Volume 8 | Issue 9

 Abstract

Green Masala bonds are offshore rupee denominated financial instruments issued by Indian corporates to raise foreign capital so as to finance environmental-friendly projects such as renewables, water and energy efficiency, bioenergy, and low carbon transports. The first green masala bond was issued by IFC (International Finance Corporation) in 2015 for financing the YES Bank renewable and clean energy projects particularly for wind and solar energy. YES bank has allocated the proceeds from these bonds in various wind energy and solar energy projects in different parts of the country. The number of Wind Energy projects financed are 12 which have a combined capacity of 723.1 MW while on the other hand number of Solar Energy projects financed by these bonds are 34 which have a combined capacity of 2010 MW. The Green bonds issued by YES bank have paved the path in India by demonstrating innovative climate financing structures and creating a market oriented towards green finance. The proceeds of the bonds allocated in various renewable energy projects have various positive and expected annual and lifetime environmental and social impact in India.

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Masala bonds, Green Bonds, Green Masala bonds, International Finance Corporation, Green Infrastructure projects, YES bank, Infrastructure development.

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The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of Indian Judiciary in environment protection. From the dawn of 21st Century the environment issues and problems has emerged as a major concern for the well-being of the people. In India, the concept of environmental protection can be seen originated from the period of Vedas. The conception of ecological protection and preservation is not modern. In the present time the Supreme Court of India expand the meaning of environmental right. The Supreme Court is making and creating interpretation which led to the creation of new rights. As under Article 21, this court has created new rights including the right to health and pollution free environment. In India Judicial activism (PIL, evolution of Doctrines), NGO�s and public spirited individuals plays a vital role to protect the environment.

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Public Interest Litigation, Social justice, Public Trust, Environmental right, Apex court, Doctrines, Precautionary Principle, Strict Liability, Sustainable development, Polluters pays.

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Khushal Khan Khattak is a well-known poet, thinker, and philosopher, expert of medicine, hunter, politician and freedom fighter as well. Apart, he is the author of more than 300 books in prose and verse, in which approximately 20 books are available. His writings reveal that he lived by sword and pen together encircling each and every field of life. At the beginning he fought for Mughul Empire but after his imprisonment by the Mughals resulted in a new era in his approach towards the Mughal rule. This paper is an attempt to explore the language of his poetry which is never exposed because of cultural restrictions. The language he used in his poetry is not considered as formal or humble language and that researchers left this part of his poetry untold.

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Khushal Khan Khattak, Poetry, bare language, sexual orientation, erotic language

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(After 1947, the women of Jammu and Kashmir have played an import role in shaping the better future of their homeland and thus contributed efficiently in its socio-cultural, educational and economic spheres, Although, this contribution is enormous in many sectors, however, the role of these women in the field of politics has been very little and with the result their participation in the decision making process remained always negligible. As such the desired objectives of �Women Empowerment� in Jammu and Kashmir are yet to be achieved.)

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Role of Women in the Politics of Jammu and Kashmir since 1947

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Background: Breathing problemsis one of the most common causes of malocclusion specially in Children. Many of these children are misdiagnose. It is important for the entire health care community (including general and pediatric dentists) to screen and diagnose for breathing problem in childrenand adults between 5 to 16 years of age. If mouth breathing is treated early, its negative effect on facial and dental development and the medical and social problems associated with it can be reduced. Method: Breathing problem can cause malocclusion between children to early adult, so the sample was collected between the ages of 5 to 16 years of 20 patients, from Department of dentistry, National Medical College, Birganj Nepal. Result: Untreated 20 patients, sample were collected between the ages of 5 to 16 years of 20 patients with a mean age of 11.64 years. The sample was divided into 2 groups with 10 subjects in each, group 1 had history of no breathing problem had Dental Class I malocclusions and normal growth patterns; group 2, had nasal obstruction and Dental Class II malocclusions and vertical growth patterns as evaluated (molar relationship) on dental casts and lateral cephalogram . Conclusion: Above study shown that breathing problem can causes malocclusion like Dental class II malocclusion,vertical growth pattern with long, narrow faces, narrow mouths, high palatal vaults, gummy smiles, and many other unattractive facial features.

