Volume 11 | Issue 9

 Abstract

We report a case of 77-year-old man who presented with fatigue, jaundice, pruritus, abdominal pain, progressive weight loss and cholestatic pattern of liver injury. Clinical findings and imaging was suggestive of Chronic Liver disease, and liver biopsy confirmed sarcoidosis. This case brings attention to hepatic sarcoidosis as a cause of progessive liver failure and highlights the importance of reaching the correct diagnosis early.

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 Keywords

Noncaseating granulomas, hepatic failure, cirrhosis, tuberculosis, cholestasis.

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Parbhani district is an important district of Maharashtra state. Various crops are grown in this district. These include cash crops, food crops, and fodder crops. Maize is included in all three crop category. Maize is cultivated in the district during the three seasons - kharif, rabbi, and summer. Generally the seeds of various types of maize seed companies are used for cultivation such as African tall, Karvir, Rajarshree, Vijay, Mahabiz, Digvijay, and Virat. The Rain is changing every year, with each month and season varying. The average rainfall during the period 2000 to 2014 is 82.03% during the monsoon, 14.78% in the north-east monsoon and winter period, and 3.19% in the summer. The Pearson correlation is therefore investigated by the rainfall in the period 2000 to 2014 and area under maize crop for the period 2000-01 to 2014-15.

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Agriculture, Area, Maize Crop, Rainfall, Season, Production.

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The United Nations shall promote, higher standards of living, full employment and conditions of economic and social progress and development, solutions of international economic, social, health and related problems, international cultural and educational cooperation, universal respect for and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion

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Keywords: Global politics, U N reforms, International politics, women's role

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a type of kidney disease in which there is gradual loss of kidney function over a period of months or years. Prediction of this disease is one of the most important problems in medical fields. So automated tool which will use machine learning techniques to determine the patient's kidney condition that will be helpful to the doctors in prediction of chronic kidney disease and hence better treatment. The proposed system extracts the features which are responsible for CKD, then machine learning process can automate the classification of the chronic kidney disease in different stages according to its severity. The objective is to use machine learning algorithm and suggest suitable diet plan for CKD patient using classification algorithm on medical test records. Diet recommendation for patient will be given according to potassium zone which is calculated using blood potassium level to slow down the progression of CKD.

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Machine Learning, Chronic Kidney Disease, Ensemble Approach

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Every human being is a rational being. He is accustomed to construct his own context by the process of interaction with animate and inanimate environment. This interaction is indispensable for survival as well as for the quest of knowledge. Every human being is a product of 'nature' and 'nurture'. The former is genetic materials and the latter denotes environmental situation which we live in. Because , genetic materials or genes can't remain in isolation, for their progress and proper inculcation they get engaged in interaction with their surroundings. Initially , the process of interaction continues by dint of reflexes, and these are called simple interaction followed by matured interaction. For the sake of matured interaction required for personality development and for better adjustment to the environment, everyone since birth has to had certain basic rights. The life of human beings sans certain critical rights is nothing but a mere animal life. It is due to this fact, the nature has blessed each of us with some critical rights right from our birth. Individuals by virtue of their being human possess certain basic and inalienable rights which are commonly known as human rights. These rights are inherent in all of the individual irrespective of their caste, creed, religion, sex and nationality. Human rights are essential for all the individuals as they are consonant with their freedom and dignity and are conducive to physical, moral, social and spiritual welfare. They are also necessary as they provide suitable conditions for the material and moral uplift of the people. Because of their immense significance to human beings; human rights are also referred to as fundamental rights, basic rights, inherent rights, natural rights and birth rights. In the history of human commonwealth, the concept of human rights got an unprecedent foundation immediately after World War II( 1939-1945), especially when the UDHR was adopted in 1948 by the members of the International Society. The UDHR has opened a number of avenues to help all and sundry in realizing and implementing their inner faculties by emasculating the scourges of armament races, war, aggression, illicit exercise of power hegemony internally and externally, border disputes amongst national actors and so on.

