Volume 13 | Issue 9

 Abstract

Cancer is a complex and multifaceted disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. It can affect any part of the body and is a leading cause of death worldwide. Breast cancer is a disease in which malignant cells form in the tissues of the breast, often originating in the ducts or lobules. It is one of the most common types of cancer affecting the women worldwide. Lot of conventional therapies are available for the treatment of cancer, but the main problem associated with the treatment is the occurrence of serious adverse effects. Plants play a vital role in the discovery and development of anticancer agents due to their rich diversity of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential. Many plant-derived secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, exhibit strong anticancer properties by targeting multiple cellular pathways involved in cancer development, including apoptosis induction, inhibition of angiogenesis, and suppression of metastasis. Network pharmacology is an emerging and highly relevant approach in modern drug discovery, especially for complex diseases like cancer. Unlike traditional "one drug, one target" strategies, network pharmacology embraces the complexity of biological systems by examining how drugs interact with multiple targets and pathways simultaneously. Viola tricolor, commonly known as wild pansy, heartsease, or Johnny jump-up, is a small annual or perennial herbaceous plant from the Violaceae family, native to Europe and parts of Asia. Phytochemical studies have identified a rich profile of bioactive compounds in Viola tricolor, including flavonoids (violanthin, rutin), phenolic acids (Caffeic and p-Coumaric acids), cyclotides, saponins, and carotenoids, which contribute to its wide spectrum of pharmacological activities. Recent in vitro studies have demonstrated that extracts of Viola tricolor exhibit cytotoxic effects against various cancer cell lines, including human cervical (HeLa), breast (MCF-7), and lung carcinoma cells, indicating potential anticancer activity. Due to its multi-component composition and traditional medicinal relevance, Viola tricolor is increasingly being studied through network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches to better understand its potential as a natural source of anticancer agents. The study utilized a network pharmacology approach to explore the anticancer potential of Viola tricolor, uncovering its multi-target and multi-pathway therapeutic actions. The analysis revealed that bioactive compounds in Viola tricolor interact with key cancer-related proteins such as TP53, PIK3CA, AKT1, JAK2, and ERBB2, which are central nodes in critical signaling pathways governing cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis.

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UNVEILING THE ANTICANCER POTENTIAL OF Viola tricolor: A NETWORK PHARMACOLOGY APPROACH

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Abstract: One of the salient features of Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam's autobiography Wings of Fire is the theme of mentoring. In this book, the author narrates his journey from childhood to becoming the 'Missile Man of India' and eventually the President of the nation. He highlights the contributions of several mentors who significantly shaped his personality, values, and outlook on life. These mentors include his father Jainulabdeen, mother Ashiamma, cousin Jalaluddin, Samsuddin, Pakshi Lakshmana Shastry, Rev. Fr. Eudurai Solomon, Father T.N. Sequeira, Prof. Srinivasan (then Director of MIT), Prof. Vikram Sarabhai, Dr. Brahm Prakash, among others. Their guidance, combined with his own perseverance and hard work, played a crucial role in his rise to become an eminent aerospace scientist.

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Keywords: personality, outlook, life, character, career, guidance, hard work

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Ayurveda and Yoga are two ancient and best practices that have been used for centuries to promote physical, mental and spiritual health. Both Ayurveda and Yoga originated in India and have same Vedic roots. Yoga is very well known for its contribution in prevention of various lifestyle diseases such as Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, Atherosclerosis etc. But when it comes to Surgical diseases, contribution of Yoga is the topic which is very least talked about. Yoga can play a significant role in managing various surgical diseases, particularly in reducing anxiety, pain and improving overall well-being of a person. Many research suggests that yoga can impact positively impact preoperative, postoperative outcomes and also can fasten wound healing which results in reduced hospital stays for patients. This article will highlight common surgical cases in which specific Yoga can prove helpful in many aspects such as reducing pain, preventive measures etc.

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Ayurveda, Yoga, Surgical diseases

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Profitability is the life blood of every business. The term profitability includes two terms profit and ability. Every business organisation wants to know its profit at the end of the year. It also wants to know its profit earning capability. Ultimate profit comes from the profit earning capability of the company or Industry. Tea is an industry of two folds values. It has industrial value and also it has agricultural value. The present study aims to identify the comparative profitability performance and weaknesses of selected tea companies in West Bengal. The study covers 10 tea companies operating in West Bengal. Out of which 6 are public sector tea companies and 4 are private sector tea companies. The study has been undertaken for the period of twelve years from 2014 to 2025. To analyse the comparative profitability of selected public sector and private sector tea companies, various accounting ratios have been used. Various statistical tools such as A.M., S.D., C.V., have been used to measure the comparative profitability and t-test has been used to test of significance.