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Breathing problem, Dental caste,knowledge, Lateralcephalograms.Malocclusion

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The concept of potential is not very clear among the undergraduates they often make vague mistakes in using the concept of potential in electrostatic problems. One of the things that are taken as granted is that the potential of Earth is zero. Actually there is nothing as zero potential. Electric potential is rightly viewed when it is compared with height as in gravitational field. Just as for defining height we need a reference point from where we start measuring height for defining electric potential we need a reference point where the potential is zero. So why do we take the potential of Earth as zero? So, here in this paper I have addressed this question from a mathematical point of view. Where i have taken two spheres one charged (which is the smaller sphere) and one uncharged (which is the bigger one). Then I have assumed the bigger sphere as the earth where the radius of the earth is very large as compared to the radius of the sphere. And then came to a conclusion that indeed the potential of the earth is zero.

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electrostatics, potential,laplace equation

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A significant number of contemporary researches on business ethics and its importance can be found in most acclaimed academic articles. However, there is yet a research that specifically focuses on how ethical business culture affects the ethical behaviours of businessmen. Workplace ethics are a dynamic set of values that change with people and their definition of a workplace. For some, it's a physical office they are going to each day, while others, their headquarters. It doesn't matter whether you work from home or commute to work every day, workplace ethic is required to build a successful career. Organizations are known to embrace ethical practices and behaviours to increase productivity and uphold integrity while setting a penalty for workers who default workplace ethics. Hence, this paper will conceptually investigate ethical business culture and the way this ethical context negatively affects ethical misconduct of businessmen within the workplace. This study aims to point the essentiality of facilitating ethical business culture in business organizations. It is necessary to establish a proper and clear understanding about how ethical business culture helps enhance ethical work behaviours. Such understanding should be beneficial for business leaders also as organizational development practitioners in promoting business ethics by creating an ethically-sound culture in business.

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Ethics, Business Culture, Ethical Business Culture, Business Environment, Business Ethics, Ethical Work Behaviours, Work Place

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All the samples of the three systems selected for the present study are expected to show the variying catalytic activities. It is known to us that the catalytic activities of the samples would be mainly the functional properties of the surfaces. Thus in the specific condition in which the samples are prepared, the excess surface oxygen (E.S.O) must play an important role in controlling and characterising the surface heterogeneity of the catalyst, a vital factor contributing towards the catalytic reactivity. Sahay etal have observed that acidity, excess surface oxygen and activity for hydrogen peroxide decomposition are directly proportional to each other. Madhok 2 carried out an extensive investigation on oriental adsorption of normal aliphatic alcohols on pervoskite type oxides. He reperted that the change in E.S.O with the decomposition temperature of the catalyst should be related with the catalytic activity.

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E.S.O, surface area, acidity, catalytic activity

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Concrete technology has made significant advances in recent years which results in economical improvement of the strength of concrete. This economical development depends upon the intelligent use of the locally available materials. The cheapest substitute for natural sand is quarry dust .Quarry dust, a by-product from the crushing process during quarrying activities is one of the materials being studied . The residue quarry fines less than 4.75mm obtained from the crushed quarry rock often termed Quarry dust or Quarry stone dust (QSD) and replacing the natural fine aggregate (NFA) by proportions 0 and 100%.The results indicated that the incorporation of quarry dust into the conventional Concrete mix as partial replacement material to natural sand resulted in higher compressive strength and optimization of sand replacement is 40%.

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Concrete, sand, Quarry dust, compressive strength, Natural sand

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The purpose of morality in Buddhism is to create an environment in which everybody attain nirvana, "when a man gives , his merit will increase, no enmity can grow in the self-restrained. The skilled shun evil; they attain nirvana. By ending greed and hatred and delusion." Here the Buddha follows the path of deontological ethics in daily life.