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Human Rights, Dignity, Natural Law, Magna Carta, Rights, etc.

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History of literature has witnessed the struggle of female characters throughout the ages. Women are portrayed as emotional, weak and subordinate in the society, which is dominated and ruled by Patriarchy. Even today in modern times, most of the writers are men. The excursion of females in literature is suppressed, dominated and oppressed. When women writers started to write about their own suffering in their works, they concentrated on female and feminine emotions, which have been recorded very less in history. The novel OverBoard written by Sara Paretsky is female-oriented detective fiction, possessing a female protagonist, that exposes the suffering and oppression of female characters. The present paper throws light on how female characters like Jane, Silvia and others are oppressed by men and society in Paretsky's latest novel OverBoard in the Warshawski series.

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Vicitimization, violence, female oppression, male dominance.

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This work focuses on the identification of fraudulent audio posts on social media. There are numerous posts posted on social media every day. It is infeasible to check the credibility of all posts. Audio posts look like spoken words and seem to be reliable to the public. Normal public cannot distinguish between real and tampered audio posts. This work presents a novel approach to detect fake audio on social media. The work uses techniques like MFCC to extract audio features and then the features are used to train an ANN model which finally classifies the posts. The work achieved 99.7% accuracy with real and fake audio dataset from Kaggle.

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MFCC, ANN, Audio, CNN, Librosa

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Coriandrum sativum L, Phytochemical analysis, Isolation of Phytoconstituents, , Antioxidant activity, Formulation, Evaluation of herbal face wash.

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सारांश- भारत एक बहुसांस्कृतिक देश है। भारतीय संस्कृति गीता, महाभारत, पुराण, बाइबिल और कुरान जैसे विभिन्न आध्यात्मिक ग्रंथों के साथ अच्छी तरह से जुड़ी हुई है। यह संस्कृति मूल्यों, मानविक मूल्य, सत्य, आस्था,विश्वास विचार धारापर आधारित है। यह पितृसत्तात्मक संस्कृति में गहराई से निहित है, जो प्राचीन काल से भारतीय समाज में मौजूद है। पितृसत्तात्मक समाज में महिलाओं को पारिवारिक सम्मान की मशाल माना जाता है। इसलिए भारतीय परिवार के लिए यह संस्कृति और सम्मान बहुत जरूरी विषय है। भले ही भारत दुनिया का सबसे बड़ा लोकतंत्र है, फिरभी देश के कुछ हिस्सों में महिलाओं को अभी भी अपनी शादी की पसंद को व्यक्त करने का अधिकार नहीं है और नही उन्हें अपने पहनने वाले कपड़े चुनने का अधिकार है। वे समुदाय के हितों और संस्कृति के रीति-रिवाजों के खिलाफ कुछ भी नहीं कर सकते हैं जो वे चाहते हैं। यदि वे ऐसा करते हैं, तो उन्हें सम्मान के नाम पर परिवार के सदस्यों द्वारा विरोध का सामना करना पड़ता है, जो ऑनर किलिंग जैसे नए अपराध को जन्म देता है। यानी परिवार के सम्मान और संस्कृति को वापस पाने के लिए सम्मान के नाम पर हत्या करना। इस में मूल्यों का संकट शामिल है। ऑनर किलिंग( सम्मान हत्या) आज कल एक नई प्रथा बन गई है ,जहाँ परिवार के एक सदस्य को दूसरे सदस्य या अन्य व्यक्ति द्वारा मार दिया जाता है। इस मामले में अपराधियों का मानना है कि व्यक्ति ने किसी हरकत से परिवार को बदनाम किया है. विडंबना यह है कि जब ऑनर किलिंग की बात आती है तो "ऑनर" शब्द एक मिथ्या नामकरण है, क्योंकि परिवर के सम्मान के नाम पर किसी की पसंद और अभिव्यक्ति की स्वतंत्रता को कम कर के उसकी हत्या करना सम्मान जनक नहीं है। निस्संदेह, यह मानवाधिकारों का उल्लंघन और अनादर है। दुर्भाग्य से ऐसे जघन्य अपराधों के लिए कोई विशिष्ट कानून नहीं है। नतीजतन, कई मामले बिना किसी कारण के अघोषित, अनसुलझे और अनसुने रह जाते हैं। इस कार्य के माध्यम से, शोधकर्ता ने ऑनर किलिंग के वास्तविक कारणों, परिवार की भूमिका, सामाजिक संदर्भ समूह और समुदाय की भावनात्मक स्थिति आदि की समीक्षा और विश्लेषणात्मक परिप्रेक्ष्य में प्रस्तुत करने का प्रयास किया है। इसके लिए शोधकर्ता ने विभिन्न माध्यमिक स्रोतों जैसे विभिन्न पुस्तकों, पत्रिकाओं, शोधपत्रिकाओं, शोधपत्रों, शोध लेखों की सहायता ली है। यह आशा की जाती है कि इस खोजी प्रयास से आगे के अनुसंधान कार्यों में मदद होगा और इस जघन्य कृत्य को समाप्त करने के लिए एक दिशा निर्देश स्थापित करने का प्रयास होगा।

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संकेत शव्दः मूल्यसंकट,सम्मान- हत्या, भारत, अध्याय आदि ।

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 Abstract

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NURBS Interpolation, MACRO programming, Archimedean Spiral, Surface quality, Shape accuracy

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Earthquake engineering is a sector of civil engineering that deals with the mitigation of earthquake-induced damage on structures and the minimization of loss of life. During the last forty years this sector has advanced considerably due to the rapid developments of computers and computing, the improved experimental facilities, and the development of new methods of seismic design and assessment of structures. This advancement though has not been enough to resist the catastrophic consequences that earthquakes impose. However, it has led to some improvement of design and assessment procedures with a shift from traditional force-based procedures to displacement-based procedures, as inelastic displacements have been deemed to be more representative of different structural performance levels. However it is still difficult to physically 'separate' these procedures since forces and displacements are strongly related to each other. Nevertheless, the characterization of the various performance levels has led to performance-based earthquake engineering; the most recent path of seismic design and assessment. The aim of this project is to study the pushover analysis of G + 15 RC structures with 10% and 20% irregularities using ETABS software. It is observed that as building height increases value of base shear and roof displacement also increases because of increase in seismic weight of building.

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Pushover Analysis, Static and Dynamic Loads, Performance-based Earthquake Engineering, Soil-structure Interaction etc.

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Social reticence and social rejection are two significant aspects of an adolescent that could impact their personality and mental health. These variables tend to share the cause-and-effect relationship leading to the pattern of behavior in adolescents The present study explores this relationship and concludes the association between social reticence and social rejection in adolescence. 181 samples were selected through Stratified Random sampling from the IX, X, XI, and XII standards, from two higher secondary schools in the Madawarayapuram area in Coimbatore City, India. Out of the 181 samples, 97 were boys and 84 were girls (Age, Mean = 15.59; S.D = 9.33). Karl Pearson Correlation Analysis and Independent Sample t-test were employed for data analysis. Results indicated a positive correlation between social reticence and social rejection in adolescence and showed that there were no significant gender differences in social reticence and social rejection in adolescence. Results also revealed a negative correlation between social reticence and people-pleasing facet (one of the items in social rejection). These findings show that socially reticent adolescents are prone to develop rejection sensitivity and experience social rejection from their peers.

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Adolescents, Social Reticence, Shyness, Rejection

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All people have the habit of saving, albeit there are many various ways to do so. Although there are many different reasons why people choose to save money, the main ones include caution, peer pressure, and the desire to consume in the future. The financing of public debt is significantly influenced by postal savings funds. In various nations, the fund is administered by a number of policy-oriented financial organizations with the objectives of community development and return on investments. This study investigates investor perceptions of the Postal Savings Scheme. Post offices have been crucial in tying the entire nation together and have also offered banking services. Its function has evolved through time, nevertheless, and it is now among the best possibilities for investors.

