and overburdened courts. To address this issue, various mechanisms under the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) and now the Bhartiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS) allow for disposal of cases without a full trial. These include plea bargaining, summary trials and compounding of offences etc. This study explores how such mechanisms align with the constitutional mandate of speedy trial while ensuring justice.

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KEY WORDS: Disposal of cases, trial, speedy trial, fair justice

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A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of urea fertilizer treated with corn or conocarpus residues on the growth and nitrogen uptake of wheat plants. Three kilograms of dry sandy loam soil were placed in plastic pots, and four nitrogen levels (0, 60, 120, and 180 kg N ha -1) were applied in the form of urea. The urea was treated using one of the following methods: mixed with conocarpus leaf powder at a rate of 3% of the dry soil weight, mixed with conocarpus root powder at a rate of 3% of the dry soil weight dissolved in an aqueous extract of corn roots at a rate of 1/4 of the field capacity, or coated with dried aqueous extract of corn roots at a ratio of 9% of the urea weight. Additionally, urea treated with a standard chemical inhibitor (PMA) was included in the treatments. Measurements of shoot dry weight, nitrogen concentration, nitrogen uptake, and nitrogen recovery were taken. The results indicated that treating urea fertilizer with water extract or coating it with corn root extract led to enhanced growth parameters compared to the PMA and control treatments. However, treating urea with leaf or root powders resulted in a decrease in plant growth parameters. Urea coated with 9% dried corn root extract produced the highest dry matter of 2.98 g pot-1 and nitrogen uptake of 66.95 mg pot-1, achieving a reduction of 50 kg N ha-1 while yielding similar results to the control and PMA treatments.

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Wheat, Corn Buildup , Conocarpus Buildup, Dry Matter ,N-Uptake

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Abstract: Aim: The study aims to find the effectiveness of Health education on prevention of behavioral problems in children among parents residing at selected urban region. Problem statement: Effect of Health education on prevention of behavioral problems in children among parents residing at selected urban region of Maharashtra. Primary objective: the primary objective of study was to find out the effectiveness of health education on prevention of behavioral problems in children among parents residing at selected urban region of Maharashtra. Secondary objective: 1. To assess the knowledge regarding prevention of behavioral problem among parents in control and experimental group before intervention. 2. To find out the effect of health education between pre-test and post-test knowledge scores on prevention of behavior problem in children among parents in control and experimental group. 3. To find out the effect of health education between post-test knowledge score on prevention of behavioral problem in children among parents in control and experimental group. 4. To find out the association between post-test knowledge score on prevention of behavioral problem in children and selected demographic variable of parents in experimental group. Method: Quasi- experimental non-equivalent control group design use for the study. It was conducted over 110 parents by using convenient sampling technique. Result: In this study the findings, it was observed that the pre-intervention demographic variable of parents was more or less similar characteristics It was Observed that the percentage of knowledge (control group; 52.3% & experimental group; 50.4%) on prevention of behavioral problems in children among parents was more or less similar before intervention. However, after an intervention, the percentage of knowwledge on prevention of behavioral problems in children was significanty incresed from 53.7% to 83.9% in experimental group where as it was almost remained unchanged in control group. These was a significant deference (p0.05) was found between knowledge on prevention of behavioral problems in children age,gender, no of children, educational status, occupation, income, type of diet. Finding of study reveled that the Health education on prevention of behavioral problems in childrenas a method of teaching was ffective among parents residing at selected urban region of Maharashtra. Interpretation and conclusion: The finding of the study, it was concluded that the pre-intervention demogrphic varibles of parents residing at selected urban region in control group and experimental groupwere more or less simillar reveling both the groups had similar characteristics. However after intervention ,the percentage of knowledge and the mean score of parents were significantly incresedin experimental group wereas it was remained unchanged in control group. There was a significat defference between pre-test and post-test knowledge scores in experimental group. And there was also a significant difference between the post-tests of control and erperimental group. Thus it was concluded thet the health education on prevention of behavioral problems in childrenas a method of teaching was effective among parents residing at selected urban region of Maharashtra.

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 Keywords

effectiveness, health education, parent, urban region

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