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AN APPLIED ETHICAL STUDY OF NATURE AND BUDDHISM

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In this paper, a brief review of Artificial Neural Network or ANN in the field of Artificial Intelligence is represented. As artificial neural structure is inspired from the biological neuron that is responsible for transformation of signals in human brain, is explained in this paper. ANN is the network models that make machines more intelligent to act more likely or equal to human beings. The most common choice of leading ANN is the decision-making quality. They are adaptive learning models that work on prior data sets. Biological neuron model plays a vital role in the working guidance of ANNs. The approach of these networks is heading more day by day.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Activation Function (AF), information processing system, neurons, back-propagation algorithm, learning rules.

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Introduction: Maxillary premolars have a complex and variable anatomy and are the only tooth that shows eight configurations of the Vertucci classification. As they correspond to the adjacent maxillary molar in morphology, maxillary second premolars with 3 roots are called �small molars or radiculous�. Endodontic success in teeth with a number of canals above that normally found requires a correct diagnosis and careful clinical radiographic inspection. Case description: This case report aims to describe the endodontic management of a maxillary second premolar with three roots and three canals. Canals were enlarged up to ProTaper F2 size by instrumenting 1 mm beyond the apical constriction. Irrigation was done with 3% sodium hypochlorite and 17% EDTA gel was used as a lubricant and obturation was done with guttapercha points and AH plus sealer using single cone technique Conclusion: This case report presents the management of a patient who presented with the uncommon anatomy of three root?canaled maxillary second premolar. One of the cause for failure in endodontic treatment is incomplete obturation and unnoticed canals. Clinical thoroughness and early identification of aberrant tooth morphology assist in refraining possible mishaps.

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Anatomy, maxillary premolar, radiographs, root canal preparation, access cavity.

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Genetic algorithms (GAs) are multi-dimensional and stochastic search methods, involving complex interactions among their parameters. Researchers have been trying to understand the mechanics of GA parameter interactions by using various techniques. It still remains an open question for practitioners as to what values of GA parameters (such as population size, choice of GA operators, operator probabilities, and others) to use in an arbitrary problem. Genetic algorithm (GA) parameters are explored to minimize the time needed to find a solution. The basic GA code stays the same throughout the entire system. Variable parameters include mutation rate, crossover rate, crossover operator, number of generations, population size, etc. When an optimization problem is encoded using genetic algorithms, one must address issues of population size, crossover and mutation operators and probabilities, stopping criteria, selection operator and pressure, and fitness function to be used in order to solve the problem. This paper tests a relationship between (1) size of the initial population, (2) mutation probability, and (3) number of generations in runs of Genetic Algorithm for solving the TSP.TSP is an NP-hard problem, so using the Genetic Algorithm we can find a solution in a reasonable amount of time. In this thesis we describe the results of the solution for the Traveling salesman problem (TSP) for Kosovo municipalities, using the genetic algorithm, with different settings for the parameters of the Genetic Algorithm.

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Genetic Algorithms, TSP, Parameter Selection, Initial Population, Crossover, Mutation

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Forensic video/Image analysis techniques are used many times to perform visual data analysis. Video/Image forensics analysis is considered to be important to show that images and videos which are to be used as potential evidence in court of law are verifiably true / authentic. The popularity of digital devices such as smart mobile devices and also due to increasing number of low cost surveillance systems, several forms of visual data are widely being used in digital forensic investigation. Digital videos are used most of the times as key evidence sources in evidence identification, analysis, presentation, and report. A Deep Learning based forensic video/image analysis framework can be developed that employs an efficient video/image processing techniques using deep learning, such as object detection framework YOLO V3, CNN based summarization of videos, enhancing algorithm for the low quality of video footage analysis which consists of adaptive video enhancement algorithm based on Contrast Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) technique, Contrast Exposure Fusion Algorithm, Dynamic Histogram Equalization (DHE) which are termed to be useful in order to improve the quality of visual data for the use of digital forensic identification & investigation. The technique of Video/Image tampering detection using state-of-art techniques and textual enhancement are also termed to be important in order to assist in truthful analysis of visual data evidence. The framework would deploy recent techniques and algorithms which will assist examiner to perform visual analysis of evidence data.

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Video/Image Analysis, deep learning, object detection, Enhancement Algorithm, CNN based Video summerization, tampering detection.

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Year 2020 has been a difficult time for every country. COVID-19 has impacted every country in many ways such as increasing Covid-19 cases, downfall in the economy and increasing unemployment. To avoid such situations, the government of India has started a campaign known as #vocalforlocal, which means people should now start buying and manufacturing products in the domestic market. Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease, consumers have started shifting more towards local products or quality products. People in India started to avoid Chinese products, leading to a fall in the demand for Chinese products in the market. The perception of Indian consumer has shown a significant change towards paying more money for buying the quality product. There has been a lot of things going on between India and China since the Pandemic. They are either related to COVID-19 or National Security. Seeing the shift in the graph, we took a survey of around 100 plus consumers to know the factors that are impacting these markets. Digging into the situation and experiencing these things ourselves, we researched the Perceptions of Indian Consumers towards Chinese products during Covid-19 and the factors which are affecting these behavioural changes.

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Consumer Behaviour, Pandemic, Global Crisis, Economy, Trade etween Countries, International Markets, National Security, Industrial goods, Non-industrial goods, Income, Expenditure, Coronavirus, Purchasing Power, Covid19

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common metabolic-endocrine disorder in women and is associated with several metabolic morbidities. Despite the relatively high prevalence, the etiology and natural history of PCOS are not well understood. Current theories suggest that increased risk of PCOS may involve a combination of genetic susceptibility and a myriad of environmental factors, including diet, lifestyle, and social aspects. Often coined as a "lifestyle disease," PCOS is becoming a growing concern of physicians and women alike. Lifestyle, stigmas, taboos, PCOS's effect on identity, and quality of life are worthy of examination. In India, 20-25 percent of Indian women of fertile age are suffering from PCOS. It is crucial to understand how India's social and cultural climate affects the health-seeking, diagnosis, and treatment of women with PCOS and how these factors contribute to its increasing prevalence. Unhealthy lifestyle, diet, lack of exercise, stigmas, and low awareness impact the health outcomes of women who suffer from PCOS. Females are socialized in such a way that they abstain from talking about the biological changes of their bodies, even with their own mothers. Undoubtedly, health professionals and social workers must endeavor to end these fears and insecurities in women and eventually look forward to a more open and inclusive society that identifies and learns more about PCOS and its victims.

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PCOS, Women, PCOD,Fertile

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Abstract The aim of the present paper is to analyse the responsibility of the teacher towards the holistic development of his students. In India, teachers are instrumental in developing an integrated nation irrespective of diversity. Classrooms are the places where students gain knowledge and information which generates an eager curiosity to explore the world they live in. A teacher is accountable for leveraging and maximising teaching methodology in shaping and structuring the student�s mindset in a manner that will enable him to establish an ever shrinking world. An effective teacher shoulders the arduous responsibility of interacting with a large number of students as a single unit. He has to fully comprehend that he is dealing with students from dissimilar backgrounds, each with their unique tradition of culture, upbringing, religion, attire and language. This paper is mainly based on secondary data. This paper focuses on challenges faced by teachers in the present scenario where ethics should be of paramount importance in nurturing intellectually healthy adults. It is researcher�s endeavour to explore various strategies in implementing techniques wherein the teachers are a medium who create a neutral environment for the students thereby attaining the desired outcome.

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Challenges, development, responsibility.

