Volume 8 | Issue 9

 Abstract

The present study was undertaken to screen the nutritional status of selected adolescent girl as per food habit. Purposively 600 adolescent girl i.e.300 each from urban and rural area of Parbhani district of Maharashtra state was covered. Nutritional status was assessed by using anthropometric measurements viz. measurements of height (cm), weight (kg), mid- upper arm circumference (cm), waist- hip ratio and recorded measurements were compared with NCHS (1977) reference values. BMI was calculated using value of height and weight. Food intake was assessed by using 24 hours recall method for three consecutive days. Quantity of food stuff consumed by each subject was calculated by weightment method. By using food composition table of ICMR nutrient intake was calculated. Further food intake was compared with balanced diet and nutrient intake was compared with the (RDA) recommended dietary allowances for calculating the percent adequacy. The finding of study revealed that the influence of food habit as anthropometric measurement of adolescent girls no specific effect was noted in urban and rural girls with respect to height and weight. Significant difference was observed only for MUAC of urban girls. More percentage of vegetarian girls was normal and overweight also while non vegetarian girls were suffered from one or more degree of under nutrition. Mean food intake of cereals, pulses, roots and tubers, other vegetables, condiment and spices, sugar and jaggery were found to be more among non-vegetarian adolescent contrary intake of green leafy vegetable, nuts and oilseed, fruits, milk and milk products, fats and oils was recorded more among vegetarian girls. The similar trend was noted for percent adequacy of food intake for both food habits. But the consumption of food intake was below the ICMR recommendation. Significant difference was noted for intake of energy, ?- carotene, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C and zinc. However nutrient intake was found to be lower than Recommended Dietary Allowances except for fat, folic acid and vitamin C. High per cent adequacy was observed for fat followed folic acid and niacin whereas lowest per cent adequacy noted for ?-carotene and calcium Per cent adequacy for other nutrient intake was more than 59 per cent among the adolescent girls belonging to both groups.

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Screening of adolescent girls for nutritional status as per food habit

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Abstract: Educational prosperity is the identity of every country. Educational system proceeds to the way of successes, economically, politically, socially and individually. India has a great educational culture; its roots are available in ancient India. Many countries were fascinated towards the Indian educational institutes. There are many social and religious sects provided formal and informal education to people but due to discrimination on the basis of religion and caste, education did not get by the lower status community. There is inequality in the educational policies. Education is an ornament in the way of prosperity.

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Culture, Education, System

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Nationalism, constution, development, opression, econmy

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Land Use and Agriculture of Patna District Dr. Monika kumari Assistant Professor (Guest Faculty) Government Degree College, Sheohar B.R.A.B.U., Muzaffarpur, Bihar 1542.monika@gmail.com Mb. No.- 9771100883 Land is one of the most important resources which define the activities, habit and behaviour of mankind. It provides the space for human dwellings, factories, cultivation, forest, communication lines and other activities. In India, land use statistics are available in nine categories: (1) Forest (2) Land put to non-agricultural uses (3) Barren and uncultivable land (4) Pasture land (5) Orchards/ Tree crops (6) Cultivable waste (7) Fallow land (8) current Fallow land and (9) Net sown area. Agricultural importance of the study area is very significant. Production of Rice, pulses, vegetables and seasonal fruits are the most important agricultural products. The main objective of this paper to describe the land use and to analyse the salient features of agriculture of Patna district. The study is based on secondary sources of information. Secondary source of information will be collected will be collected from Books, Census Handbook, reports, journals Newspapers and websites etc. Flood prone areas are being used as wet land and here single crop is grown. All the villages have higher percentage of land in agricultural use. Suitable conditions of the land Use have influenced the net sown area of all the development blocks. Patna District is important for the development of production of rice, pulses vegetables and seasonal fruits. An agriculture condition of the Patna District is significant and favorable. Keywords: Land use, Agriculture, Production

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Keywords: Land use, Agriculture, Production

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Starting from its introduction and implementation, 3D printing has not only mesmerised the researchers but also many health professionals. The process of 3D printing is impressive and appealing but it comprises punctilious administration and selective process in order to achieve prudent and expected result. This review article gives historical information about 3D printing and their current application and future trends. Also, the importance is being given to the acknowledgement of best fit product and ways to reduce faults and misapplication. The primary benefits of 3D printing are production of lot of medicines, each with specific dosages, shapes, sizes, and release features. In the period of personalized medicine, new platform required to produce the formulations with less toxicity, and to produce required action. This technology enables a flexible process for tailored dosing and drug combinations required. This review mainly focuses on the introduction, principle involved in 3D printing and focused on its working and types of materials used in creating the 3D objects. Moreover, and specifically this review articles showcases the use of 3d printing in the field of pharmaceutics and medicinal applications.

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3D, AM, Spritam, CAD, STL, FDA, MIT, Prototyping

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HIV i.e. Human Immunodeficiency Virus has been on top for causing various deaths worldwide. Though a complete cure for HIV is not available till date, various vaccines have been invented to control the effectiveness of virus. AIDS i.e. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is the one of the deadliest diseases caused due to HIV. It infects different cells of the immune system, such as CD4+ T cells (T-helper cells), dendritic cells, and macrophages etc. AIDS affected rates and mortality rates are usually more noticeable in resource-constrained countries than in the developed countries. People die due to AIDS as it remains undetectable for a long time. Thus, a simple and accurate testing measures are required for testing AIDS so as to control its spread and mortality rates. In this paper, we study some of HIV-AIDS detection/diagnosis assays followed by their respective comparison. We also review the treatments currently available to deal with the virus.

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Point of care (POC), HIV diagnostics, antiretroviral, viral load, drug resistance, spectrophotometer and electrophoresis.

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Ethnomedical information in medicinal research has gained considerable attention. Many plant species widely used in traditional medicine to treat several disease. Medicinal plants are a very good source of active in gradients of herbal medicine and provide a safer and cost effective way to treat disease. The aims of the study is not only to prescribe remedies for skin disease in human beings but also to draw attention for the need towards a detailed study on medicinal plants, which could provide novel remedies leads for other dreadful disease. In this paper attempt has been made on ethno botanical survey in chitrakoot area for skin disease curing plant. Skin diseases are most common form of infection occurring in people of all ages. All the plants need to be evaluated through phyto and pharmacochemical investigations to discover their potentiality as drug. There is an urgent need to explore and document the ethnomedicinal plants used by the people of Chitrakoot before such valuable knowledge vanishes.

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Ethno medicine, skin disease, traditional, knowledge.

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Abstract Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the physical fitness between volleyball players and cricket players in Meerut region. Another objective of the study was to compare Physical Fitness between volleyball players and cricket players. The third objective of the study was to compare physical fitness of the players having the different sports participation at national, state, university and regional level games. Methods: The subject of this study was selected forty volleyball and cricket players who have participated in national, state, university and regional level games. Twenty players were selected from volleyball players while another twenty players were selected from cricket players. The age level of subjects ranged from18 to 22 years. All the subjects were residing at Meerut region. Necessary data were collected for agility, upper body muscle strength, abdominal strength, speed, explosive strength and endurance with the help of AAPHER youth fitness Test items such as; 6x10mtr run (Shuttle Run), Chin-ups, sit-ups, 50mtr. Dash run standing broad jump and 600mtr run. All the subjects were residing at Meerut region. To find out significant deference between volleyball and cricket player in Meerut region t-test was used and to find out significant physical fitness component of the players having different back ground of sports participation at national, university, state level and regional level Analysis of Variance was used. The level of significance was set at .05 levels. Results and Discussion: The result reveals that there was significant (p<.05) between the volleyball and cricket players in Physical fitness component (shuttle run, 50 mtr. dash, standing brood jump & 600 mtr. run) and insignificant was found between the players of volleyball and cricket in physical fitness component (chin-ups & sit-ups), compare physical fitness component among the means of national, state, university and regional level volleyball games players was found shuttle run & 600 mtr. run which is significant and value of chin-ups, sit-ups, 50 mtr. dash & standing broad jump which is insignificant and compare physical fitness component among the means of national, state, university and regional level cricket games players was found shuttle run, chin-ups, sit-ups, 50 mtr. dash & 600 mtr. run which is significant and value of standing broad jump which is insignificant at .05 level with (3, 16) = 3.24.

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Physical Fitness, Players, Volleyball, Cricket

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Human aging is a very complex process that occurs in an intricate biological and physiological setting. Many changes occur with aging and among the most important are changes in immune reactivity associated with cell differentiation stages and the phenomenon of inflammation, understood as subclinical inflammatory readiness, manifested by elevated levels of proinflammatory factors. It was stated for a long time that this tandem occurs in parallel or eventually sequentially. However, recent evidence points to the fact that, as both originate from chronic antigen stimulation, they mutually drive each other. In this context, inflammation is considered the basis of most age-related diseases (ARD). In this review concerning human inflammation, we argue that inflammatory diseases develop during whole life as a diverted (excessive) normal immune reaction to specific stressors. Thus, inflammation may not be the cause of these diseases; however, it can be the trigger of clinical manifestation of ARD. In this research I have drawn various aspect of this stage, through this researches I am going to meet people in old age home and making case studies.

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Human, Psychology, Researches

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Bihar�s physical condition is overwhelmingly suitable for better management of physical resources � land available with us is the gift of Nature. The state is fortunate enough that it is endowed with a vast, well drained and almost isotropic land with one of the richest soil covers in the world. Undoubtedly land resources form the most important natural wealth of a country and its proper utilization is a matter of utmost concern to the people of Bihar. The Utilization of the land according to its use capability ensures that this resource is utilised to the best advantage. Its improper use leads to wastage and leads to progressive deterioration and loss of productivity of this vital resources. Land under trees and groves have also witnessed positive growth rate, this may be the other reason for decline in net sown area in the state. Motivating farmers to increase productivity to protect growing population and serving their demand for food and nutritional security, we have to make such kind of strategies which may lead to enhance the income of the cultivators as well as fulfil the food demand of growing population, keeping in mind the fast changing climatic conditions all over the world and protecting wasteful and careless use of natural resources for betterment of future generation.

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Land use pattern, Net sown area, Agro climatic zone, Compound Growth Rate (CGR)

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Social Exclusion and Inclusion are evolving concepts, which not only encompass the static dimensions of poverty, deprivation and capability, but also explore and develop dynamic dimensions of innumerable processes, which cause these static conditions of exclusion with a vision to implement appropriate programmes through proper policy formulation and intervention for realizing the goal of equality in the society and prosperity for all. Even modern and evolving social system like industrial ecology have crafted institutional instrument to exclude certain groups of people, most of them have been historically marginal class. Through appropriate policy formulation and programs of inclusion, a more inclusive society is achievable.

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Gandhi Dham, Social Exclusion, Poverty, Sanitation Worker, Deprivation

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A significant number of the unpredictable practices of strengthened concrete cement under shear and flexure are yet to be recognized to utilize this material profitably and financially. The advancement in the understanding and quantitative appraisal of the conduct of part exposed to flexure and shear has been less fantastic. The key idea of shear and inclining pressure quality isn't yet obviously comprehended. Along these lines, further fundamental examination ought to be experienced to decide the component, which brings about shear disappointment of strengthened solid individuals. The investigation presents the investigation of the conduct of strengthened cement deepbeam under seismic ( vibration) stacking and the impact of shear fortification. The impact of variety of web fortification dispersing (both vertical and level) on the shear quality of profound R.C. bar is examined. The overall pattern in split Example, the heap diversion attributes and the method of disappointment of profound R.C. shaft under two-focuses stacking are additionally explored. Through the examination, it is seen that under two-focuses stacking framework, inclining splits are normally the primary breaks to be seen free range of the profound bar. In this examination we will contrast profound pillar and PT shaft in G+10 structure utilizing investigation instrument E-TABS.

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PT Beam ,Bending moment, Deflection, Shear strength , base shear , story drift

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Facial expressions are considered to be the fastest way of communication while delivering any type of information. Facial expressions play a key role in getting an understanding of the mental views of any person. With changing time, enhancement in technology is significantly increasing day by day. In neural networks, CNN is well known for carrying out image recognition and image classification tasks. To improve human-computer interaction, it is needed to build an efficient scheme for human expression recognition. In facial expression recognition, feature extraction is the first step. This is followed by the classifier which is used to classify facial expressions. This paper aims to provide an automated facial expression recognition system which can efficiently classify and recognize the facial expression. This proposed work runs on top of a convolutional neural network, image data of human facial expressions is fed to the neural network build with the help of Keras. The proposed methodology aims to build a neural network to recognize facial expressions by using the architectural properties of pre-trained CNN architectures such as VggNet and Alexnet.

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Convolutional Neural Network(CNN), Facial Expression Recognition(FER), Alexnet, VGGNet

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Cardiovascular disease or heart disease is the world�s largest cause of weariness and death. Predicting cardiac disease before hand is most important in the analysis of clinical data. A large amount of data is present in health care industry ,that data can be converted into information , with the help of that information predictions can be made. Several researchers have applied data mining technique to predict heart disease. It is very important to select appropriate set of attributes and data mining algorithm to enhance predictive accuracy. This research is done to select appropriate attributes and data mining algorithms that can enhance predictive accuracy of heart disease. Different sets of attributes and classification techniques were used to develop prediction model. K-NN, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine,Decision Tree, Na�ve Bayes, Vote(Hybrid technique with na�ve bayes and logistic regression) and Stacking(A hybrid technique with na�ve bayes, logistic regression as base learners and support vector machine as model learner).This study shows that the cardiac disease prediction model was developed by using appropriate attributes and best results of data mining technique(stacking) got an accuracy of 85.71% in predicting cardiac disease.

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Data mining,Attribute selection,Classification technique,Prediction model

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The present study is based on a random sample of 180 farmers consisting of 90 KCC beneficiary and 90 non-KCC beneficiary farmers by selecting three bank branches of Punjab national bank, Regional rural bank and Co-operative bank one from each have been selected from Sirsa, Dabwali and Rania blocks of Sirsa district, respectively. The primary data were collected for the year 2014-15. This study aims to analyse the utilization pattern and adequacy of credit provided through KCC by the beneficiary farmers in Sirsa district. For examining the utilization pattern Simple percentage method was used while to examine adequacy of credit amount sanctioned under KCC scheme both method average and percentage were computed to draw meaningful inferences. The study showed that most of the part of credit provided through KCC scheme to the farmers was misutilized by them in the study area. The study also revealed that the credit provided through KCC scheme for the selected crops i.e. wheat and paddy was inadequate in the district as well as across the various categories of farmers i.e. small, medium and large. The credit gap was found positive for both of the selected crops i.e. wheat and rice. It was found higher for paddy crop as compared to wheat crop in the study area. This study also suggests that more extension staff should be deployed by authorities to the bank branches to monitor the farmers for proper utilization of the credit availed under the KCC scheme.

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Kisan Credit Card, Utilization Pattern, Credit Gap and Adequacy of Credit

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The dried flower buds of clove (Syzygium aromaticum syn Eugenia aromaticum or caryophyllata) belonging to family Myrtaceae are used as a spice worldwide. Clove has been reported to exhibit antimicrobial, anti-viral, anesthetic, insecticidal, anti-convulsant, anti-oxidative and free radical scavenging activities. Eugenol, an active component of essential oil isolated from clove has antimutagenic, anti-genotoxic and anti-inflammatory properties. It also restricts DMBA induced skin carcinogenesis in mice. Aqueous extract of clove was effective in reducing the incidence of hyperplasia, dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ in benzo[a]pyrene induced lung carcinoma in mice. However, there are no reports on the effects of clove on human cancers.

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Myrtaceae, Antimicrobial , Anesthetic ,Insectidal ,Antimutagenic,Anti-genotoxic, carcinoma.

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With economic developments the globally generated wastes area unit increasing. This international Municipal solid waste generation levels area unit someone. 3 billion tons annually and area unit expected to extend to some a pair of 2 billion tons annually by a pair of 0.25. India with a population of 1.35 billion has per capita waste generation starting from 0.12 to 5.1 weight unit per person and a mean of 0.45kg/ capita/ day. In India, the segregation of domestic waste is completed at the municipal factories, wherever vast machinery area unit used for separating useful materials. Implementation of separate bins for assortment of waste materials is completed, however it doesn't yield its purpose because of lack of awareness, cognitive content and negligence. The present system for assortment of municipal solid waste will have any suggests that to verify the correct disposal or its timely maintenance. This paper proposes an image of a municipal waste bigot, which might segregate the drop waste right away, resulting in a lot of useful paper. The sensible bin may be programmed to send data regarding the drop garbage, specified individual action may be taken. Various sensors and motors area unit interfaced with Arduino board during this system.

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Gas Sensor, IR Sensor, Relay, UART, Arduino UNO, GLCM.

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Almost all heavy metals and their salts have oftenly been proven as an important group of environmental pollutants becaues they are potent metabolic inhibitors. Cadmium is non essential trace element with no biological function and highly toxic to marine and fresh water aquatic life. Several studies have shown that cadmium accumulates in specific site in the body rather than being distributed evenly throughout. In this investigation an assessment of effect of the heavy metal (Cadmium) on biochemistry of blood serum has been taken as the prime consideration because blood is good patho-physiological indicator. H-fossilis (air breather) and M.seenghla (Non-air breather) were used as test animals. Both species of fishes responded differently to the same toxicant and for the same duration of exposure. In H-fossilis there was decreasing trend in glucose, total protein, Cholesterol, urea and creatinine value while in M. Seenghala only glucose and sodium exhibited -ve trends, but all other parameter showed elevation in their value as compared with the control fish.

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H. fossilis, M. Seenghala, Cadmium, Glucose, Cholestrol, total lipid, Urea, Creatinine.

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Introduction: Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) and cardiac device-related infective endocarditis (CDRIE) are the most severe forms of infective endocarditis (IE), they are burdened with a heavy morbidity-mortality. Method: We present a retrospective study of a series of 35 cases of PVE and CDRIE collected in the cardiology department B at CHU IBN SINA, between January 2015 and December 2019. Objectives: Analyse, on the one hand, the epidemiological, clinical, bacteriological and anatomical characteristics of the PVE and CDRIE, and, on the other hand, the risk factors, and the therapeutic and prophylactic modalities of these forms of endocarditis. Results: The epidemiological profile of our patients was dominated by male sex with an average age of 52.8 years. Of the 35 patients, 10 had early infective endocarditis (IE) and 25 had late IE. Clinical signs were dominated by fever in 71% of patients and local signs in 76% of patients with CDRIE. All of our patients received blood cultures on the first day of admission. HC was negative in 10 patients (28%), for the other 25 (72%) we noted a slight predominance of staphylococci followed by streptococci and BGN. Echocardiography especially transesophageal was of a fundamental contribution to the diagnosis by allowing objectifying for the PVE: vegetations (10 cases, 45%), paravalvular abscesses (3 cases, 13%), dehiscence of the prosthetic valve (3 cases, 13%), and prosthetic leaks (8 cases, 36%). For CDRIE: Probe thickening in 9 patients (69%) and vegetations in 10 cases (76%). Treatment in 81% of patients with antibiotics was medical with a duration of antibiotic therapy of at least 6 weeks and medico-surgical in 18% of patients. Concerning the CDRIE treatment was based on all patients on the extraction of the infected equipment plus antibiotic therapy.4 patients had died; they were all patients with PVE. No deaths or complications were reported in patients with CDRIE. Conclusion: Through this work we insist on the need to shorten the time of diagnosis by educating patients to avoid the empirical consumption of antibiotics, the systematic realization of echocardiography especially transoesophageal and blood cultures. Due to the reserved prognosis, surgery, when indicated, should not be delayed and antibiotic prophylaxis should never be neglected.

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prosthetic valve endocarditis, cardiac device-related infective endocarditis

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Zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel technique via two different approaches having by employing zinc sulphate and sodium hydroxide. In the first approach, NaOH was added dropwise with regular interval (ZnO-A) whereas in the second approach NaOH was directly mixed with ZnSO4 solution (ZnO-B). The physical properties of the synthesized nano-particles were studied by X-ray diffraction technique and scanning electron microscope to investigate the structure and morphology of the material, respectively. It was observed that the both the grown ZnO particles revealed the crystalline properties. From the Debye-Scherrer formula , the particle size of ZnO-A was found to be 10nm whereas for ZnO-B it was found to be 7.7 nm. The SEM morphology exhibited the grown particles have uniformity. The synthesized ZnO particles could be used for various opto-electronic devices.

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Debye-Scherrer Formula, sol-gel, FWHM, Whatman filter paper

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