Volume 12 | Issue 9

 Abstract

This project aims to design, develop, and implement a ceiling fan safetysystem using logic gatetechnologyto prevent suicides byhanging. Recognizingtheriskposed byceiling fans in such tragicevents, this project focuses on enhancinghousehold safety through technological innovation. The system integrates weight and motion sensors into the fan, enabling it to detect abnormal conditions indicative of potential suicideattempts.These sensors feed dataintoa logic gatecircuit, which processes the inputs to make real-time decisions regarding the fan's operation. The development process involved creating a robust logic gate circuit usingAND,OR,andNOTgates toensureaccuratedecision-making.Acontrol unitwas designedtointerpretthelogicgate outputs,triggeringsafetymechanismssuchas deactivatingthefan or soundingalarmswhen dangerous conditionsaredetected.To ensure the system's reliability and effectiveness, multiple fail-safes and redundancies were implemented. Additionally, a user- friendly interface was developed for monitoring and managing the system, providing timely alerts and notifications. Extensive testing and validation were conducted to ensure the system's performance under various conditions and environments, ensuring it meets allrelevant safetystandards andregulations. Theproject also involved planning for thedeployment andmaintenance of the system in residentialand commercialsettings, ensuring easeofinstallation andlong-termreliability. In conclusion,theceiling fan safety system effectively enhances household safety by preventing its misuse for suicide attempts. The comprehensive design, rigorous testing, and user-centric interface make it a viable solution for reducing such risks, underscoring the critical role of technology in promoting safety and well-being in domestic environments. The project's scope covers not only the immediate implementation but also long-term maintenance and regulatorycompliance, ensuring sustainable and widespread application

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 Keywords

LogicGates, Safety,Sensors.

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In the areas of fire safety and disaster response, the creation of a real-time fire detection system for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) using Open CV represents a substantial accomplishment. This cutting-edge system seeks to enhance UAVs' capacity to quickly detect and monitor fire occurrences, which can ultimately support swift reaction and mitigation efforts. The importance of fire detection in UAV applications is first highlighted in the paper, with a focus on the necessity of early detection to limit possible damage and stop flames from spreading quickly. The process of acquiring images, preparing them, and applying Open CV to construct the fire detection algorithm is also covered. This is how the Open CV library, a potent tool for computer vision tasks, is used to develop the fire detection system for UAVs. Using the features of this library, the system can analyze real-time data from UAVs and reliably identify fire occurrences. We created a fire detection system for UAVs. In addition, it indicates future directions for this field of study and makes recommendations for improvements and modifications that could be done to improve the system's functionality and broaden its range of uses. Utilizing Open CV to create a real-time fire detection system for UAVs is a major advancement in the use of technology for preventative fire safety measures. This creative strategy has the potential to enhance disaster response operations and, in the end, save lives and property.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), OpenCV

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The IoT-based Smart Home Automation system leverages the ESP8266 microcontroller and various sensors to provide a seamless and efficient way to manage household devices remotely via the Blynk app. This system integrates temperature, humidity, gas leakage detection, and light sensors to monitor environmental conditions and control appliances accordingly, enhancing convenience, security, and energy efficiency. Users can remotely access and control their home environment through the Blynk app on their smart phones, receiving real-time updates and alerts. The ESP8266 facilitates wireless communication between the sensors and the Blynk app, enabling users to automate tasks such as adjusting thermostats, switching lights on or off, and monitoring home security. This innovative approach to home automation not only enhances the user experience but also contributes to a smarter, more connected living space.

