Volume 12 | Issue 9

 Abstract

In our daily life, a meter reader has to collect the meter readings physically from all on-sites. This involves a lot of manual work and the process is regarded as tedious. Power is necessary to operate the electrical appliances which is been used in our day today life widely around the world. It is a need of every individual and its demand would keep on increasing, so regulating it based on the use case is an adequate measure to be undertaken. The main objective of this project is to build an automatic system to take meter reading without involving much human intervention. This can also abide various other use cases like limiting the usage by specifying certain limits of load, setting a remainder to pay the bill within the specified time, or take actions accordingly if paying the bills are delayed beyond a specified time. This project recommends the use ofGlobal SystemforMobile(GSM)module fortransmitting necessary information fromtime totime with the help of microcontroller to automate the system of meter reading as it seems cost efficient and effective in range. Themicrocontrollercanalsobeprogrammed tolimit theloadsupply totheappliance based onthelimit theuser specified.

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PowerMeterBillingandLoadControlUsingGSM

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In this paper,the design of a 2.45 GHz helical antenna for CubeSat communications. Helical antennas, known for their high gain, circular polarization, and wide bandwidth, are ideal for the stringent size and performance requirements of CubeSats. The design process involves optimizing key parameters such as the number of turns, pitch angle, and diameter to achieve optimal performance in the axial mode, which offers a directional radiation pattern suited for satellite links. The report covers theoretical principles, design considerations, and simulation results, demonstrating the antenna's ability to maintain robust communication links, support high data rates, and withstand space conditions. Its compact, lightweight design ensures it fits within the limited space of a CubeSat, making. The design process of a 2.45 GHz helical antenna for CubeSat communications, optimizing key parameters to achieve optimal performance in the axial mode for satellite links.

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 Keywords

Helical antenna,CubeSat communications,Circular polarization, Directional radiation pattern,Axial mode, High gain.

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 Abstract

It is tedious for a Vulnerability Management Analyst to perform binge-tool-scanning (running security scanningtools one after the other) sans automation. Unless you are skilled at automating stuff, it is a arduous task to performbinge-scan for each and every engagement. The final analysis of this program is to solve this drawback throughautomation; viz running multiple scanning tools to scrutinize vulnerabilities, efficiently analyzing errors and givesstreamlinedresults; allof these inone Scanner

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 Keywords

VulnerabilityManagementAnalyst,Binge-toolscanning,Sans,Automation.

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 Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized various industries, and agriculture is no exception. This paper presents an IoT-based farm monitoring system designed to improve agricultural productivity and sustainability. By integrating various sensors and wireless communication technologies, the system enables real-time monitoring of key environmental parameters such as soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and light intensity. The data collected is analyzed and used to provide actionable insights to farmers, enabling them to make informed decisions about irrigation, fertilization, and pest control. This paper discusses the system's architecture, components, implementation, and benefits, along with case studies demonstrating its effectiveness

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IOT-BASED FARM MONITORING SYSTEM

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A groundbreaking solar-powered grass cutter designed to operate autonomously, thereby replacing traditional gas-powered lawn mowers and reducing environmental and noise pollution. The device embodies sustainability by utilizing solar panels to charge its batteries, ensuring efficient operation without the need for external charging. This makes it an eco-friendly solution suitable for both residential and commercial lawn maintenance. By integrating an 8051-family microcontroller with an ultrasonic sensor, the grass cutter intelligently navigates obstacles, ensuring safety and precision in grass cutting. This innovative fusion of advanced robotics and solar energy technology represents a significant step forward in lawn care practices. Future advancements in this technology hold the promise of further enhancing its efficiency and environmental benefits, positioning the solar grass cutter as a pivotal innovation in the realm of lawn maintenance. With its ability to operate sustainably and autonomously while providing reliable performance, the solar grass cutter is poised to revolutionize the way lawns are maintained, offering a cleaner, quieter, and more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional lawn mowers.

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 Keywords

Solar-powered grass cutter, Autonomous operation, Sustainability, Eco-friendly, Robotics, Solar energy technology, Lawn maintenance, Environmental benefits

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 Abstract

Fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites (FRPMCs) have garnered significant attention in various industries due to their lightweight nature and remarkable mechanical properties. In recent years, the combination of inorganic fillers into FRPMCs has emerged as a promising strategy to further enhance their mechanical performance. This review comprehensively examines the role of inorganic fillers in refining the mechanical properties of FRPMCs. Various types of inorganic fillers, including nanoparticles, microspheres, and fibers, are investigated in terms of their effects on stiffness, strength, toughness, and fatigue resistance of FRPMCs. The mechanisms underlying the reinforcement provided by these fillers, such as improved interfacial adhesion, stress transfer, and crack propagation resistance, are elucidated. Additionally, the influence of filler morphology, concentration, and dispersion on the mechanical behavior of FRPMCs is discussed. Furthermore, recent advances and challenges in the field are emphasized, along with potential avenues for future research. This review aims to provide valuable insights into the design and development of high-performance FRPMCs custom-made for specific uses through the judicious incorporation of inorganic fillers.

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Inorganic Fillers, Mechanical Properties, Fiber Reinforcements, Filler Dispersion.

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The advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has significantly impacted healthcare by enabling continuous, real-time patient monitoring. This paper introduces an IoT-based system designed to detect heart attacks and asthma attacks. The system utilizes the MAX30100 sensor, a pulse oximeter and heart rate sensor module, to accurately monitor vital signs such as heart rate and blood oxygen levels.For heart attack detection, the system monitors heart activity and oxygen saturation, while for asthma attack detection, it tracks respiratory patterns alongside oxygen levels. The data collected by the MAX30100 sensor is transmitted to a central processing unit via IoT modules, where advanced machine learning algorithms analyze it to identify potential critical events.In the event of a heart or asthma attack, the system automatically sends an alert to the nearest ambulance service, complete with the patient's location via GPS. This automated alert system ensures timely medical intervention, reducing response time and potentially saving lives. The proposed solution aims to enhance patient safety by providing reliable and continuous health monitoring.

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IoT-Enabled Emergency Detection for Heart and Asthma Attacks with Automatic Ambulance Alerts

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 Abstract

Rural electrification has become a crucial initiative in India to provide sustainable and long-term electricity to rural areas without causing pollution. To achieve this, an electrical system has been designed based on the challenges and opportunities associated with rural electrification. This system combines a hybrid energy generating setup (solar and wind) of 1KW single-phase grid. Additionally, a fuzzy logic-based maximum power extraction controller has been designed for the PV system. This controller extracts maximum power under varying conditions. Control technique used for DC-AC single phase inverter is based on SPWM switching with dead-beat PI controller. All this fuzzy and dead-beat PI controller will generate minimum THD and pure sinusoidal output voltage. Simulation is conducted in MATLAB/SIMULINK

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 Keywords

PV panel, Wind turbine, Fuzzy logic controller, SPWM, THD

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 Abstract

The IoT-based Smart Home Automation system leverages the ESP8266 microcontroller and various sensors to provide a seamless and efficient way to manage household devices remotely via the Blynk app. This system integrates temperature, humidity, gas leakage detection, and light sensors to monitor environmental conditions and control appliances accordingly, enhancing convenience, security, and energy efficiency. Users can remotely access and control their home environment through the Blynk app on their smartphones, receiving real-time updates and alerts. The ESP8266 facilitates wireless communication between the sensors and the Blynk app, enabling users to automate tasks such as adjusting thermostats, switching lights on or off, and monitoring home security. This innovative approach to home automation not only enhances the user experience but also contributes to a smarter, more connected living space.

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IoT, NodeMCU, pet care, Servo Motor

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 Abstract

An IoT-based smart parking system is being introduced by the proposed project with the goal of improving user experience and reducing parking congestion in urban areas. The system offers an effective and user-friendly way to manage parking spaces by utilizing cutting-edge technologies like servo motors for entry/exit gates, RC522 RFID for authentication and billing, IR sensors for slot detection, a WIFI module for cloud connectivity to platforms like Thing Speak, and an LCD display for real-time parking space information. Users utilize RFID cards or badges to authenticate themselves upon admission, and the RC522 RFID module records their entry time for billing purposes.Using infrared sensors, the system locates available parking spaces, updates the status in real-time on an LCD screen, and transmits the data to an Internet of Things cloud.

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 Keywords

Arduino, Servo Motor Sg90, LCD Display, NodeMCU, IR Proximity sensor, Buzzer

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 Abstract

This state-of-the-art water management system accomplishes two main goals that lead to unmatched efficiency and safety. Initially, its unique automated shut-off system makes use of Arduino Uno technology and water level sensors to determine when the sump fills up to capacity. This causes the incoming water supply valve to close, preventing overflow and water waste. To ensure equipment durability and dependability, the system also includes dry run prevention, which uses sensors and control logic to stop pump and motor activity when water levels fall below a key threshold. Because of its clever design, which combines relays, battery-operated motor, water level sensors, and complex control algorithms, the system operates at its best with the least amount of human involvement. This system redefines industry norms for optimum efficiency, safety, and dependability by offering a holistic solution for sustainable water management.

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AUTOMATED WATER CONTROL SYSTEM FOR UNDERGROUND SUMP

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 Abstract

Electric fences serve to deter both animals and humans from crossing designated boundaries by delivering electric shocks. These systems are prevalent in agriculture, animal control, and national security, safeguarding areas such as military installations and prisons. Additionally, they help manage wildlife, preventing deer from invading private properties and wild boars from damaging crops. Concerns over animal fatalities due to these shocks have spurred the creation of smarter fencing solutions. Modern electric fences now incorporate motion sensors to detect the presence of animals and administer brief, mild shocks instead of continuous ones, greatly reducing harm to animals while maintaining their effectiveness. These fences can bepowered by solar panels or mains electricity, providing dependable operation in various environments. With the integration of advanced electronics and microcontrollers, these fences can be monitored and controlled remotely via mobile devices, enhancing security and offering real-time monitoring capabilities. These innovations balance the necessity of boundary protection with considerations for animal welfare, making contemporary electric fences safer and more efficient.

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 Keywords

Electric Fences, Motion Sensors, Animal Welfare, Microcontrollers.

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 Abstract

This work design and implementation of an IoT-based air quality, temperature and humidity measurement and alert system. The system leverages a Node MCU microcontroller to connect to the Blynk cloud platform, providing real-time monitoring and alerts. The primary sensors used in this work include the MQ135 sensor for detecting air quality and the DHT11 sensor for measuring temperature and humidity. A buzzer serves as the alert mechanism when predefined thresholds are surpassed. The work involves connecting the MQ135 sensor to the Node MCU's analog input, the DHT11 sensor to a digital pin, and the buzzer to another digital pin. The Node MCU is programmed using the Arduino IDE, and the Blynk library is utilized to facilitate communication between the microcontroller and the cloud. Data is sent to virtual pins on the Blynk app, where it can be visualized using widgets.

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 Keywords

Microcontroller, Humidity Measurement,Blnk app

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 Abstract

The Solar double diode mathematical equation are simulated with maximum power tracking technique using perturb and observer technique .Using this maximum power output obtained without changing any physical constraints of solar cell. The above method simulated using Matlab for obtaining the predictable physical behavior of a PV module and array of 1MW capacity. The load flow analysis developed using Forward and Backward Sweep algorithm.. It is flexible and easy to adapt to any changes in any Radial distribution system at a tolerance of 0.0001 is developed.

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Solar PV, Forward and Backward Sweep, Power Quality

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 Abstract

The rapid growth of vehicles implies more fuel is required, resulting in the emission of harmfulgases into the environment, causing air pollution. An increase in the usage of private cars is notexactly a positive trend. Public transport has become a part of live most people reach from home toworkplace or school using public transportation. Waiting for public transport services is one of themost important factors & People spent more time in waiting for the vehicle. The services providedto passengers by transport systems are very important. People have the right to know where the busis now and how long time it takes has to reach bus stop. People need a service like route, scheduleinformation and current location of the public transport. This can be provided for the needy peopleto track the location of the buses and to manage the schedule of the buses in every branch location. The passengers can view the schedule of the buses and know whether the bus is On Travel, ArrivedDelayed, or Cancelled trip and they can view where the location of the buses.

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 Keywords

GPS Module, GSM Module, Real time bus tracking

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 Abstract

Nowadays traffic congestion in the urban areas is becoming very difficult due to enormous increase of automobiles. So in order to rectify this problem we presented a nice way to regulate the vehicles in crowd and a junction area, which eliminates the involvement of humans in its operation. Traditional traffic signal system only gives instructions to stop. However, if someone is breaking the signal then this system is not able to catch them and there are chances of taking bribe. Therefore, to increase the security of traffic signal, to reduce human efforts, and to avoid the bribery we are introducing smart traffic signal system through this project. Smart traffic signal based on the Arduino & infrared sensor, in which infrared sensors are placed at one side of road in such a way so as to cover particular necessary area of road from where the vehicles are waiting in the signal. Then it compares the density of the all the four tracks and it gives green signal to which track have a more density of vehicles. If all the track has same density, then normal flow of signal is maintained. If the signal is red and any vehicle breaks the signal, then the infrared sensor detects it and Arduino microcontroller take immediately action to buzzer alarm to warn the vehicles which cross the signal line mark. In addition, another feature is implemented called "Punishing Signal". It uses special decibel meters connected to traffic signals across the city. When the decibel exceeded a 85dB, the signal timer would reset itself, forcing the people to wait longer at the signal. This is meant to 'punish' them for their impatience with the message that if they honk more; they will have to wait longer. "Honking is a bad habit and an act of traffic indiscipline. Unfortunately, many of them indulge in reckless honking. Honking causes noise pollution, hurts the eardrums, increases heart rate, creates traffic confusion and causes stress, that system have reduce the noise pollution and the avoiding the human error in the signal changing and reduce or control the traffic jumping at the time of red signal is displayed.

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 Keywords

Sound Sensor, Arduino, honking noise, noise pollution, smart traffic light

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 Abstract

The increasing population of the country demands more power requirement. At the same time the wastage of energy also increased in many ways because of new life style of living. So, reforming this energy back to usable form is the major solution. As technology is developed and the use of gadgets, electronic devices also increased. Power generation using conservative methods becoming deficient. There is a necessity arises for a different power generation method. At the same time the energy is wasted due to human locomotion and many ways. To overcome this problem, the energy wastage can be converted to usable form using the piezoelectric sensor. This sensor converts the pressure on it to a voltage. By using this energy saving method that is the footstep power generation system we are generating power. In this project we are using the generated power to charge the mobile phones in the public places like bus stops, metro stations and also in railway station. Each registered persons will have RFID card with them by using that card a person can charge his phone by tapping the RFID card to RFID card reader, by doing so the recharge in that card will be deducted and charging will turn on for particular time period.

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Piezoelctric sensor, RFID, Arduino UNO

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 Abstract

TheIoT-basedpatienthealthmonitoringsystemaimstoprovideareliableandreal-timehealthmonitoring solution using modern technology. The system leverages an ESP8266EX microcontroller, an I2C LCD display, a humidity sensor, the MAX30100 sensor for measuring heart rate and oxygen saturation (SpO2), and a buzzer for alerts. This project integrates these components to continuously monitor and display vital health parameters, facilitating timely intervention and management of patient health. With the increasing demand for remote health monitoring solutions, this project addresses the need for a costeffective and efficient system that can provide real- time data to caregivers and medical professionals. The primary objective is to develop a system that monitors key health parameters, namely humidity, heart rate, and SpO2 levels, and alerts the user through a buzzer and a mobile application using the Blynk IoT platform. The implemented system successfully monitors the patient's health parameters and provides real-time updates on the I2C LCD display and the Blynk mobile application. The buzzer effectively alerts users to any anomalies, ensuring prompt attention and action. The project demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of using IoT technology for patient health monitoring, offering a scalable solution that canbeexpandedwithadditionalsensorsandfunctionalities.Thissystemprovidesasignificantcontributiontowards improving patient care and health management in both home and clinical settings

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IOT SENSORS HEALTH MORNING

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 Abstract

In ancient times, farmers and gardeners relied on observation, experience, and traditional methods to monitor and care for their plants. This intelligent plant monitoring system utilized simple yet effective techniques to detect changes in plant health, soil moisture, and weather conditions. Observations of plant color, texture, and growth patterns were used to identify potential issues. Soil moisture was monitored by inserting sticks or stones into the soil, while weather conditions were predicted using astronomical observations and natural signs. This ancient system, although rudimentary, demonstrates the ingenuity and resourcefulness of our ancestors in maintaining optimal plant growth and productivity. This project presents an automatic plant watering system that utilizes Arduino and moisture sensor technology to optimize plant care. The system is designed to automate the watering process, ensuring that plants receive the right amount of water at the right time. The soil moisture sensor continuously monitors the soil moisture levels and sends data to the Arduino board, which processes the information and controls the watering system. When the soil moisture level falls below a predetermined threshold, the Arduino board activates the water pump, supplying water to the plants until the optimal moisture level is reached. The system also includes a water sensor that monitors the water tank level, preventing overwatering and ensuring efficient water usage. The temperature sensor monitors the ambient temperature and sends data to the Arduino Uno board, which then activates a heating or cooling system to maintain an optimal temperature range for plant growth. The system also includes a notification system that sends alerts to the user's Smartphone or email if any parameter falls outside the optimal range. This feature ensures that the user can take prompt action to address any issues, even remotely

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 Keywords

Arduino Uno, Humidity Sensor, Watering System, Motor driver

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 Abstract

The amount of Solid waste that is being produced through our everyday activities is huge and is getting unmanageable day by day. This is mainly due to increasingpopulationleadingtohaphazarddumpingand increasing transportation costs with already few cost- effectivemethodstotreatthesolidwaste.Accordingtoan increasing transportation costs with already few cost- effectivemethodstotreatthesolidwaste.Accordingtoan estimate in 2016, 277 million tons of solid waste is produced by India every year. It is also projected to increaseto387milliontonsby2030and543milliontons by 2050. The very first method involved in the Solid Waste Management is sorting of waste which simplifies the further procedure as to what to do with the waste i.e., should it be treated thermally, biologically or dumped. Improper segregation of solid waste and segregation at secondary levels of waste management is only going to delay the wastemanagementprocessandsometimeseven lead to inappropriate dumping. This project suggests a way to deal with segregation process so as to make the wholesolidwastemanagementeasierandmoreefficient. AutomaticWasteSegregationsystemprovidesapractical segregation process of solid waste into metal waste, dry waste and wet waste at the primary level right where the wasteisbeinggenerated.AnAutomaticWasteSegregator with simpler mechanism than that of previous models is designedandadetailedmethodologyoftheworkingofthe segregationprocessisprovided.Selectionof therequired equipment has been mentioned. This project aims at segregating the waste produced at the primary level and reducing the burden at secondary levels and cost of transportation of the waste. The results obtained after testing the Automatic Waste Segregator with wastes proved to be functional and can be comfortably relied upon to segregate the wastes.

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 Keywords

waste management, Photo-electric sensor. ArduinoUNO

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