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Profitability Analysis, Public Sector Tea Company, Private Sector Tea Company, Descriptive Statistics, t-test, Comparative Study

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Murraya paniculata (Rutaceae), commonly known as orange jasmine, is an evergreen shrub of considerable medicinal and economic importance. Members of the Rutaceae family are widely recognized for their edible fruits and essential oils, while M. paniculata has gained attention for its diverse pharmacological activities. Literature on the pharmacognostic features, phytochemical composition, and ethnomedicinal uses of M. paniculata was reviewed from various scientific databases. Reports indicate that its leaf extracts contain phenolic compounds, oxygenated flavonoids, flavanones, sesquiterpenoids, polymethoxy glycosides, and coumarins. Essential oils are rich in cyclocitral, methyl salicylate, trans-nerolidol, cubenol, isogermacrene, cadinol, and cubeb-11-ene. Traditional medicine describes the therapeutic use of its bark, leaves, and flowers. Pharmacological studies confirm multiple biological properties, including anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-implantation, cytotoxic, anti-diarrheal, antidepressant, and anxiolytic effects. The wide spectrum of activities suggests its potential as a source of novel therapeutic agents. Murraya paniculata exhibits remarkable pharmacognostic and phytopharmacological potential. Further scientific investigations focusing on its active constituents may contribute to the development of new drugs for managing infectious and metabolic disorders, thereby expanding its clinical relevance.

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Herbal plants, Murraya paniculata, Pharmacognosy, Therapeutic uses.

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 Abstract

Chatro Ki Suraksha Aur Shashtikaran Ke Liye Aatmaraksha Kaushal Ke Mahatva Ka Adhyan

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Chatro Ki Suraksha Aur Shashtikaran Ke Liye Aatmaraksha Kaushal Ke Mahatva Ka Adhyan

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Observation is a crucial aspect of case taking in homeopathy, allowing physicians to gather comprehensive information about a patient's physical, emotional, and mental state. This article highlights the importance of observation in homeopathic case taking, its key aspects, insights from homeopathic stalwarts, best practices, and impact on prescribing decisions.

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Homeopathy,Casetaking,Observations,Non-verbal cues Behavioral patterns, Physical characteristics, Emotional responses,Prescribing decisions, Remedy selection

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ABSTRACT Both industrialized and emerging nations are beginning to recognize the significance of the problem of economic inequality. By looking into this particular matter, the purpose of this study is to answer the question, "Does the correlation between income inequality and GDP growth vary with stage of development?" This is the question that this research intends to address. According to the findings of our sample of twenty nations, ten of which are developed and ten of which are developing, spanning the years 2000 to 2020, income inequality is a barrier to economic advancement all over the globe. On the other hand, it is rising countries that are feeling the effect far more intensely. Based on the findings of our study, we can conclude that the link between income inequality and economic development is not linear. This is because the negative impact of income disparity on economic growth grows exponentially worse beyond a certain level. An additional argument in favor of the non-linear nature of the connection is provided by this. Due to the fact that the threshold for vulnerability is lower in developing countries than it is in industrialized nations, vulnerability is more likely to occur in conditions that are less economically developed. There will be significant repercussions for public policy as a consequence of the findings, which indicate that developing countries, in particular, should make efforts to reduce income inequality if they want to foster sustainable economic growth.

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Keywords: Comparative Analysis, Developed and Developing Countries, Economic Growth, and Income Inequality

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ABSTRACT Our goal in doing this study is to learn how Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) affects job creation in developing countries by looking at both quantitative and qualitative indicators of labor market outcomes. Foreign direct investment (FDI) affects wage structures, job creation, and skill development across a number of industries; this research uses empirical data and theoretical frameworks to examine these effects. Management expertise, technology transfer, and access to global markets are a few ways in which foreign direct investment (FDI) may positively affect employment. Foreign direct investment (FDI) may have positive effects on economies, but it can also have negative consequences, such as job losses and pay inequality. For the purpose of identifying where FDI is most effective in generating employment opportunities, we examine regional and industry trends. A number of contextual elements are included in the research. These include human capital development, labor market flexibility, regulatory frameworks, and institution quality. How well foreign direct investment (FDI) creates long-term employment possibilities is affected by these variables. To help developing nations attract foreign direct investment (FDI) that will promote long-term economic development, this research offers practical insights into promoting inclusive growth, reducing unemployment, and improving the labor market overall. Cutting the unemployment rate would do this. It does this by highlighting legislative initiatives and exemplary practices.

