Volume 8 | Issue 9

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Abstract: Covid-19 pandemic has resulted into an abrupt transformation in human need along the diversified areas of the Globe. The whole population seems to have one and only necessity that is getting rid of this infection caused by a virus that is yet to be understood by the researchers. COVID-19 epidemic beyond the health status of the global society and economy has been experiencing a major challenge. The peak of the epidemic, more than one and a half thousand students, or about 90% of the world's pre-primary to higher education students are being hindered. All eyes are now on digital technology to provide continuity of education; the existing digital system has gradually clarified the gender divide and pushed towards further marginalization of girls. Numerous nations have chosen temporarily to close schools, universities and colleges in an attempt to contain the spread of COVID-19. The future looks ambiguous, unimaginable, and challenging for all education fraternity. As the development of a country depends upon the education system of it. There are more problems which encountered with online education. Educating and learning in an e-learning condition happens Web based learning, or virtual classes offered over the web, is stood out from conventional courses taken in a physical school building. Hence the present paper attempt to analyze critically on the basis of secondary data sources whether online learning has been able to achieve Education for All in this pandemic crisis.

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Keywords: Education, Gendering Pandemic, COVID-19 Crisis, Right to Education, Initiatives of Govt. of India.

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Vidahe mein trithkar

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Vidahe mein trithkar

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Background: With the globe in a critical situation, clinicians and psychologists are tapping into several mediums to provide psychological help. However, clinical therapy is still a luxury to many, which makes it important to set guidelines for the existing media. Professionals must work from a conceptual framework coupled with ethics and accuracy. Considering the rise in mental distress among the vulnerable population, more accessible media like text-messaging and video-calling are being adopted, making psychological practice feasible even with limited resources. Objective: This paper is an attempt to make text-based therapy more guided. One aspect of computer-based communication is the use of emoticons. It will be covering the use of this feature in a therapeutic context. Methods: A manual literature review was conducted to conclude the effective use of emoticons in text therapy. Studies evaluating text-based psychological interventions were included. Results:Through this study, it can be concluded that the use of emoticons might be appropriate in context to professional text-based therapy. fMRI studies were also reviewed to gain neural correlates of emoticons. Conclusions: The premise to create an ethical therapeutic space could be generated through vigilant professionalism and empathy even if it is on a mobile screen. Although text-based therapy is a budding practice yet the future implications of this study could lead to specialized courses and professional practices. Moreover, through text-based therapy, seeking help can become more accessible. Since this paper is a literature review, it falls far from considering the practical aspect of the presented results.

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text-based therapy, emoticons, textual treatment, emojis, text messaging

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Commelinaceae family belongs to flowering monocot plants; also referred to as day flower family or spider wort family. Suitable condition for its growth is Xeric, semi aquatic and most saline condition. Diploid set of chromosome no of Tradescantia pallida (Rose) D.R ( 2n= 2X=18) and Tradescantia spathacea Sw.( 2n= 2X=12).

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Cytology, Commelinaceae, Diploid, Tradescantia

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Abstract: This study has been undertaken to investigate awareness of occupational therapy among medical physicians with objective of evaluating the awareness of occupational therapy among the medical physicians The study was conducted over a period of 4 months. Totally 75 samples were selected for this study. This study was conducted among the medical practitioners to evaluate awareness about occupational therapy. For this study we used a questionnaire which expose occupational therapy awareness among physicians, This questionnaire contains 20 questions .in which 18 questions have the optional choice of right, wrong and no idea respectively. 2 questions are based on the general experience. According to this study what we realize is, there is less awareness about occupational therapy among general physicians. Even famous physicians who are all working in multi specialty hospitals do not know the role of occupational therapy in rehabilitation field. This shows lack of awareness about occupational therapy among physicians.

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Reinforce, Stimulates, self-esteem

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Abstract: This study has been undertaken to investigate effectiveness of stress management program for self efficacy and coping skills among college students with objective of determining the effectiveness of stress management program in improving self efficacy and coping skills among college students. 30 students are selected for the study according to the inclusion criteria, GSE scale is administrated to the samples to evaluate the self efficacy and Brief COPE inventory is administrated to evaluate the coping skills. According to unpaired �t� value of brief COPE inventory 3.7688 , there is a significant difference in the coping skills and according to unpaired �t� value of general self efficacy scale 2.1398 , there is a significant difference in self efficacy. The conclusion of this study indicates that the stress management programs are effective in improving self efficacy and coping skills among college students.

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Stress, Self efficacy, Coping skills, Stress management program

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Indian economy is mostly as rural region with two-thirds of its populations and its labour force is also from rural region. It plays an important part of the total net value added in many sectors, with an overall 46% contribution to our national income. The growth and development of the rural economy is an authoritative of wide-range development and overall growth of the country. Small cultivated holdings constitute the massive majority of farms in many developing countries. Smallholder cultivators are a vital part of the food value chain in India, as well as a critical element of the global food system. In December 2019 in a Chinese city of Wuhan that a new human coronavirus now popularly known as COVID-19 emerged. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought new risks that threaten livelihood as well as food security. Every year, Indian farmers face risks such as low rainfall, price volatility and rising debts, but risks from the COVID-19 pandemic are putting new challenges in front of a sector. The nationwide lockdown came at an unfortunate time for farmers, as it was the harvest season for the rabi crop. The lockdown created both shortage of labour and equipment - migrant laborers in India usually move to rural areas during harvest, and smallholder farmers often rent harvesting equipment as this is cheaper than purchasing it. The purpose of this paper is to discuss about performance of crops, wild plants, livestock, buying selling the product and the problems faced during this lockdown period. A survey was based on face to face interview of smallholder cultivators. Statistical tools of Likert five point scales and Friedman ranking analysis have been used to find results.

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Covid -19, smallholder cultivators, farmers, problem faced by farmers

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ABSTRACT Anabas testudineus were exposed to an environmental containing various concentration of composing pesticides during the resting phase of their sexual cycle in January fish of both sexes were exposed for 24-96 hrs with pesticides ( Chloropyrifos 50% +Cypermethrin 5% EC) at different concentration. Tested of the treated fish showed deleterious changes and degeneration of germinal epithelium and post meiotic germ cells. The SEM of normal ovary of the fish has showed large number of primary oocytes as well as presence of advanced stage of oocytes. In treated ovary studies several structural changes. Similarly normal testis well developed, functional sperm were prominently seen. Treated testis show less density of sperm and several structural changes are seen.

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Keywords:- Chlorpyrifos, cypermetharin, toxicity, germinal epithelium, ovarian atresia.

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Before August 2019, the State of Jammu and Kashmir (hereinafter referred to as the State of J&K) was the most privileged State of �Indian Union�1. It enjoyed the special status under Article 370 of our Constitution. Due to this whole of the Indian Constitution was not applicable to this State and Parliament�s jurisdiction over it was limited. It was also mentioned in this Article that the Parliament could not have extended this jurisdiction without the consent of the Government of the State. Article 370 was the result of �Instrument of Accession�2 signed by the then ruler of the State and accepted by the then Governor-General of the �Dominion of India�3. Under it, only three subjects- Defence, Communications and External Affairs- were surrendered by the State to India.

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History of Permanent Residents of the State of Jammu and Kashmir

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Patliputra ki Virasat ke Vividh Aayam

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Patliputra ki Virasat ke Vividh Aayam

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Madhyamwargiya evm Nimnawargiya pariwar ke bachchon me Apradhikaran

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Madhyamwargiya evm Nimnawargiya pariwar ke bachchon me Apradhikaran

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We analyze party discipline Process and Programmes in the House of Representatives between 1947 and 1998. The effects of party pressures can be represented in a spatial model by allowing each party to have its own cutting line on roll call votes. Adding a second cutting line makes, at best a marginal improvement over the standard single-line model. Analysis of legislators who switch parties shows however that party discipline is manifest in the location of the legislator`s ideal point. In contrast to our approach, we find that the Snyder-Groseclose method of estimating the influence of party discipline Process and Programmes is biased toward exaggerating party effects.

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Process and Programmes and Congress party

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?????-???????? ?? ?????? ????

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Skin delivery is one of the most frequently method used for drug application. But due to rough and tough nature of skin there is always been a search of a carrier that easily penetrate the uppermost layer of skin hence provide significant therapeutic effect. In recent years researchers focus on potential of nanocarriers as drug delivery system in various routes of dug administration. Liposome, niosomes, polymeric nanocarriers, carbon nanocarriers, SLN, NLC are some of the recently used carriers. The safety and toxicity of some nanocarriers is always a matter of conflict so limits their use as drug carriers. NLCs are second generation lipid carriers and due to its structural integration has wide opportunity in topical drug delivery. In this article we review the utilization of NLC and the work done on recent advancement in this field. Review mainly focus on the delivery of NLC in various topical diseases and applicability as drug carrier.

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NLCs, composition, types, advantages, drug delivery, drug penetration mechanism, and topical purpose

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BHARAT ME GRAMEEN VIKAS KI AWADHARNA : EK SAMAJASHASTRIY ADHYAYAN

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BHARAT ME GRAMEEN VIKAS KI AWADHARNA : EK SAMAJASHASTRIY ADHYAYAN

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First we will study convex sets and some propositions and theorems related with it in a vector space. When a topology is defined on the vector space in which vector compositions are continuous, then it becomes a topological vector space(TVS). Our aim is to observe the convex behavior of topological terms in TVS.

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Affine, Closure, Combination, Hull, Interior, Relative, Translation etc.

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The purpose of this to compare effect of Modified Epley�sManeuver and Cawthrone-Cooksey exercise with Brandt- Daroff exercise and Gaze Stability exercise in posterior canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo. In this experimental design a total of 30 subjects with an average age of 35 � 65 years of females those who had dizziness and balance disorder were assessed with Activities�Specific Balance Confidence scale (ABC), Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). 30 subjects were randomly allocated into group A (15 Subjects) who received Modified Epley�s maneuver and Cawthorne�Cooksey exercise with medications and group B (15 subjects) Brandt �Daroff exercise and gaze stability exercise with medications. At the end of the treatment, ABC scale, VAS and DHI scale on comparison within and between the group A revealed statistically significant result with pre-test and post-test mean of p value < 0.05 whereas the group B revealed statistically significant result with pre-test and post-test mean of p value 0.05. Conclusion: The study concluded that the Modified Epley�s manoeuver and Cawthorne�Cooksey exercise had statistically significant improvement in balance confidence and reduction in the intensity of dizziness in posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo participants as compared to Brandt-Daroff exercise and Gaze stability exercise.

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Modified Epley�sManeuver, Cawthrone-Cooksey exercise, Brandt- Daroff exercise, Gaze Stability exercise, Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV), Balance Confidence.

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India is blessed with an immense diversity of land forms and plant and animal life. It is home to majestic snowclad mountain ranges as well as to endless sandy stretches of deserts or the salty seas. A diverse range of lifeforms thrive everywhere. It is our duty to conserve and protect the diversity for future generations and that is exactly why we have national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and bio-reserves. Hazaribagh wildlife sanctuary supports different kinds of eco-systems and the aim is to maintain them unaltered. Hazaribagh wildlife sanctuary is a veritable shangrila of compact forest land endowed with distinctive flora and fauna. The wildlife reserves of Raja Ramgarh was declared as a wildlife sanctuary. The wildlife sanctuary has a separate range and distinction under Hazaribagh forest division. The biotic and environmental factors and strifed ecological habitat has been already come to weigh heavy on the vitality of the wildlife sanctuary. The forest occupy a special significance on the wildlife map, so far as they are uniquely large and compact tract well connected to the district headquarters of Hazaribagh by Ranchi-Patna National Highway 33. The wildlife sanctuary has been known as the home of the sambhars, the largest species of India. The habitat is shared by some other herbivores also like the cheetal, wild boar and bluebull etc. The sanctuary provides an ideal place for behavioral studies of sambhar in their home land.

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Research (Case Study)

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India and Afghanistan have had a strong relationship based on historical links. The role of India in the reconstruction and development of Afghanistan has tightened their ties furthermore. The relationship between both the countries remained strong even during the war between India and Pakistan in 1965. However, with the emergence of the Taliban in Afghanistan, the role of India in Afghanistan was affected. The close relationship of the Taliban with Pakistan further worsened the role of India in Afghanistan. Later in 2001, with the emergence of the Karzai regime once again India renewed her ties with Afghanistan and set up new interest for herself in the country. The regime promised India a stable relation with Afghanistan and the fall of Taliban worked to India�s advantage. The Strategic Partnership Agreement between India and Afghanistan gave new promises to their relationship. However, the close ties between there two countries was of a great concern for Pakistan. This article tries to answer certain questions related to India, Afghanistan and Pakistan. Why India shows great interest in Afghanistan? Is India�s interest in Afghanistan purely economic in nature? How does India�s role in Afghanistan concern Pakistan?

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India, Afghanistan, Taliban, SPA, ICCF, Pakistan, first use,

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lkjka�k %& izLrqr �kks/ki= esa Hkkjr ds lw{e] y?kq o e/;e m|ksax dh orZeku fLFkfr o pqukSfr;ksa ij izdk�k Mkyk x;k gS] lw{e] y?kq o e/;e m|ksx dks Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk dk jh<+ dgk tkrk gS] D;ksfd ;g gekjs ns�k ds lexz vkS|ksfxd f�;kdykiksa esa egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku nsdj jkstxkj l`tu dks c<+kok nsus esa eg�kh Hkwfedk fuHkk jgs gSA ;g yxHkx 12 djksM+ ls vf/kd yksxksa dks jkstxkj iznku djrk gSA Lo&jkstxkj ,oa vU; jkstxkj ds volj l`ftr djus dh fn�kk esa ;g {ks= d`f�k {ks= ds ckn lokZf/kd jkstxkj ds volj miyC/k djokrk gS o jk�V�h; vk; esa o`f} vkSj /ku dk leku forj.k lqfuf�pr djus o {ks=h; vlarqyu dks de djus] ftlls xzkeh.k vkSj fiNM+s {ks=ksa ds vkS|ksfxdj.k esa enn djrk gS vkSj fofuekZ.k mRiknu ds 45 izfr�kr ds lkFk&lkFk ns�k ds fu;kZr dk 40 izfr�kr ,e,l,ebZ {ks= esa gksrk gSA orZeku esa ns�k dh thMhih esa ,e,l,ebZ dk ;ksxnku 29 izfr�kr gS] blds vfrfjDr ,e,l,ebZ ds Jfed&iwWth vuqikr Hkh vR;f/kd gSA

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�kCndks�k %&lao/kZu] fofu;fer] Lo&jkstxkj] lw{e] foi.ku] ykyQhrk�kkgh] czkaM] mnkjhdj.kA

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