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 Keywords

IoT, Blynk app, ESP8266

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The project's idea is that there will be an automated speed breaker on time demand and emergency vehicles as needed. Means when the speed breaker is not required on the highway, it disappears and the road gets smooth. When necessary, the breaker comes from the ground and starts to operate at slowing vehicle speed. We use a hemi-cylindrical sheet metal breaker that is connected to the traditional screw jack to apply the principle. Therefore, when necessary, it is rotated in the direction of the clock and rotates in the direction of the anti-clock and is flat and combines with flat road when required. In this device, we use a transmitter and receiver for radio frequency. The emergency vehicle identification device. Keypad is used to manually control the configuration of the speed breaker. The internet of things will be best at this project, which enables the control of the speed breaker online portal ASSBs use real-time vehicle speed data to modify the height and profile of speed breakers, enable the speed breaker with a servo motor, and update information to an Internet of Things (IoT) server. The goal of an ASSB is to control vehicular speed, reduce accidents, and provide an adaptive approach to traffic calming It is expected that if such a device is designed and incorporated into our cars as a road safety device, it will reduce the incidence of accidents on our roads and various premises, with subsction in loss of life and property. When itequentredu comes to the use of a motor vehicle, accidents that have occurred over the years tell us that something needs to be done about them from an engineering point of view.

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 Keywords

IR Sensor, ESP32

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Pet owners often face challenges when they are away from home for extended periods, particularly regarding the real-time monitoring and feeding of their pets. Traditional pet feeders lack the capability for remote monitoring, leaving owners uncertain about their pets' well-being and unable to intervene if issues arise. This project addresses these challenges by developing an IoT-based pet feeder and monitoring system, expanded to include a water dispenser. Utilizing NodeMCU or ESP32 microcontrollers in conjunction with the Blynk application, the system enables remote feeding, water dispensing, and monitoring of pets. Key features include servo motors for automated food and water dispensing, and a webcam for live video streaming, allowing pet owners to interact with their pets remotely. The integration of Arduino IDE for microcontroller programming and the Blynk app for user interface simplifies operation, making the system accessible to a broad range of users. Rigorous testing ensures the system's functionality, reliability, and safety, providing pet owners with a convenient solution that offers peace of mind through the ability to remotely care for and monitor their pets.

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NodeMCU, Blynk, Servo Motor, ESP32 Cam, Relay.

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 Abstract

This paper presents the simulation of a robotic car utilizing an 8051 microcontroller and L293D motor driver IC within the Proteus 8.6 environment. The objective is to design and validate a control system for a robotic vehicle, enabling it to perform basic movements such as forward, backward, and turning. The 8051 microcontroller is programmed to send control signals to the L293D motor driver, which then drives the DC motors. The simulation setup includes configuring the microcontroller and motor driver, programming the control logic, and analyzing the system's performance. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the design, providing insights into the operation and control of robotic systems. This simulation facilitates understanding the integration of microcontroller-based control systems and motor drivers in robotics.

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 Keywords

Robotic Car, 8051 Microcontroller, L293D Motor Driver IC, Proteus 8.6, Simulation, Embedded Systems, Motor Control, Microcontroller Programming, DC Motors, Circuit Design, Proteus Simulation, HEX File, Motor Driver Circuit, Schematic Design, Power Supply Configuration, Code Compilation, Microcontroller Interfaces, Robotic Control Systems, Electronic Simulation Tools, Control Algorithms, Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation, Electrical Engineering Automated Testing, Embedded Control System, Digital L

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This paper explores the design and simulation of a solar PV system for home use, using MATLAB/Simulink. The system includes a PV panel, a boost converter to increase voltage, an inverter to convert DC to AC power, a passive filter to ensure clean power, and a variable load. We simulate how well this system performs in real-world conditions, focusing on how efficiently it generates power and integrates with the grid. The results show that this setup effectively meets residential energy needs and helps maintain grid stability, offering a practical solution for sustainable home energy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Solar PV System, MATLAB/Simulink, Grid-Connected, Boost Converter, Inverter, Passive Filter, Residential Energy, Power Simulation, Efficiency, Load Analysis.

