Volume 13 | Issue 9

 Abstract

Pitta Dosha, as described in Ayurveda, is characterized by strong digestion (Tikshnagni), sharp intellect (Medha), moderate build, and intolerance to heat (Ushna) .While traditional assessment relies on observation (Darshana), enquiry (Prashna), and palpation (Sparshana), these methods lack reproducibility1.This study aims to enhance Prakruta karma, vrddhi & kshaya assessment by integrating subjective Ayurvedic indicators with objective biomedical tools5.Classical signs were systematically mapped to quantifiable parameters such as gastric pH, thermal imaging, ghrelin and leptin levels, cognitive function tests, and metabolic markers6.The model also addresses Pitta imbalances: Vriddhi (aggravation) was associated with elevated bile pigments, gastric hyperacidity, and liver function markers; Kshaya (depletion) correlated with low BMR, cold sensitivity, and reduced skin hydration8 .This integrative approach strengthens clinical practice by improving diagnostic precision, enabling early detection of Dosha imbalances, and supporting personalized treatment strategies9.It also facilitates standardization and opens avenues for interdisciplinary research, including Ayurgenomics and digital Prakriti profiling11.

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 Keywords

: Pitta Dosha, Prakruti assessment, Vriddhi and Kshaya, Ayurvedic diagnostics, Biomedical integration, Metabolic markers, Ayur genomics, Personalized medicine

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The impact of technology on various parts of our lives, notably among the youth and college students around the globe. The emergence of digital technologies has revolutionized the way we learn, communicate, and socialize. Technology has created new opportunities for education and personal growth by increasing access to educational resources and allowing students to collaborate in real time with their peers and instructors. However, technology has also introduced a number of issues, including addiction, social isolation, and distractions, all of which can have serious consequences for mental health and wellbeing. The impact of technology on college students is enormous, with online learning platforms and distant coursework becoming more common. While this provides flexibility and convenience, it may also result in feelings of loneliness and isolation. Additionally, the requirement for ongoing connectivity and the possibility of distraction can have a negative impact on academic achievement. It is critical to understand the possible benefits and drawbacks of technology use, as well as to establish healthy habits and boundaries. Practicing digital literacy, self-awareness, and striking a balance between online and offline activities might help us avoid the negative effects of technology while maximizing its benefits. To summarize, it is critical to embrace technology's potential to improve our lives while staying aware of its possible disadvantages. Many college students use technology for academic objectives such as online study, research, and communication with professors and classmates. In addition, technology is commonly utilized for social networking, entertainment, and gaming. While technology has clearly improved our lives, there are concerns about its impact on our mental health, particularly among college students. This review research paper investigates the confluence of technology and college students' psychology, including the positive and negative effects of technology on their mental health.

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Technology; College students, Psychology, Positive effects, Negative effects

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Cloud computing has transformed the global digital ecosystem by offering scalable, cost-effective, and collaborative solutions across industries. Its service models--Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS)--and varied deployment modes have created unprecedented opportunities for innovation and operational agility. However, the decentralised and third-party-dependent nature of cloud systems introduces significant security vulnerabilities. Data breaches, unauthorised access, interoperability gaps, and weaknesses in identity management remain pressing concerns for stakeholders in sectors such as healthcare, finance, education, and government. This paper examines these security challenges through a comprehensive review of literature and insights from practitioners. It argues that the absence of standardised, context-specific frameworks exacerbates risks and undermines the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study integrates theoretical perspectives with empirical observations to identify gaps in existing solutions. The discussion proposes a multi-layered security strategy encompassing advanced encryption, robust identity management, compliance-driven governance, and global interoperability standards. By bridging the divide between technical measures and policy frameworks, this research contributes to building resilient cloud ecosystems capable of mitigating emerging threats while maintaining trust and reliability. The findings hold value for researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers seeking sustainable and secure cloud adoption.

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 Keywords

cloud computing security, data breaches, interoperability, identity management, global standards, risk mitigation

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This paper presents the design and simulation of a hybrid-shaped microstrip patch antenna (MPA) that combines the benefits of U-shaped cutouts and a hexagonal shape to achieve enhanced gain and bandwidth at 2.45 GHz. The antenna is designed by incorporating U-shaped cutouts within a hexagonal structure to improve its performance compared to conventional U-shaped and hexagonal antennas. The antenna was designed and simulated on an FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.6 mm. The design and simulations were carried out using High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). The simulation results indicate that the hybrid-shaped antenna achieved a gain of 5.4 dB and a bandwidth of 1.96 GHz, which are improved values relative to the individual designs. These enhanced characteristics make the antenna well-suited for wireless communication applications such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Zigbee. The combination of higher gain and wider bandwidth highlights the potential of the proposed antenna for integration into modern wireless systems.

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 Keywords

Analysis System High-frequency structure simulator (ANSYS HFSS), Hybrid-shape antenna, U-cut, hexagon patch, FR4 board, 2.45 GHz, HFSS, signal gain, frequency range, wireless use, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee

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The analysis of body fluids represents one of the most crucial aspects of forensic investigations, providing valuable biological evidence that aids in criminal identification, reconstruction of events, and linking suspects to crime scenes. This review discusses the significance of commonly encountered body fluids such as blood, semen, saliva, urine, sweat, and vaginal secretions, along with emerging sources such as earwax and breast milk. Traditional presumptive and confirmatory methods are compared with recently developed molecular and analytical approaches including mRNA profiling, proteomics, microbiome analysis, and mass spectrometry. The paper also evaluates observations from literature, discusses advantages and challenges of newly developed techniques, and outlines future perspectives. The findings suggest that while traditional methods remain relevant, modern molecular biology and bioinformatics are transforming forensic serology into a multidisciplinary science with greater sensitivity, specificity, and evidentiary value.

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 Keywords

Forensic serology; Body fluids; DNA profiling; RNA profiling; Proteomics; Microbiome analysis; Mass spectrometry; Forensic identification; Biological evidence; Molecular forensics

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Financial inclusion--the process of ensuring access to affordable and appropriate financial services for all--has emerged as a critical pillar for inclusive economic development. With the rise of digital technologies, particularly mobile banking, digital wallets, and fintech platforms, digital banking has become a catalyst for expanding financial access to previously underserved and unbanked populations. This paper explores the interrelationship between financial inclusion and digital banking, examining how technological innovations are reshaping financial systems and contributing to inclusive growth. Drawing on global examples and a detailed review of literature, the study identifies the key drivers, challenges, and impacts of digital financial inclusion. It also evaluates the role of governments, regulators, and the private sector in fostering a robust digital financial ecosystem. The paper concludes with practical policy recommendations to bridge the digital divide and ensure that digital banking contributes meaningfully to equitable development.

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 Keywords

Financial Inclusion, Digital Banking, Fintech, Mobile Money, Unbanked Population, Inclusive Growth, Financial Literacy, Digital Divide

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The convergence of Financial Technology (FinTech) and Agricultural Technology (AgriTech) is revolutionizing the agricultural landscape in both developing and developed economies. Traditionally underserved by formal financial and technological infrastructures, the agricultural sector is now experiencing a wave of innovation that promises to enhance productivity, improve access to markets and finance, and build climate resilience. This research article explores how FinTech and AgriTech are reshaping rural economies by providing solutions for long-standing problems such as lack of access to credit, crop failure risks, market inefficiencies, and low yields. Through case studies, review of global and national initiatives, and evaluation of socio-economic impacts, the paper highlights how digital tools and platforms are empowering farmers, improving food security, and contributing to inclusive and sustainable economic growth. Strategic recommendations are provided to harness the full potential of these technologies in transforming agriculture and empowering rural communities.

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FinTech, AgriTech, Precision Farming, Digital Agriculture, Rural Finance, Agricultural Innovation, Farm-to-Market Solutions, Sustainable Agriculture

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Background: Postpartum coccydynia is a painful and disabling condition that affects women following childbirth. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique (MET) with phonophoresis versus phonophoresis alone in managing postpartum coccydynia. Methods: A comparative experimental study was conducted on 46 postpartum women clinically diagnosed with coccydynia. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups: Group A (n=23) received MET with phonophoresis and a home exercise program, and Group B (n=23) received phonophoresis only. Pain intensity (NPRS) and disability (ODI) were assessed before and after 4 weeks of intervention. Statistical analysis included paired and unpaired t-tests. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements (p < 0.0001). Group A demonstrated greater reduction in pain intensity, while Group B showed greater improvement in disability. Between-group differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: Both interventions are effective in managing postpartum coccydynia. Combining MET with phonophoresis yields superior pain reduction, while phonophoresis alone showed slightly greater disability improvement. A multimodal approach may provide optimal benefits.

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Coccydynia; Postpartum; Muscle Energy Technique; Phonophoresis; Physiotherapy

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Diabetes, Prevalence, Risk factor, Non- communicable disease.

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This In the digital economy, businesses increasingly rely on data-driven approaches to personalize campaigns and maximize customer engagement. Predicting customer response to marketing campaigns is a crucial challenge in modern business analytics, where organizations seek to optimize targeting and maximize return on investment. This study explores predictive modeling of customer response behavior using machine learning techniques Random Forest and XGBoost with SHAP on a real-world marketing dataset containing demographic, behavioral, and spending attributes. The models are evaluated using classification metrics, confusion matrices, and ROC-AUC scores, ensuring a comprehensive assessment of predictive performance. Results indicate that while Random Forest achieved perfect classification on the dataset, suggesting potential overfitting, the XGBoost model coupled with SHAP offered comparably high predictive performance with the added advantage of robustness and explainability. XGBoost effectively captured complex feature interactions, such as age-gender effects, making it more reliable for real-world marketing applications. The results highlight the potential of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in enhancing targeted marketing strategies, while also identifying future directions for scaling the approach with real-world, multi-channel customer data. Furthermore, correlation heatmap analysis revealed significant behavioral patterns, highlighting the role of spending behavior and demographics in influencing engagement. These findings provide actionable insights for businesses to design data-driven, personalized marketing strategies. The research emphasizes the dual importance of predictive accuracy and interpretability, ensuring models are not only effective but also transparent and usable for real-world decision-making.

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 Keywords

Machine Learning, Customer Response Prediction, Random Forest, XGBoost, SHAP, Explainable AI, multi-channel campaigns, Behavioral Modeling.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) in international and Indian export-import trade has been described to the readers in this review article. The paper outlines how AI technologies like machine learning, predictive analytics, and auto-mation are transforming cross border trade by automating logistics, en-hancing customs processes, risk management. Through AI, companies can attain higher efficiency, accuracy, and intelligent decision making, which minimizes delays and operational costs. Also, the present paper also men-tions the challenges of implementation, such as high cost, absence of digital preparedness, and absence of skilled labour. The review stresses that alt-hough AI offers enormous potential, its adoption requires planned structur-ing and supporting infrastructure. For India, the review believes that AI has the potential to hugely improve the efficiency of export-import operations, which will lead to more competitive trade in the international market. But this change will need proactive governmental interventions, higher invest-ments in digital, firm policy support, and awareness generation programs to ready exporters and importers for AI sustainable adoption.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Import Business, Export Business, EXIM, Supply Chain Optimization, Global Trade, Trade Automation.

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Nutrition Feeding Automation System plays a significant role in enhancing precision agriculture, particularly in hydroponic farming where nutrient concentration directly influences crop yield and quality. This study presents the design and implementation of an Arduino-driven prototype for Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) hydroponics, integrating a TDS sensor for real-time nutrient calibration and a water level sensor for maintaining optimal solution volume. The Arduino Uno R3 serves as the control unit, processing sensor feedback to regulate nutrient and water delivery through servo-actuated valves. When nutrient concentration falls below 800 ppm, the system automatically dispenses fertilizer until the target threshold is achieved, while low water levels trigger automatic refilling. Experimental testing confirmed accurate detection of solution concentration and responsive adjustment of nutrient and water inputs, demonstrating improved consistency compared to manual methods. The proposed system highlights the potential of embedded automation for hydroponic management, reducing human error and ensuring balanced nutrient delivery for sustainable plant growth in controlled environments.

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 Keywords

Hydroponics, Nutrient Film Technique (NFT), Arduino Uno, Nutrition Feeding Automation System, TDS Sensor, Water Level Sensor, Servo Motor, Embedded System, Electrical Conductivity, Automated Agriculture.

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As digital reservation systems expand across travel, healthcare, hospitality, and other industries, the need for scalable, secure, and policy-compliant Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) has grown exponentially. API gateways, particularly enterprise-grade solutions like Akana, play a pivotal role in orchestrating, securing, and managing traffic between clients and backend services. This review evaluates the role of scalable API gateways in maintaining operational efficiency and regulatory compliance in modern reservation systems. Through comparative analysis, experimental validation, and architectural exploration, this paper highlights Akana's strengths in policy enforcement, integration flexibility, and performance under load. The review identifies existing research gaps, showcases Akana's performance against competing platforms, and outlines future directions in API governance, edge computing, and AI-driven policy automation.

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API Gateway, Akana, Reservation Systems, Policy Compliance, Scalability, Microservices, Traffic Management, OAuth, Cloud Security, API Governance.

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This paper explores the use of digital twin technology in retail environments, examining its potential to optimize operations, improve customer experiences, and streamline inventory management. A theoretical model for the integration of digital twin systems in retail is proposed, alongside a review of experimental results demonstrating the effectiveness of these systems. Key findings show that digital twins, when combined with AI and IoT, can lead to more accurate inventory management, better sales predictions, and increased customer satisfaction. The paper also discusses future research directions, including the integration of advanced AI algorithms, the expansion of digital twins to cross-channel retail, and the challenges related to scalability and data privacy. Overall, the research highlights the transformative potential of digital twin technology for modern retail operations.

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Digital Twin, Retail, AI, IoT, Inventory Management, Customer Experience, Sales Prediction, Data Integration, Real-Time Analytics, Retail Optimization.

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This paper investigates the construction of adulthood in J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter series and reimagines it through the theoretical lens of crossover fiction. While the series functions as a classic bildungsroman, tracing Harry's growth from childhood to adulthood, this study interrogates how notions of adulthood shift when juxtaposed with other fictional universes such as The Lord of the Rings, Star Wars, and The Hunger Games. Drawing on psychosocial theories (Erikson, Arnett), performativity (Butler), and fan studies (Jenkins, Busse), this paper argues that crossover fiction provides a unique space for challenging and rearticulating the meaning of adulthood. By situating Harry's journey within alternate moral and cultural frameworks, this study reveals adulthood as a dynamic, relational, and performative construct rather than a fixed endpoint. Ultimately, it proposes that adulthood in literature and popular culture is an evolving, context-dependent process that resists simplistic narrative closure.

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Keywords: Harry Potter, crossover fiction, adulthood, bildungsroman, fan studies, performativity, ethics

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This paper examines Salman Rushdie's 2024 memoir Knife: Meditations After an Attempted Murder through the lens of trauma narratives, resilience, and psychological recovery. On August 12, 2022, Rushdie was stabbed multiple times in a public attack--a violent culmination of decades of persecution following the publication of The Satanic Verses. In Knife, Rushdie transforms his near-death experience into a literary meditation, reconstructing his personal and creative identity through language. This paper employs Cathy Caruth's trauma theory and Judith Herman's framework on recovery to analyze Knife as a literary testament to survival. Through a close reading of the memoir, it interrogates how traumatic memory, vulnerability, and resilience intersect in narratives of violence. Furthermore, the paper situates Knife within postcolonial literary discourse, linking Rushdie's experience to broader issues of censorship, violence, and freedom of expression.

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trauma, psyche, resilience, recovery, memory etc.

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This study investigates the drivers behind workforce attrition among Generation Z, comparing their motivations with those of earlier generations. Using survey data from 150 Gen Z employees across sectors such as IT, finance, retail, and education, the research highlights key factors influencing job exits, including toxic leadership, lack of career growth opportunities, inadequate compensation, and rigid work cultures. Findings reveal that job satisfaction alone does not predict turnover; instead, attrition results from a combination of cultural, psychological, and practical factors. The analysis emphasizes the importance of flexible work arrangements, empathetic leadership, continuous feedback, and purpose-driven organizational culture. The study concludes that traditional retention models are outdated and calls for personalized strategies that align with Gen Z's values of growth, inclusivity, and meaningful work

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Generation Z, Employee Attrition, Retention Strategies, Work-Life Balance, Organizational Culture, Job Satisfaction

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The pancreas is a vital organ in a body which is responsible for the release of multiple hormones which are necessary to carry out the tasks of the body like glucose regulation in blood and hunger hormones and metabolism. But due to different circumstances be it dietary, lifestyle, trauma or habitat the pancreatic cells are prone to stress and inflammation due to which the chances of pancreatic cells dysfunction or damage is observed. This ultimately leads to conditions like diabeties, pancreatitis, pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Though research on the possible treatments are going on but there is still no complete curative treatment.but the research for a complete cure like by using stem cells have a high probability of replacing and repairing the damaged pancreatic cells. So this paper is about the emerging snail mucin extract which has a lot of compounds like glycosaminoglycans, peptides, glycolic acid, hyaluronic acid, and other trace elements due to which it shows antioxidant, anti microbial, anti inflammatory, regenerative properties so it is used in cosmetic products. Bioprospecting this snail mucin if it has the potential in preventing or protecting the pancreatic cells from conditions which cause it to deteriorate. And for that purpose understanding the snail mucin and pancreatic cells and designing a proper plan to conduct a research is thhe main objective of this paper.

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Pancreatic cell dysfunction, Diabetes and pancreatitis, Snail mucin, Glycosaminoglycans, Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, Stem cell therapy, Bioprospecting for pancreatic protection

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This article explores the sociological understanding popular media platform Instagram and its relationship with the consuming behavior, identity formation, social acceptance and gender enforcing norms affecting women. In the contemporary global age, the presentation of femininity in everyday life is highly affected under the media representation. Instagram beauty influencers are often referred to as trend setters and it is seen that women face a lot of difficulty in their everyday presentation of self and to feel connected or to become the part of the larger tribe. The objectives of this research are to determine whether self-presentation influences excessive social media use through its association with fear of negative evaluation and to assess the impact of social comparison on excessive social media use via its relationship with self-esteem. This study shows how social media beauty influencers often create problems in everyday life of the women in accepting their real self. This research adopts a qualitative technique, using purposive sampling the researcher has interviewed 20 women from the age group of 18 to 25 who are active users of Instagram. A detailed narratives has been collected from women using unstructured interviews to get deeper understanding. The paper also explores the discourse conveyed by social media influencers, focusing on five most watched women influencer on hair, body and dress. Based on the study we can unravel a deeper understanding of media influence on adolescent identity formation.

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Hyper reality, Consumption, Instagram age, Body politics, Femininity, Beauty, Stress, Gender performativity,

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Infiltration - defined as the unauthorized entry of individuals across national borders or into ecologically sensitive areas - poses a growing environmental concern in India. While often addressed through the lens of national security, the ecological consequences of infiltration remain under-examined. This paper explores the environmental impacts of infiltration on forests, wildlife, and biodiversity, particularly in India's border regions and forested zones, where illegal encroachmen... Infiltration contributes directly to deforestation, habitat fragmentation, and the overexploitation of natural resources. Border areas such as Jammu & Kashmir, Rajasthan, Assam, and parts of the Northeast - many of which are biodiversity hotspots - witness significant environmental pressure due to illegal activities like logging, poaching, grazing, and unregulated land use. These actions degrade forest cover, disturb wildlife corridors, and endanger vulnerable species such as the blackbuck, snow leopa... The environmental damage from infiltration also affects indigenous and conservation-oriented communities, such as the Bishnois of Rajasthan, who have historically protected forests and wildlife through deep-rooted ecological and spiritual values. Their efforts are increasingly undermined by external pressures resulting from human intrusion and resource exploitation. This paper emphasizes the need for a holistic approach that integrates environmental conservation with border security policies. Strengthening surveillance, enforcing environmental laws, and involving local communities in protection and monitoring efforts are essential steps. Addressing infiltration as an environmental issue is critical for preserving India's ecological balance and ensuring long-term sustainability in its most vulnerable regions.

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 Keywords

Keywords: India, infiltration, forest degradation, wildlife conflict, biodiversity loss, border ecology, Bishnoi community, environmental conservation.

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