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Forty-nine bread wheat genotypes were studied under rainfed conditions at three locations namely, Chena, Masha and Shey Bench, each of varied agroecologies in southwestern Ethiopia during 2017 and 2018 with the objective of estimating their genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance using 7x7 simple lattice design. Data were collected for 12 agronomic characters. The analyses of variance showed highly significant differences (p<0.01) among wheat genotypes for all traits studied in all the locations except for the number of effective tillers per plant at Chena and biomass yield at Masha wherein genotypes had significant differences only at p<0.05 level and the number of spikelets per spike at Shey Bench wherein genotypes had expressed a non-significant difference. The phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) were relatively greater than those of genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) for most of the characters studied at all the three locations; however, the magnitudes of the differences were relatively high for the number of tillers, number of kernels per spike, biomass yield and grain yield. High heritability coupled with moderate genetic advance (as percent of mean) were observed for days to heading, days to maturity, spike length and grain filling period at all locations. Therefore, any improvement of these characters would result in a substantial increment in grain yield in regions of southwestern Ethiopia which are otherwise rich in natural resources but poor in their efficient utilization.

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Bread wheat, GCV, genetic advance, heritability, PCV, variability

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Himalayas act as a natural barrier for most of the South Asian countries as the climatic conditions and topography of the buffer countries (India, China: Tibet, Pakistan, Nepal, and Bhutan) are dependent on it. Geologically, Himalayas were formed by the collision of Indo-Australian tectonic plates. The region gives a strategic value to the Indian Sub-continent which always has taken into account as a geopolitical pivot of India along with the Indian Ocean. At the same time, there are significant challenges within the Himalayan region which are very crucial and strategic for India. These issues are mostly geopolitical in nature such as border disputes with China, Pakistan, and Nepal. This study focuses on the major strategic challenges of India in the Himalayan region. For analyzing this paper we mostly relied on secondary data which were collected through different books, journals, authentic internet sources, grey literature, and websites. The paper highlights on how to minimize the strategic challenges which India is facing presently. This research will be useful for scholars and academicians, foreign policy, decision-makers, security, and strategic influence on frontiers.

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Himalayas, Geopolitics, Strategic, Buffer-State, Frontiers.

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In this paper �Performance Evaluation of Various Binary Classifiers for Big Data� describe each step along the way to create a scalable machine learning system suitable to process large quantities of data. The techniques described in the research paper will aid in creating value from a dataset in a scalable fashion while still being accessible to non-specialized computer scientists and computer enthusiasts. Common challenges in the task will be explored and discussed with varying depth. A few areas in machine learning will get particular focus and will be demonstrated with a supplied case-study using Adult Census Income data. Currently, every industry uses Big Data for essential information extraction. Adult Census Income Records (ACIR) store massive data and are continuously updated with information such as age, Income, Marital Status, No. of Dependents etc. There are various methods by which data is generated and collected, including databases, websites, mobile applications, wearable technologies, and sensors. The continuous row of data will improve service, research and, ultimately, easy to find income records of adults. Thus, it is important to implement advanced data analysis techniques to obtain more precise prediction results. Machine Learning (ML) has acquired an important place in Big Data. ML has the capability to run predictive analysis, detect patterns or red flags. Because predictive models have dependent and independent variables, ML algorithms perform mathematical calculations to find the best suitable mathematical equations to predict dependent variables using a given set of independent variables. These model performances depend on datasets and response, or dependent, variable types such as binary or multi-class, supervised or unsupervised. Machine learning techniques will contribution towards making Big Data symmetric applications among the most significant sources of new data in the future. In this context, network systems are endowed with the capacity to access varieties of experimental symmetric data across a plethora of network devices, study the data information, obtain knowledge, and make informed decisions based on the dataset at its disposal. The current research analyzed incremental, or streaming or online, algorithm performance with offline or batch learning (these terms are used interchangeably) using performance measures such as accuracy, model complexity, and time consumption. Batch learning algorithms are provided with the specific dataset, which always constrains the size of the dataset depending on memory consumption.

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Binary classifier, Machine Learning, Adult Dataset, Big data, Linear Regression, AUC, Accuracy.

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