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Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Employment Generation, Job Creation, Emerging Economies, Labor Market Outcomes, Wage Effects

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A socioeconomic study was conducted in the two mangroves of Cameroon with the objective of all the activities and livelihoods of populations and subsequently record their impact on the conservation and sustainable management of this ecosystem. The Rio Del Rey mangrove in the South-west region (Bakassi area) and the Cameroon estuary mangrove in the Douala region, include seven species that form the wood and non-wood floristic base in this environment. These comprise six indigenous mangroves species and one species introduced from Asia, the Nipa identifying palm (Nypa fructicans). The study underlines a multitude of sectors including those of halieutic (fishing) products, agricultural products, wood, shopkeeping and sand. Measures to manage the anarchic development of Nipa palm are suggested. For a sustainable management policy of Cameroonian mangroves, it is urgent to have laws and regulations specific to that ecosystem.

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mangroves, livelihoods, conservation, sustainable management, A socioeconomic study

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This study explores the impact of Thera-band and circuit training interventions on selected psychomotor variables, emphasizing their efficacy in enhancing motor skills, reaction time and balance. The research design incorporated pre- and post-test assessments, comparing the effects of the two training methods across experimental and control groups. Results indicated significant improvements in psychomotor performance for both intervention groups, with variations in the degree of enhancement depending on the specific variable. The findings suggest the potential of these training modalities in improving psychomotor functions in various populations.

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Thera-band training, circuit training, psychomotor variables, reaction time, balance.

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Epilepsy is a complex neurological disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite the availability of various antiepileptic drugs, there is still a need for more effective and safer therapeutic options. We employed a combination of in silico approaches to screen four phytochemical compounds (Apigenin, Cannabinol, Orientin, and Vitexin) for their potential as lead compounds in antiepileptic drug research The bioactivity prediction tool PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances) suggested that these compounds may possess antiepileptic properties. Molecular docking studies against the target protein Carbonic Anhydrase (PDB ID: 3FSE) revealed that Cannabinol exhibited the strongest binding affinity, followed by Apigenin and Vitexin. Additionally, SwissADME predictions indicated that these compounds adhere to drug-likeness criteria, as well as pharmacokinetic and bioavailability guidelines.

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PASS, Carbonic Anhydrase, Apigenin, Cannabinol, Orientin, and Vitexin

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The Vijayanagara Empire, once a formidable force in South India, has left a profound legacy across Karnataka, especially in terms of heritage tourism. This paper explores how the architectural, religious, and cultural contributions of the Vijayanagara rulers continue to attract domestic and international tourists, particularly through monuments like those at Hampi--a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Despite its immense potential, challenges in preservation, sustainable tourism infrastructure, and community involvement persist. This paper analyzes the historical legacy, current tourism dynamics, and future strategies for enhancing heritage tourism centered on Vijayanagara's cultural assets.

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Vijayanagara Empire, Hampi, Karnataka, Heritage Tourism, Cultural Legacy, Preservation, South India

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Health related problems such as eating disorders, obesity is found to be related with eating attitudes. In the present study, a non clinical sample of 75 adolescent males (16 to 18 years) of age were incorporated. All the participants were tested on measures of Eating Attitude Test, Multi Dimensional Perfectionism Scale, Barrat's Impulsivity Scale, Locus of Control, Body Esteem Scale, Body Shape Questionnaire and along with their BMI. For the purpose Kelly's (1935) method of principal axis was used for factorization of the correlation matrix to partial out to some extent the influence of the extraneous factors. The 21 variables were inter-correlated by means of product moment correlations and were subjected to factor analysis. Eight factors were found to account for the bulk of 70.92% of variance for males. Factors obtained were body strength, eating attitudes, individual control, parental expectation and control, powerful others, cognitive stability, cognitive complexity and motor aspects.

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Eating attitudes; Body Image; Cognitive Strength; Motor Control

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The dearth of water is now one of India's main issues as it develops. The rapidly growing population is also driving up demand. Even though India receives a lot of rainfall each year, which could help fulfil the water needs of its expanding population, much of the rainwater ends up as surface runoA because to poor infrastructure, a lack of awareness, and insuAicient legislation. This paper focuses on the villages of Poladpur Taluka in Raigad district, a region with high annual rainfall yet faces persistent water scarcity. The study investigates the region's historical evolution, topography, and current water conditions, along with its socio-cultural fabric and traditional practices. By analysing the intricate relationship between environmental conditions and community life, the paper explores how water scarcity has led to agricultural decline, weakened social structures, and triggered migration. These factors are deeply interconnected, as the loss of water security not only disrupts livelihoods but also erodes local customs, festivals, and collective identity. This research shows how water is not just a resource but also a key factor influencing the ecological equilibrium, longevity of culture, and social durability of the area through this multidisciplinary approach.

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Water Scarcity, Rainwater RunoA, Rural Maharashtra, Environment, Migration, Cultural Erosion.

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This study examines the school atmosphere and adaptation experiences of Grade XI students at SHRISHTI School, encompassing both Matriculation and Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) curriculum streams. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 624 enrolled students, with 470 participants responding (response rate: 75.3%). The research investigated five key dimensions: institutional selection factors, school atmosphere adaptation, peer relationships, teacher-student interactions, and learning environment satisfaction. Results indicate predominantly positive experiences across all measured dimensions, with 356 CBSE and 114 Matriculation students participating. The majority of students (89%) reported smooth or mostly positive transitions to the new school environment, while teacher-student relationships received exceptionally high ratings (93% excellent/good). However, areas for improvement were identified, particularly in peer relationship facilitation where 18 students reported feeling disconnected. These findings provide valuable insights for educational administrators seeking to enhance student integration and institutional effectiveness.

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School atmosphere, Student adaptation, Grade XI students, Teacher-student relationships, Educational transition

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Organ trafficking in India persists as a grave human rights violation, closely linked to widespread poverty and systemic inequality. This study explores how economic desperation compels marginalized individuals to become victims or participants in the illegal organ trade. Despite legal mechanisms like the Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act (THOTA), enforcement remains weak, and corruption often facilitates illicit transactions between brokers, medical personnel, and recipients. Through an analysis of case studies, socio-economic data, and policy gaps, this research highlights the structural drivers of organ trafficking in India. Also discussing the international convention of organ trafficking and how it violates human rights..It underscores the urgent need for a multidimensional policy response that includes poverty alleviation, public health education, legal reform, and stronger medical oversight. Addressing the root causes of vulnerability is critical for dismantling organ trafficking networks and protecting human dignity.

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Organ trafficking, poverty, India, THOTA, human rights, illegal organ trade, socioeconomic vulnerability, public health, legal enforcement, medical ethics

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Travancore, the erstwhile native state of India, was well pinpointed as a maritime country among the native states of colonial times. The long coastline of Travancore helped to extract revenue from customs duties. Along with agrarian output, it served for the financial progress of the State. The entry of Colonialism made matters worse. The British government passed the Free Interportal Trade Act in 1848. It freed the coasting trade from all customs duties on goods passing from one port to another within British India. The native states, including Travancore, suffered heavily on account of it. It led to negotiations between British India and the native states to remove the evil effects of the act. That course led to the formation of the Interportal Trade Convention in 1865. But it was targeted to conduct a serious drain on the revenue resources of Travancore from various sectors.

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Chowkey, Pandakasala, Thorums, Vijarippukar, Sirkar, Candy.

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Unemployment, according to International Labour Organization (ILO), is a state of not having a job but is available to work and actively looking for a work. One of the most socio-economic problems in Bihar, which has a large population, intense demographic pressure and a long-standing underdeveloped industrial base has been unemployment. Even after improvements in literacy, infrastructure and service-sector growth, Bihar still faces the challenge of providing adequate and sustainable job opportunities to growing youth population. To resolve this crisis, the state government over the last few years has started various policies such as initiatives to develop skills, policies to promote industries, special self-employment initiatives among others. This paper not only looks at the structural nature of unemployment in Bihar, but also analyzes the interventions by the government and their achievements and shortcomings.

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Unemployment, Types, Migration, Skill Development, Industrial Promotion, Entrepreneurship

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Reflective teaching is crucial in Indian schools and higher education for developing educators who are thoughtful and dedicated to high academic standards and accreditation. Recognized by educators and researchers as essential for effective teaching, reflective practice plays a key role. This study addresses important questions to improve our understanding of reflective teaching and its impact on becoming a reflective practitioner: Why should teachers understand reflection and its different aspects? Why is it important for teachers to engage in reflective learning and teaching throughout their careers? What benefits can come from using a reflective approach? The study aims to answer these questions and provide a clearer view of reflection, its components, and ways to support effective reflective teaching.

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Action, Refection, Reflection-in-action, Reflection-on-action, Reflection-for-action, Reflective Teaching, Teacher Education

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