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Economy, Investors 'Awareness, Post - office Savings

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The oxidative decarboxylation of phenylsulfinylacetic acid (PSAA) and substituted PSAAs by H2O2 in the presence of oxovanadium(IV)-salophen complex has been studied spectrophotometrically in 100% acetonitrile medium under the influence of nitrogen bases like pyridine (Py), imidazole (ImH) and 1-methylimidazole (MeIm). Kinetic results reveal that the reaction rate is strongly retarded by nitrogen bases and highly sensitive to the nature of base. Among the three nitrogen bases used, MeIm with a strong ?-donating ability shows the highest retarding effect on rate with oxovanadium(IV)-salophen complex. The reaction involving hydroperoxo species and an electrophilic attack of sulfur atom of PSAA on the nucleophilic peroxo oxygen of the vanadium complex is proposed as the mechanistic pathway. The linear Yukawa-Tsuno plot demonstrates that the ground state stabilization of PSAAs through resonance interaction is the cause for the observed non linearity in the Hammett plot.

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oxovanadium(IV)-salophen, phenylsulfinylacetic acid, non-linear Hammett, oxidative decarboxylation, nitrogen base

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One of the primary means of communication is the postal service, where both formal and informal correspondence, as well as that between friends and family, is met with the same eagerness to open the envelope and read the contents within. With a variety of services and its savings programs, India Post meets the needs of all different types of customers. Successful accumulation, collecting, processing, transfer, and delivery of correspondence are all essential components of the post office's departmental operation, which also includes various auxiliary services. It is very vital to understand the services offered by India Post for a company that enjoys a good name as a result of the consistent utility it has delivered over the years.

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India's post, Communication, Postal Services, Postal Schemes

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The Government of India has designed and implemented number of schemes and programmes for poverty alleviation, employment generation and women empowerment as these are the core issues to address to attain the economic development. There are number of schemes for people residing in rural, urban and remote areas that range from SGSY, SGRY, SJSRY, REGP, SHGs etc. The basic reasons for poverty in India are population explosion, low agriculture productivity, unemployment, inflation and the social caste-system. The Self help groups (SHGs) model of empowerment and income-generation address the issues of poverty especially that of the poor women, SHGs helps in social, economic and political empowerment of women and promotes economic development. The model has been supported by banks, financial institutions and NGOs with participative approach with the members of the self help groups. Many states and union territories of India are successfully promoting and supporting the Self help group model of poverty alleviation and women empowerment.

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Poverty alleviation, women empowerment, SHG, NABARD and microfinance

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Wastewater treatment and the management of sludge, a byproduct of the treatment process, are critical components of environmental sustainability and public health. This research delves into the intricate world of sludge management, where sludge is derived from the removal of solids in wastewater treatment processes. The study focuses on sewage treatment plants in Jaipur, Rajasthan, and aims to enhance our understanding of sludge properties, treatment methods, and potential utilization. Over six months, sludge samples were collected, treated, and rigorously analyzed for their physical and chemical properties. The results reveal alkaline characteristics, varying moisture and solid contents, and significant nutrient levels in the sludge, which could be valuable for agricultural applications. The research also evaluates the effectiveness of treatment methods, such as centrifugation and sludge drying beds, highlighting their potential for improved sludge management. Overall, this study contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable wastewater management and sludge utilization practices, emphasizing the importance of resource recovery and environmental stewardship.

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Wastewater, sludge treatment