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The Worldwide, sleepiness and driver weariness play a major role in traffic accidents and fatalities. We havecreated an inventive Anti-Sleep Alarm system especially for drivers in order to solve this pressing problem.Advancedsensortechnologies,andanintuitivedesignarecombinedbythissystemtoefficientlyidentifyandwarn drivers when they are in danger of while operating a vehicle. The three main parts of the Anti-SleepAlarmsystemareanalertmechanism,andaTheThedesignoftheAnti-SleepAlarmsystemuser-friendliness,ensuring that it is easy to use, comfortable to wear, and non-intrusive during normal driving conditions. Itoffers customization options toadapt to individual driverpreferences and sensitivities.

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drowsinessdetection,automatedcallreceiving/decliningsystem,accidentdetection,TiltSensor,Buzzer

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The PIR sensor is employed to detect motion, sending signals to a central microcontroller which processes the data and triggers the corresponding actions. When motion is detected, the system can automatically turn on lights, adjust thermostat settings, or activate security alarms. The integration with IoT allows users to monitor and control the system remotely via a smart phone app or web interface ,providing real-time updates and control capabilities..

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Home automation using PIR sensors.

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The concept of Gwngrii Talwng among the Tagin tribe of Arunachal Pradesh represents a culturally embedded understanding of lethal conflict encompassing acts of murder, fratricide, and spiritually mediated violence. Based on oral narratives and ethnographic field engagement in Upper Subansiri district of Arunachal Pradesh, the paper analyses the account of the brothers Nishu and Nyinyu, recognised in community memory as the earliest instance of lethal conflict. Interpreted as an etiological narrative, the story links violence to kinship rupture, promise violation, transformation, and reciprocal death, thereby offering a culturally grounded explanation for the emergence of killing among humans. The analysis further demonstrates that Gwngrii Talwng encompasses the perceived influence of Riaram Uyu, malevolent spiritual entities associated with murder and misfortune, necessitating ritual intervention by Nyibus through rituals related to Riaram Uyu. The continued recitation of the narrative in ritual contexts underscores the enduring relationship between oral tradition, moral reasoning, and ceremonial practice within Tagin society.

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Gwngrii Talwng, Tagin tribe, Oral tradition, Ritual practice, Fratricide.

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This experiment was conducted to investigate the properties of Bacterial concrete for constructional purposes. In addition to concrete, bacteria named BACILLUS SUBTILIS (along with its nutrients) is added to attain more strength than conventional concrete and to improve properties of concrete. Aim of the study is to test and analyse compressive strength of concrete cubes, optimum dosage of bacteria used and to study properties of cracked specimens by introducing Bacillus Subtilis, which is uratolytic, gram positive (spore forming bacteria), and facultative aerobic. Mechanism: Bacteria convert Calcium (which is present in concrete) as Lime in the presence of oxygen and moisture content. From above mechanism, we analysed that strength of concrete cubes increases, and cracks are healed by itself i.e., it has a self-healing property due to incorporation of bacillus species.

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Bacillus Subtilis, Bacterial Concrete, Compressive Strength, Scanning Electron Microscope

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The right to health and hygiene of prisoners represents a critical dimension of human rights within the criminal justice system. While imprisonment curtails personal liberty, it does not divest individuals of their fundamental rights, particularly the right to life and dignity under Article 21 . This paper examines the constitutional, statutory, and judicial framework that safeguards the health and hygiene of inmates in Indian prisons. It analyses relevant fundamental rights and directive principles, highlighting how judicial interpretation has transformed prison healthcare into a justiciable entitlement. Key legislations, such as the Prisons Act, and policy documents, including the Model Prison Manual, are explored to evaluate the adequacy of existing provisions. The study also engages with landmark judgments, where the Supreme Court expanded the ambit of Article 21 to include medical treatment, nutrition, and humane conditions in prisons. Despite these developments, systemic challenges such as overcrowding, inadequate medical infrastructure, poor sanitation, malnutrition, and neglect of mental health continue to hinder the realisation of this right. Drawing upon reports of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) and the Law Commission of India, the paper underscores the need for comprehensive reforms. Recommendations focus on legislative updates, infrastructural improvements, gender-sensitive healthcare, and alignment with international standards such as the UN Mandela Rules and Bangkok Rules. Ensuring prisoners' right to health and hygiene is indispensable to upholding human dignity and reinforcing India's commitment to constitutionalism and justice.

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Prisoners' Rights, Health and Hygiene, Article 21, Prison Reform, Human Dignity

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mannu Bhandari Ke Katha Sahitya Mein Aadhunik Parivesh : Ek Adhyayan

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Mannu Bhandari Ke Katha Sahitya Mein Aadhunik Parivesh : Ek Adhyayan

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 Abstract

LinkedIn is known as one of the most fast-growing social media networks and a powerful platform for B2B marketing. It effectively builds a solidly professional network that every business is seeking and already becomes an inevitable part of digital marketing. The number of its users is over 600 million by 2019 and still growing. Additionally, 46% of the social media traffic to B2B company sites is from LinkedIn. Marketers have undervalued LinkedIn for a long time, but now it is getting a lot of traction, especially in B2B marketing. It is evident because since Microsoft acquired LinkedIn, it has grown massively in terms of users and business-friendly features that empower marketers to generate better ROI on marketing investments.

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B2B Marketing, LinkedIn Engagement, content, leads, Social media

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 Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in enhancing problem-solving skills among secondary school students. With the rapid integration of AI in educational environments globally, the research explored not just the general impact of AI usage, but also how specific types of AI tools contribute to various dimensions of problem-solving, including problem identification, information analysis, strategy formulation, solution execution, and reflection & evaluation. A sample of 100 secondary school students was divided based on their exposure to AI tools such as Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS), Simulations, Gamified Learning Tools, Adaptive Assessment Platforms and Educational Chatbots. Quantitative analysis methods including descriptive statistics, t-tests, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis were used to assess skill development. The results revealed that students who frequently used AI tools scored significantly higher on all dimensions of problem-solving than those who did not. The strongest correlations were found between AI tool usage and strategy formulation (r = 0.658), followed by information analysis and problem identification. Regression analysis showed that ITS and Simulations were the most powerful predictors of problem-solving success, explaining over 40% of the variance in some dimensions. Gamification was especially effective for strategy building, while Simulations and Chatbots helped improve metacognitive reflection. Notably, gender-wise analysis showed no statistically significant differences in performance, although female students showed slightly higher mean scores across all dimensions. The study concluded that AI tools serve not only as instructional supports but also as cognitive partners that meaningfully enhance problem-solving skills. Based on these findings, the study recommends integrating AI-driven platforms into the secondary curriculum, training teachers in AI pedagogy, and conducting further research through longitudinal and qualitative methods. The study supports the global educational shift toward digital intelligence and personalized learning, emphasizing the critical role AI can play in preparing students for 21st-century challenges.

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ROLE OF AI TOOLS IN DEVELOPING PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

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 Abstract

The world has become a global village since the emergence of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) under the concept of Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization (LPG) in 1990's. A tremendous development has taken place globally as the States have invited the private players in all fields of developmental works. India not being an exception, has adopted the PPP model by which, today, India is able to witness the world class international airports in Hyderabad and Bangalore. The author taking the opportunity of India's coastal length of 11,098.81 Kms, focuses on the development of "water aerodromes" for seaplane operations in India. The important element of aviation in popularity of the seaplane can be traced to a combination of operational, performance and economic characteristics which can revolutionize the nation's regional connectivity to remote locations. As airports and airlines are economic engines for a nation, likewise water aerodromes and seaplanes are pivotal to remote regional connectivity, remote access, tourism, search and rescue operations. India being endowed with a lengthy coastline of 11098.91 km can be used at an optimum level including the establishment of water aerodromes through PPP model and the seaplanes paving way for a new way to travel with huge impetus to tourism, allied sectors and employment. Hence, the author focuses on introducing the PPP Model Water Aerodromes for Seaplane operations in India, its viability; optimum use of Indian coast line; various mechanisms of PPP; regulatory legal framework international and domestic; role of Ministry of Civil Aviation; requirement of infrastructure for the development of water aerodromes; emerging legal issues along with the challenges ahead followed by suggestions and conclusion.

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 Keywords

PPP, LPG, Aviation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

E-Banking services have revolutionized the financial industry by enabling customers to access banking services through digital platforms. The rapid advancement of technology, particularly in Artificial Intelligence (AI), Block chain, and Fin-Tech, has significantly transformed banking operations, improving efficiency, security, and accessibility. However, E-Banking also faces several challenges, including cyber security threats, digital fraud, regulatory compliance, and technological adaptation. This study provides a comprehensive review of literature on E-Banking services, exploring their evolution, major trends, challenges, and future opportunities. The research aims to identify gaps in existing studies, emphasizing the need for more robust security measures, policy reforms, and enhanced financial inclusion. Through an in-depth review of academic literature, industry reports, and banking case studies, the paper highlights key findings regarding customer adoption, technological integration, and risk mitigation strategies. The study also proposes recommendations for policymakers, financial institutions, and technology providers to enhance the efficiency and security of E-Banking services. Ultimately, the paper concludes that the future of digital banking lays in continuous technological innovation, regulatory adaptation, and strengthened cyber security frameworks, ensuring a secure and customer-centric banking ecosystem.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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E-Banking, Digital Banking, Cyber security, Fin-Tech, AI in Banking, Online Transactions, Financial Inclusion, Regulatory Compliance, Block chain Technology, Open Banking

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The Son River Basin in Sonbhadra District, Uttar Pradesh, has a important role to play in the region's environmental dynamics and hydrology. The present work presents a comprehensive analysis of different parameters of the morphometry of the Son River Basin, employing advanced geo-spatial techniques. In the present paper, digital elevation model was processed to delineate the basin's boundaries and extract various parameters of morphometry such as stream order, stream length, drainage density, basin relief, contour, slope-aspect, and watershed shape. The analysis provides important observation regarding the characteristics of morphometry of Son river basin and aids in understanding its geomorphological evolution. According to the study, the Son basin in the Sonbhadra region has a perimeter of 438.50 km and a surface area of 3214 km2. The basin is 896.15 km long and contains six orders of stream. The basin's drainage density is 0.7 km/km2 while stream frequency is 0.36 km2, relief ratio is 9.38, mean bifurcation ratio is 4.04. Other parameters are also processed and calculated using suitable techniques.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Morphometry, GIS, Drainage Basin, Digital Elevation Model, Son River

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The idea behind sustainable development is that the cost to the environment which is caused by the growth process should be taken care of by the growth process itself. Environment has both micro and macro aspects. An important thing is to take care of the local ecological balance. Till date India has no index to measure environmental aspects. Also, this index should include not only environmental factors but also should have growth and development dimensions otherwise in today's world it would be meaningless. In furtherance to this objective, this study tries to construct an index to gauge individual states' socio-economic and environmental dimensions.

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sustainable development; Socio-Economic; environmental dimensions

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Abstract: The paper examines the experiences of Odia migrant labourers employed at Pondicherry University, India. It investigates their socioeconomic conditions, migration patterns, challenges faced and coping mechanisms within the university environment. Employing qualitative research methods such as in-depth interviews, participant observation and document analysis, this study explores the factors that motivate Odia individuals to migrate to Pondicherry. The findings of this research contribute to a deeper understanding of the experiences of the migrant laborers in academic institutions highlighting the complexities of their lives and the significance of addressing their needs and concerns for a more inclusive and equitable university environment.

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The Odia Migrant Labourers in Pondicherry University: A Sociological Study

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition