Volume 13 | Issue 9

 Abstract

Herbal drugs synthesis based on Nano technology offers a practicable and feasible way to improve the effects of herbal medicine with chemical treatment for varying their properties which help to enhance their biological activity. In current study fruit of Malabar spinach was take out using water extract. The bioactive compounds present in the fruit facilitated the reduction of silver ions (Ag?) to silver nanoparticles (Ag?) under controlled conditions. zinc and copper oxides (ZnO and CuO) were synthesised using a wet chemical reduction method. The synthesized Ag, Zno, CuO nanoparticles swere characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) to determine their optical, structural, and morphological properties. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized AgNPs, ZnONPs, CuONPs was evaluated against pathogenic microorganisms, revealing significant antibacterial and antifungal potential. The results highlight the efficacy of Basella rubra fruit extract as a natural and sustainable source for nano material synthesis, providing a promising alternative for biomedical and environmental applications.

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nanoparticles, Basella rubra, FESEM, XRD

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PCOS known as metabolic endocrinological condition which primarily affects women in reproductive age. Menstrual abnormalities such as amenorrhoea, oligomenorrhea, abnormal irregular per vaginal haemorrhage, and hyperandrogenism are frequently associated with PCOS. The quality of life of women with PCOS is greatly impacted by the constellation of symptoms linked to androgen excess and menstrual disruption. It is necessary to look at new solutions for managing PCOS symptoms in light of the growing burden. Present review summarises the literature on PCOS diagnosis criteria from both Ayurvedic and contemporary perspectives, as well as the many stages of therapy and screening suggestions now employed in its management. Therefore, it becomes crucial to assess this illness in addition to infertility and other associated medical conditions. The Ayurvedic Panchakarma treatments with an obvious path to manage PCOS as a medical disease. In this case, Panchakarma treatment stimulates the reproductive organs structural potency as well as the body's endocrine and metabolic balance. One of the most successful Panchakarma treatments for PCOS is Basti Chikitsa. In Basti Chikitsa medication, Kwatha (decoction) and Sneha (medicated oil or ghee) are administered through the anus. When the Basti given in small amount and with less precautions termed as Matra Basti.

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PCOS, Basti, Matra Basti, Ayurveda

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Recently, there has been a lot of interest in the development of computer-aided diagnostics tools that use artificial intelligence (AI) to diagnose skin cancer. The increasing incidence of skin cancer, low awareness in an expanding population, and a lack of adequate clinical expertise and resources create an urgent need. Scientists have developed artificial intelligence (AI) tools, specifically deep learning algorithms, to distinguish between benign and malignant skin lesions in a range of picture modalities, including dermoscopic, clinical, and histopathological images, and many skin lesion datasets are publicly available. Despite several claims that these AI systems can diagnose a variety of skin problems more accurately than dermatologists, they are still in the very early stages of clinical use in terms of being ready to help physicians detect skin cancers. In order to help dermatologists and enhance their ability to detect skin cancer, we examine advancements in digital image-based artificial intelligence (AI) solutions for skin cancer diagnosis, as well as certain challenges and possible future breakthroughs

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Keras, Skin Cancer, dermoscopic, HAM 10000, CNN.

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The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has ushered in an era of unprecedented connectivity and convenience. However, it has also exposed these devices to a growing number of cyber threats. This study explores the evolving landscape of IoT cyber-attacks and investigates the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in enhancing the security of IoT ecosystems. IoT devices, ranging from smart thermostats and wearables to industrial sensors and autonomous vehicles, have become integral parts of our daily lives and critical infrastructures. With their increasing prevalence, they have become attractive targets for cybercriminals. Traditional security mechanisms often fall short in detecting and mitigating these attacks, making AI a promising solution. This research leverages AI techniques such as machine learning, deep learning, and anomaly detection to analyze patterns and trends in IoT cyber attacks. By examining a vast dataset of real-world incidents, including botnet-driven DDoS attacks, device compromise, and data breaches, the study identifies common attack vectors and vulnerabilities inherent to IoT devices. Furthermore, it assesses the effectiveness of AI-driven intrusion detection and prevention systems in real-time threat identification.

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IoT Cyber Attacks, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Cybersecurity, Machine Learning

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?????? : ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ??, ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???????, ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????????????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???-?????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????, ????????? ?? ????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????, ???? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???-?????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ????????? ??, ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ????? ???? ???, ???? ???-?????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ??? ??????-?????????, ????-??????? ?? ??????-?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???

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??????? ?????? 2. ?????? ???????? 3. ???-?????? ???????? 4. ?????? 5. ????? 6. ?????????

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Public examinations in a country like India, is not only a mark of academic excellence but also milestone for self-identity and financial stability. These exams act as symbol of months of effort, self-sacrifice, and their 'dream jobs'. However recently, the integrity of such examinations has been questioned time and again. The education sector is no exception to corruption and scams. This has destroyed the trust people place in the same system that is supposed to thrive on excellence and justice.

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PUBLIC EXAMINATION MISCONDUCT AND CONSTITUTIONAL PROTECTIONS: A CRITICAL STUDY OF THE PUBLIC EXAMINATION ACT, 2024

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The goal of this project " Integrated Intrusion And Phishing Detection Framework Using Advanced Learning Techniques" represents a considerable risk to online security. To address this risk, this project presents Fresh-Phish, an open-source and extensible system aimed at identifying phishing websites by using machine learning. By incorporating 29 unique characteristics, Fresh-Phish strives to accurately discern between phishing and authentic websites, thereby enhancing the protection of internet users against malicious threats. Fresh-Phish's methodology enhances existing techniques by resolving three essential challenges. First, it establishes a systematic framework for feature extraction as well as dataset management, ensuring that the data set is both current and comprehensive. Second, it minimizes dependence on an extensive array of features by focusing on 29 critical characteristics, which are substantiated by evidence of their significance in training the machine learning classifier. Lastly, Fresh-Phish seeks to alleviate dataset bias by ensuring a balanced representation of URL and content-based attributes, thereby improving the classifier's capacity to generalize and effectively identify phishing websites.

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Phishing Detection, machine learning, feature extraction, Fresh-Phish

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Abstract: Emotional maturity is vital for adolescents as they navigate the challenges of identity formation, academic pressure, and social relationships. This study evaluates the effectiveness of three counselling techniques-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Person-Centered Counselling, and Mindfulness-Based Counselling--in enhancing emotional maturity and regulation among adolescents aged 16 to 19 years. A total of 150 participants were randomly assigned to one of the three intervention groups and received eight weekly sessions. Pre- and post-intervention assessments using the Emotional Maturity Scale and Emotional Regulation Questionnaire demonstrated significant improvements in emotional maturity across all groups, with the Mindfulness-Based approach showing the greatest effect size. These findings suggest that tailored counselling interventions can play a crucial role in promoting emotional growth during adolescence.

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Keywords: Emotional Maturity, Adolescents, Counselling Techniques, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Person-Centered Counselling, Mindfulness.

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This research paper presents a feminist reading of Sudha Murthy's acclaimed novel, 'Dollar Bahu'. It argues that the novel serves as a powerful critique of how traditional patriarchy adapts and thrives in a globalized, consumerist world, ultimately leading to the commodification of women. Through a close analysis of the contrasting lives of its primary female characters--Vinuta, the dutiful homemaker in India, and Jamuna, the eponymous 'Dollar Bahu' in America--the paper examines key feminist concerns. These include the devaluation of unpaid domestic labor, the illusion of empowerment through financial independence, the complicity of women in upholding patriarchal structures, and the search for genuine self-worth. The paper concludes that 'Dollar Bahu' challenges simplistic notions of female liberation, proposing instead an empowerment rooted in inner dignity, mutual respect, and emotional fulfillment over material wealth. It highlights the novel's enduring message on the pricelessness of human connection in a world obsessed with price tags.

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Feminism, Sudha Murthy, Patriarchy, Globalization, Domestic Labor, Commodification, Indian Literature, Female Empowerment.

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India's health insurance sector has undergone substantial transformation over recent decades, evolving from elementary government-sponsored schemes to a sophisticated, technologically-integrated ecosystem characterized by diversified market offerings and enhanced operational capabilities. This research paper conducts a comprehensive examination of the historical development, contemporary operational dynamics, and prospective evolutionary trajectory of India's health insurance landscape. The study systematically analyzes transformative policy initiatives, technological innovations, and market developments that have fundamentally reshaped the sectoral framework. Additionally, the research evaluates existing systemic challenges while identifying viable strategic solutions, with the objective of providing comprehensive insights into the mechanisms through which health insurance can effectively contribute to achieving universal health coverage objectives in India. The analysis reveals that India's health insurance sector currently occupies a pivotal inflection point within its developmental continuum. While confronting substantial systemic challenges, the sector simultaneously presents unprecedented opportunities to transcend conventional operational paradigms through strategic adoption of digital innovations and comprehensive regulatory reforms. Through the integration of international best practices, infrastructure enhancement initiatives, and the implementation of customer-centric operational models, Third Party Administrators and insurance providers are positioned to evolve into agile, technology-enabled entities that function as foundational cornerstones of India's comprehensive healthcare infrastructure.

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Health Insurance, India, Policy, Ayushman Bharat, IRDAI

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Whistleblowers are an astounding example where they inspire individuals who ensure that due cognisance is being taken care of something which is unethical, immoral and unlawful. Whistleblowing has been an age-old practice of taking a stance and standing up against any sort of immoral, unethical and unlawful activity in any workplace by its employees. The basic principles of whistleblowing has been an essential and prominent factor in the evolution and development of society, community and humankind. Whistleblowing has not only ensured a safe working constitution for the employees but also safeguards the basic pneuma of humankind. Every individual has a right to work in safe, moral, secure and ethical work environment and the act of whistleblowing mandates such an environ for the employees. The global conventions such as, United Nations Convention against Corruption, 2003 (UNODC, 2004), Organisation of American States Inter-American Convention against Corruption, 1996, The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) Guidelines on Whistleblowing (ICC, 2008) and the ICC Whistleblowing and Whistleblower Protection Policy (ICC, 2014), and the Indian whistleblowing convention, The Whistle Blowers Protection Act, 2014, ensures that the works and rights of whistleblowers are protected and that they do not face any form of discrimination and unjust at and outside their workplace. Whistleblowers play an integral part in framing and evolving the principles of a healthy workplace. This paper delves into various fragments of whistleblowing by deliberating the works of select women whistleblowers. The work done by the whistleblowers introduced in the paper would help to understand the significance of Whistleblowers.

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Whistleblower, Workplace, Immoral activities, Unethical activities, Unlawful activities.

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Abstract: Foundationalism as one of the core of epistemology states that knowledge and beliefs are founded on some certain indubitable and self evident truths and knowledge. Foundationalism states that the justification of all our knowledge is ultimately derivable to the foundations of basic beliefs. Every belief needs a fundamental basis from which other types of epistemic beliefs can be derived. There are a long list of philosophers who claimed themselves as supports of foundationalism. This paper mainly makes an attempt to discuss the foundationalism of Rene Descartes. Cartesian epistemology, foundationalism is ultimately based on one and single proposition Cogito ergo sum. Descartes carefully examined this judgment. This judgment has two important features. They are clearness and distinction. The statement Cogito ergo sum is the basic belief for the justification of other beliefs.

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Descartes, basic beliefs, foundationalism, epistemic justification.

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Abstract: The role played by Therav?da Buddhism in influencing the formation of early Myanmar kingdoms is a significant chapter in its history, affecting not only religious aspects but also political, cultural, and social patterns. This study examines the emergence and dissemination of Therav?da Buddhism in Myanmar, as well as its contribution to the development of early states, notably the Pagan Empire. The advent of Therav?da Buddhism in the 11th century, with the conversion of King Anawrahta of Pagan, marked a turning point in the first unit of the native monotheistic tradition, which became the state religion and paved the way for subsequent developments in governance (Luce 112; Htin Aung 145). Royal support of the religion contributed to the establishment of temples, monasteries, and significant pagodas, which were physical manifestations of religious piety and royal places of worship. Legal codes, social hierarchies, and education were also influenced by Buddhism, whose monastic institutions served as centres of learning and cultural preservation. The paper examines the impact of Therav?da Buddhism on the political strategies of early Burmese Kings, on the reinforcement of social unity and on cultural contacts with neighbouring territories. Faced with obstacles, such as opposition from local traditions and other competing kingdoms, Therav?da Buddhism endured and became a significant influence in Myanmar's history and legacy as a Buddhist country. This character still resonates with me to this very day.

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Therav?da Buddhism, Pagan Kingdom, King Anawrahta, Monasteries and Education, Buddhist Architecture, Cultural Legacy

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This research paper explores India's strategic use of cultural diplomacy as a soft power tool during its presidency of the G20 Summit. By emphasizing India's rich cultural heritage, traditions, and values, the paper examines how cultural diplomacy was employed to foster global partnerships, promote inclusivity, and enhance the nation's global image. The study analyzes key initiatives such as the promotion of traditional arts, cuisine, and philosophy, as well as their impact on global perceptions of India as a bridge between developed and developing nations. Through a qualitative approach, the research highlights how India leveraged its cultural identity to shape narratives, strengthen alliances, and assert its leadership on the global stage. The findings underscore the significance of cultural diplomacy in advancing foreign policy objectives in multilateral forums.

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Cultural Diplomacy, Soft Power, G20 Summit, India, Global Leadership, Strategic Communication, International Relations.

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All ages from neonates to elderly persons suffer from skin disorders. The pathophysiology and management of skin disorders are explained in Ayurveda under Raktavahasrotodushtijanya Vikara. Prurigo Nodularis (PN) is a chronic skin condition characterized by intensely itchy, firm, raised nodules, often on the arms, legs, and trunk.These nodules are typically a result of persistent scratching and rubbing, leading to thickening and hardening of the skin. While the exact cause is unknown, Prurigo Nodularis is believed to involve both immune system and nerve dysfunction.In Ayurveda this manifestation has close resemblance with Visphota.A case of 54-year-old female who came with the complaints of multiple nodules over both upper and lower extremities associated with itching and burning. The patient was treated according to the Ayurvedic regimen of Shodhana and Shamana therapy followed by Pathya-Apathya . The involved Dosha were and Pitta (metabolic factor) and Kapha (binding factor) dosha. Pitta - Kapha Doshahara line of treatment was adopted in terms of mitigating and purificatory therapy.Patient got relief with appreciable changes in symptoms.

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Prurigo Nodularis (PN), Raktavahasrotodushtijanya vikara, Shamana, Shodhana ,Visphota

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Abstract: This paper explores the novel Anne's House of Dreams (1917) by L. M. Montgomery, with specific focus on the character, Leslie Moore, who is a devoted wife to her debilitated husband, Dick Moore. Leslie's story challenges the traditional notion of women's independence and self-fulfilment. Her story redefines feminism as a celebration of a woman's choice to submit and be a dutiful wife to her ailing husband. Rather than portraying her as an insignificant submissive women, she is depicted as a woman honouring her feminity within which she wilfully embraces loyalty, devotion and duty. The paper further examines how Leslie Moore's story serves as an honorarium to the traditional feminine virtues where strength, loyalty, compassion and nurturing are essential aspects that are forgotten in today's depiction of feminism. This paper demonstrates feminism as an individual female's personal choice, where the choice can also encompass surrender, fidelity, selflessness and marital duty.

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Key Words: feminism, marriage, loyalty, devotion, tradition, modern

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Problems and solution of loan words translation in leo Tolstoy's anna karenina

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Problems and solution of loan words translation in leo Tolstoy's anna karenina

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Abstract: Psychoanalytic theory helps the readers to understand the author's perspective better and the psyche of the characters according to the construction of the plot. One of the best examples is from D. H. Lawrence's novel Sons and Lovers (1913), in which according to Freud's psycho-sexuality, the character of Paul Morel is proven as Oedipus Complex. Many literary critics have implied psychoanalysis in the field of literature to gain significant psychological insight in literary works. This helps in reading the text and examining the psychological reality behind the conception of literary works as well as the relationship between the social reality and the author and its impact on the works of the author. This paper concludes that Gabriel Garcia Marquez's novel Of Love and Other Demons can be perfectly viewed through a psychoanalytic lens and it aligns to a certain degree in the field of psychoanalysis.

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Keywords: death drives, psychological trauma, collective unconscious, jouissance, love, pleasure, psychoanalysis.

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कोरोना महामारी जैसी अत्यंत ज्वलंत समस्या के कारण जब संगीत कला के पुजारी एवं साधक विपरीत संकट से गुजर रहे थे, तब वह उस समय ऐसे बहुत से साधनों को खोज रहे थे, जिससे कि लॉकडाउन में भी संगीत कला को निरंतरता प्राप्त हो सके एवं उनके श्रोता अथवा दर्शक भी लाभान्वित हो सके l ऐसी कठिन घड़ी में भी कलाकारों ने कोरोना महामारी जैसे अंधकारमयी वातावरण का सामना करते हुए अपने मानसिक, शारीरिक एवं आर्थिक कष्ट को झेला तो कुछ ऐसे कलाकार भी थे, जिन्होंने बहुत से समाधान खोजे ताकि इस संकट के काल से उन्हें मुक्ति मिले सके l इस शोध पत्र के माध्यम से शोधर्थिनी ने लॉकडाउन के दौरान कलाकारों ने संगीत कला का प्रचार जो प्रसार किया है उसका वर्णन किया है l

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??????, ???????, ?????, ?????? ??? ????

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