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Abstract: Manipur, the land festivals with rich cultural heritage bosoms with diverse identities of multi-ethnic myriad inhibited in every corner of the state. The state's captive scenic beauties of the green clad forests and hills where wild flowers roll in waves, lingering with free-flowing rivers and entangling amidst a small valley is a matter of vivid appreciation. Aesthetic apprehension will overwhelm one whosoever has a glimpse of the Nature's glory blossoming with the stretches of mankind's inhabitation. The rhythmic echoes of folksongs, folklores hymned at the festivals and rituals on the onset and the retreat of the seasonal cycle filled the air. A sense of intrinsic gratification will overflow perceiving it as 'fate' to be a denizen of this state. Lives, livelihood and survivorship is webbed with the nature and initiatives of untapping the natural resources need special concerns. Any act hampering the natural ecology plunders the lives of many thousand people. Manipur has many other numerous commissioned, planned and proposed Dams/Multipurpose Projects. The 105 Mega Watt (MW) Loktak Project, the Khuga Dam, the Singda Dam, the Khoupum Dam, Tipaimukh Multipurpose Hydro Electric Project (HEP), Khongnem Chakha Dam, Pabram HEP, the Mapithel Dam/Thoubal Multipurpose Project etc, caused massive internal displacements. Vast tracts of land have been submerged in the upstream villages while leading to desertification in the downstream villages. Homesteads, houses, farms, schools, churches, community buildings, standing trees, forest, personal and many community belongings are being submerged in the upstream villages. Displaced Chadong villagre of Mapithel Dam is one glaring example. In the downstream village of the same dam, their livelihood is mainly claimed by the Thoubal small scale sand mining on the river bank. However, after the construction of the dam, the river bed dried up scarcity of resources reeled in the villages. Tumukhong is one such example. Nothing less is the impact Khuga Dam to its affected villagers. The farmers along the stretch of the Khuga Dam irrigation canal is unleased with hardships due to its frequent breach. water supply from the dam is unsatisfactory. Not even a single unit of electricity is generated from this dam, that cost more than 400 crores of public fund, submerging vast tracts of fertile land at the same time leading to desertification of many villages. The paper will be an attempt to explore how multipurpose project implementation plundered the ecology and natural environment generating social disorganisation.

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Key Words: Heritage, Dams/Multipurpose Projects, Mapithel Dam/Thoubal Multipurpose Project, Implementation, Upstream, Downstream, Submergence, Desertification

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Air pollution has become a serious problem these modern days. Poor air quality is commonly found in larger cities, and is the result of a growing industrialization that pollutes the air we breathe with contaminants like industrial dust, smog and other particles from traffic. The solution from a user perspective is to use an air purifier that cleans the air from these particles. An air purifier can also be used to ease annoyance for people suffer from allergies. However, most air purifiers on the market today are made with one-time use filters, and incur a regular cost for the consumers. Air pollution is present outside in the environment and has become difficult to provide safety inside the house. This polluted air can cause many serious health problems in cities. If someone is suffering from breathing problems like Asthma or Sinus or suffering from any lung problem then air purifier acts as a surviving tool. Air purifier reduces the chances of health issues caused by indoor pollutants, which directly trigger neurological problems, respiratory infection or symptoms in asthma suffering. Hence, the fabrication of a low-cost solar powered air purifier made using a filter, Activated Carbon Filter, Solar Panel, and some miscellaneous components that can become a low-cost but efficient alternative for surviving in such difficult times. This air purifier uses various processes like filtering large dirt particles on the first pre-filter, then capturing dust particles and smoke molecules at the filter, and uses Carbon-filter to capture micro-particles produces clean purified air.

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Carbon filter, air purifiers, air quality

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The Harijan community in Bangladesh is one of the most marginalized and disadvantaged groups in society. They face exclusion from the broader community and are deprived of basic necessities. The aim of this research is to investigate the various forms of social exclusion and discrimination experienced by the Harijan community in their daily lives. By utilizing a qualitative methodology, the study reveals that social exclusion contributes to various types of discrimination, and both factors have a detrimental impact on the Harijan community. Through conducting in-depth interviews and analyzing documents, this research demonstrates that social exclusion resulting from caste and occupation-based stigmatization hinders the integration of Harijan individuals into mainstream society and leads to multiple forms of discrimination. The study argues that caste and occupation-based social exclusion restricts the Harijan community's access to housing, basic necessities, social connections, education, income, and employment opportunities, thereby perpetuating a life filled with discrimination for this community.

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Harijan, Social exclusion, Discrimination, sweeper community, and Rajshahi.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition