Volume 13 | Issue 9

 Abstract

Breast cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer in women and is quite a number one cause of cancer death in the global context. Predicting patient survival is also important in enhancing patient outcomes by allowing certain assurance in predicting patient survival to assist in treatment planning. Traditional approaches to survival analysis, such as the Cox proportional hazards (CoxPH) model and Kaplan-Meier curves, have been widely employed, but the majority of them do not permit full description of nonlinear associations and multi component relationships among clinical variables. To address these weaknesses, researchers have gradually been shifting to machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) methods that have higher predictive capabilities, thus a higher degree of risk stratification. Certain models such as DeepCoxPH, Random Survival Forests (RSF) and enhanced gradient boosting models such as EXSA, proved to have higher concordance indices and enhanced prognostic with respect to classical models, both in SEER cohort, METABRIC cohort and in institutional cohort. Moreover, robust feature engineering, validation strategy, and novel prognostic indices have been appended to encourage the model reliability and readability. This survey studies these developments in the light of combination of statistical and computational approach in prediction of survival of breast cancer. The findings confirm the potentials of intelligent models to facilitate customized prognosis and guide accurate oncology and the need to merge heterogeneous clinical and molecular data to create a predictive framework that is intelligible and generalizable.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

DeepCoxPH, Random Survival Forest (RSF), Cox Proportional Hazards (CoxPH), Gradient Boosting (EXSA, CoxBoost), Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL), Breast Cancer Survival

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper investigates the flexural performance of Geopolymer Concrete (GPC) synthesized using lower-grade Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) under ambient curing conditions. The study focuses on the impact of varying sodium hydroxide molarity (6M, 8M, 10M, and 12M) in the alkaline activator solution on the flexural strength of the developed GPC mixes. GGBS with relatively lower reactivity, characterized by moderate specific surface area and CaO content, was employed to examine its viability in sustainable GPC applications. Mix proportions were kept constant across all samples with a binder-to-aggregate ratio of 1:2.5 and a liquid-to-binder ratio of 0.50. Specimens were tested for flexural strength after 7 and 28 days using a two-point loading configuration. The results indicate a consistent enhancement in flexural strength with increasing molarity of NaOH. At 28 days, Mix M1 (6M) exhibited a flexural strength of 2.48 MPa, which increased to 3.01 MPa for Mix M4 (12M), reflecting a 21.37% improvement. This trend was similarly observed in 7-day results, although with comparatively lower strength values. The rise in molarity enhances geopolymerization, leading to better bonding and denser microstructure, thereby improving mechanical performance. However, strength gains beyond 10M were marginal, suggesting a saturation threshold for molar concentration benefits. The findings support the use of low-grade GGBS as a viable binder in GPC production for flexural applications, offering a pathway for industrial waste utilization and sustainability in concrete construction.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Flexural Performance of Geopolymer Concrete, Lower-Grade Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag, Sodium Hydroxide, Alkaline and Flexural Strength

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease significantly impacting patients' quality of life and functional capacity. While conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) remain the cornerstone of treatment, complementary interventions like yoga have gained attention for their potential therapeutic benefits. Objective: To systematically review and analyze the effects of yoga-based interventions on clinical, immunological, and molecular outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 331 participants with rheumatoid arthritis were included. Studies evaluated yoga interventions ranging from 8 to 12 weeks compared to usual care or educational control groups. Primary outcomes included disease activity scores (DAS28-ESR), health-related quality of life measures, and various biomarkers. Data synthesis was performed using standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Meta-analysis revealed significant improvements in disease activity (pooled SMD: -0.52, 95% CI: -0.78 to -0.26, p < 0.001) and fatigue scores (SMD: -0.48, 95% CI: -0.72 to -0.24, p < 0.001). Yoga interventions demonstrated beneficial effects on inflammatory markers, including IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-?, while enhancing anti-inflammatory cytokines like TGF-? and IL-10. Molecular analyses revealed improved mitochondrial function, normalized T cell populations, and favorable gene expression patterns. Conclusions: Yoga-based interventions show promise as adjunctive therapy for rheumatoid arthritis, with evidence supporting improvements in disease activity, fatigue, and immune function. However, the limited number of studies and moderate quality of evidence necessitate further high-quality randomized controlled trials to establish definitive clinical recommendations.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Yoga, Rheumatoid arthritis, Inflammation, Anti-inflammatory

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research investigates the development of low-grade geopolymer concrete (GPC) using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) as a complete replacement for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), focusing on compressive and splitting tensile strength. Three nominal grades--M15, M20, and M25--were prepared using alkaline activation with sodium hydroxide (8M) and sodium silicate in a 2.5:1 ratio. The mixes were cured under ambient conditions, eliminating the need for external heat or steam curing, and their mechanical behavior was assessed at 7, 14, and 28 days. The M25 mix achieved the highest compressive strength of 33.64 MPa at 28 days, followed by M20 at 28.35 MPa and M15 at 23.87 MPa, while in terms of tensile strength, M25 also performed best with a splitting tensile value of 3.12 MPa, followed by M20 with 2.76 MPa and M15 with 2.43 MPa at 28 days. Strength gain increased gradually over time across all mixes, confirming the pozzolanic and long-term hydration effects of GGBS. These results demonstrate that GGBS-based low-grade geopolymer concrete exhibits sufficient strength characteristics for structural applications and offers a sustainable alternative to conventional OPC concrete, confirming that replacing cement entirely with GGBS is feasible without compromising mechanical integrity. Additionally, this approach significantly contributes to reducing CO? emissions and promoting eco-friendly construction, setting a foundation for large-scale adoption of GGBS-based GPC in civil infrastructure.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Low-Grade Geopolymer Concrete, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag, Ordinary Portland Cement, tensile strength, and sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Effective and systematic prioritization of functional requirements is critical and crucial for successful software development, especially in complex projects. Most traditional methods often overlook the linguistic nuances of requirement specifications, such as modal verbs, which convey varying levels of priority. This study explores the integration of modal verb analysis with machine learning classifiers to automate the prioritization process. Functional requirements are classified into High, Medium, and Low priority levels based on the presence of modal verbs such as must, will, should, would, may, can, might. Using a dataset of 375 requirement descriptions from 25 different projects, we employed TF-IDF vectorization for feature extraction and evaluated various classifiers including Random Forest, Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, and Linear SVM. Linear SVM emerged as the best-performing model, achieving 96% accuracy with superior precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. This work demonstrates the potential of Natural Language Processing features and Machine Learning to enhance requirement prioritization, making software development workflows more efficient and automated

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Functional Requirement Prioritization, Modal Verbs, Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, Requirement Engineering, TF-IDF Vectorization, Linear SVM, Classifier Comparison, Software Development, Automated Prioritization

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

ABSTRACT Paramedic professionals play a vital role in rural West Bengal's healthcare system, often becoming the first and only point of care in underserved communities. This study explores the challenges they face--not just through the lens of infrastructure and training gaps, but by situating their work within broader ecological, cultural, and indigenous frameworks. Rural paramedics operate in fragile environments shaped by poor sanitation, climate-sensitive diseases, and water insecurity, all of which complicate healthcare delivery. Their work is further affected by global influences such as workforce migration, digital divides, and the tension between local realities and homogeneous global training protocols. Beyond these structural concerns, the study highlights how paramedics engage with indigenous health knowledge, community beliefs, and traditional caregiving practices--creating unique models of resilience and care deeply rooted in local ecology and rural cosmologies. It also evaluates the adoption of sustainable technologies like solar power and eco-friendly biomedical waste management in these contexts. Using a mixed-method approach that combines policy analysis with oral narratives and field-based insights, the paper argues for a culturally grounded and environmentally responsive public health framework. It calls for policies that not only build skills and resources but also recognize the wisdom and lived experiences of rural paramedics as essential to sustainable healthcare in ecologically vulnerable regions.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Key Words: Rural Healthcare, Paramedic Professionals, Indigenous Knowledge, Ecological Vulnerability, Sustainable Healthcare, Cultural Narratives, Public Health Policy, Climate-Sensitive Disease, Biomedical Waste Management, Global-Local Healthcare Integration

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mandibular condylar fractures account for a significant proportion of maxillofacial injuries and present complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their anatomical and functional importance. Traditional open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) ensures anatomical restoration but is associated with facial nerve injury, scarring, and morbidity, whereas closed reduction may result in suboptimal alignment and dysfunction. Endoscopic-assisted repair has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative that combines improved visualization with reduced soft tissue trauma, offering excellent functional and esthetic outcomes. Advances such as rigid angled endoscopes, CAD/CAM-designed patient-specific plates, and navigation-assisted surgery have enhanced accuracy and fixation stability, particularly in complex fractures. Clinical evidence indicates lower complication rates, rapid restoration of temporomandibular joint function, and superior patient satisfaction. Despite limitations in comminuted or severely displaced fractures, ongoing technological innovations and improved surgeon training are positioning endoscopic-assisted repair as a preferred modality for condylar fracture management.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mandibular condyle, Endoscopic-assisted repair, Minimally invasive surgery, CAD/CAM implants, Maxillofacial fractures

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Gold has always been perceived as a reliable and safe investment option, particularly during times of financial uncertainty. With rapid technological growth and the emergence of financial technology platforms, the traditional practice of investing in physical gold has undergone a transformation, giving rise to digital gold investment. This mode of investment allows individuals to buy, hold, and sell gold electronically, backed by actual physical reserves, thus combining the security of traditional gold with the convenience of modern technology. This article aims to explore two critical dimensions of digital gold investment. First, it seeks to identify the key financial reasons that motivate investors to prefer digital gold over its physical counterpart. These financial drivers include affordability through fractional ownership, cost efficiency by eliminating making charges and storage costs, high liquidity through instant redemption options, portfolio diversification benefits, and transparency of pricing linked to global gold markets. Such advantages have made digital gold particularly attractive to small and medium investors who may not have the capacity to purchase larger quantities of physical gold. Second, the article examines the influence of behavioral finance factors on investor decisions. Traditional finance suggests investors act rationally; however, behavioral finance demonstrates that cognitive biases, emotions, and social factors often drive financial choices. In the case of digital gold, trust in fintech platforms, herd behavior influenced by peers and media, risk aversion during economic instability, mental accounting practices, and overconfidence in personal investment skills all play a crucial role. These behavioral dimensions explain why many investors are drawn to digital gold even beyond its financial advantages. The study concludes that investment in digital gold is shaped by a blend of economic logic and psychological tendencies. While financial motives ensure accessibility, liquidity, and efficiency, behavioral factors reinforce the decision-making process by providing emotional reassurance and perceived security. Together, these factors highlight the growing relevance of digital gold as a mainstream investment option, especially for the younger, tech-savvy generation seeking flexible and transparent wealth-building opportunities.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital Gold, Financial Motivations, Behavioral Finance, Fintech Platforms, Portfolio Diversification, Investor Psychology, Liquidity, Trust in Technology

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Evaluation of Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay's "Philosophical Thought-Culture"

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Evaluation of Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay's "Philosophical Thought-Culture"

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The interplay between politics, power, and individual agency forms a cornerstone of Indian English literature, particularly in the works of Nayantara Sahgal and Raja Rao. This study examines the social and political contexts embedded in their novels, focusing on how protagonists navigate the turbulent landscapes of colonial and post-colonial India. Sahgal, drawing from her Nehru-Gandhi family background, infuses her narratives with critiques of post-independence corruption, authoritarianism, and gender dynamics, as seen in novels like Rich Like Us (1985) and Mistaken Identity (1988). Her protagonists, often elite women or intellectuals, grapple with personal crises amid national upheavals, such as the Emergency period under Indira Gandhi, highlighting the erosion of democratic ideals and the abuse of power. In contrast, Raja Rao's metaphysical approach blends Gandhian philosophy with spiritual quests, portraying politics as a pathway to self-realization in works like Kanthapura (1938) and The Serpent and the Rope (1960). His protagonists, typically Brahmin seekers, embody the fusion of social activism and inner enlightenment, reflecting the Gandhian non-violent resistance against colonial rule and the broader search for truth in a divided society. Through a comparative lens, this article reveals convergences and divergences: both authors use protagonists to symbolize national aspirations and failures, yet Sahgal emphasizes secular, feminist critiques of power structures, while Rao integrates Advaita philosophy and folklore to transcend political materialism. The analysis draws on historical contexts, including the freedom struggle, partition, and post-Nehru disillusionment, to argue that these novels not only document India's socio-political evolution but also interrogate the protagonist's role as a mediator between individual freedom and collective destiny. By exploring themes of power dynamics, social hierarchies, and moral decay, the study underscores how Sahgal and Rao contribute to a nuanced understanding of identity in modern India. Ultimately, their works serve as cautionary tales, urging readers to reflect on the perils of unchecked authority and the enduring quest for ethical governance in a diverse nation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Indian English literature, politics, power dynamics, protagonists, Nayantara Sahgal, Raja Rao, social contexts

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The global index of disease analysis indicates there is high risk of mortality and risk of lifelong damage at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and paediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Global burden of neonatal mortality, with many newborn babies dying of preventable and treatable conditions, particularly in low and middle-income countries is very high. Parents staying with their child in the PICU have particular needs that should be acknowledged and responded to by clinicians. The researcher in the current study seeks to understand the meaning of lived experience i.e. known as phenomenology.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) , Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), Neonatal mortality , Global burden of disease , Preventable conditions ' Treatable conditions

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The stabilization of expansive soils, characterized by high plasticity, poses significant challenges in geotechnics due to their substantial volume changes and low strength. Recent advancements have introduced alkali-activated binders and geopolymers--derived from industrial by-products like fly ash, slag, metakaolin, rice husk ash, and zeolitic materials--as sustainable alternatives to traditional lime and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) for soil stabilization. This review consolidates both laboratory and field findings regarding the durability of geopolymer-stabilized expansive soils, examining their resistance to wetting-drying and wetting-soaking cycles, sulfate attacks, freeze-thaw cycles, leaching, long-term strength retention, and microstructural changes. We compare these mechanisms with conventional stabilizers, summarize the testing methods and durability metrics employed in existing literature, identify knowledge gaps (including standardization, long-term field monitoring, and the influence of local materials and activators), and propose research priorities for infrastructure applications. Key findings indicate that geopolymer stabilization generally enhances immediate strength, minimizes swell and shrinkage, and exhibits promising resistance to chemical and moisture cycles in contrast to OPC and lime. However, durability is highly dependent on precursor chemistry, Si/Al ratios, activator types and concentrations, curing conditions, and the presence of sulfates or chlorides. Evidence of multi-year field performance remains limited and necessitates coordinated long-term monitoring.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

geopolymer, alkali-activated binder, expansive soil, durability, wetting-drying, sulfate attack, long-term performance

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This literature review explores the rising phenomenon of screen overuse, particularly smartphone addiction, and its effects on physical, psychological, and social health. Excessive screen time has been linked to behavioral addiction, sleep disturbances, visual strain, and lifestyle-related disorders such as obesity and depression. [4,9] A systematic search of modern medical and homeopathic literature was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The review highlights the neurobiological basis of screen addiction, complications including mental health disorders, and effective preventive strategies like digital detox, physical exercise, and mindfulness practices. [5,6] From a homeopathic perspective, screen overuse is viewed as a manifestation of underlying constitutional susceptibility, with remedies like Nux vomica, Coffea cruda, and Aconite providing symptomatic relief[11,16] This paper aims to provide an integrated understanding for clinicians and researchers, while suggesting areas for future research.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

screen addiction, smartphone overuse, digital detox, lifestyle modification, homeopathy, behavioral health.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

ABSTRACT Urban and semi-urban academic campuses serve as crucial green refuges for avian populations, especially in arid regions like the Thar Desert. This study presents the first systematic assessment of the avian diversity at the G.H.S. Government College campus in Sujangarh, Rajasthan. Conducted over a period from September 2024 to April 2025, the research aimed to document the species composition, their seasonal variation, and conservation status. Using the line transect method and systematic observation points, a total of 49 bird species across 30 families were recorded. The assemblage was dominated by resident species along with few summer and winter visitors also reported, reflecting the campus resource availability. The presence of species like Cattle egret (Ardea coromanda) and the Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) underscores the campus ecological value. However, species of conservation concern, such as the Egyptian Vulture (Neophron percnopterus; Endangered), were also observed utilizing the area as a flyover zone. This study concludes that the college campus, with its mosaic of gardens, scattered trees, and built-up areas, functions as a vital micro-habitat for local avifauna. The findings highlight the importance of urban biodiversity conservation and recommend specific green management practices to enhance the campus's value for wildlife.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Avian diversity, Urban ecology, College campus, Sujangarh, Thar Desert, Micro-habitat, Conservation, Green refuge, Resident birds, Line transect.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Folk deities serve as the custodians of indigenous faith, embodying the spiritual consciousness of rural communities and weaving together the intricate tapestry of cultural heritage. Among such revered deities, Sri Sri Maa Shitala occupies a place of profound significance in Bengal's religious landscape, venerated as the divine protectress against epidemics and a harbinger of health and well-being. This paper delves into the rich cultural and historical dimensions of the Sri Sri Maa Shitala Puja in Rangamatia village, nestled in the Bamangola block of Malda district, West Bengal. Established in 1965 by the esteemed Biswas family, this sacred tradition has transcended its humble origins, evolving into a grand spectacle of collective devotion, drawing thousands of fervent worshippers each year. Rooted in oral tradition and mythological reverence, the puja is an embodiment of the interplay between faith and traditional medical beliefs. Maa Shitala, often depicted seated on a donkey and carrying a broom, neem leaves, and a pot of cooling water, symbolizes both disease and its cure, reinforcing the age-old understanding of balance and purification. The rituals associated with her worship, including the practice of Arandhan (a day of complete abstinence from cooking), the offering of Sinni prasad, and the communal observances, reflect the deep-seated folk wisdom that intertwines spirituality with public health practices. Beyond its religious essence, this annual observance has undergone a profound sociological transformation, shifting from a localized village ritual to an expansive congregation of faith that parallels major Hindu festivals. The research explores how this enduring tradition continues to thrive, fostering intergenerational participation, reinforcing social unity, and preserving Bengal's rich folk heritage amidst the tides of modernization. Through an interdisciplinary lens, this study seeks to illuminate the enduring legacy, ritualistic nuances, and societal impact of this 65-year-old sacred tradition, underscoring its pivotal role in shaping communal identity and spiritual resilience.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Shitala Puja, Folk Deity, Traditional Medical Beliefs, Arandhan Ritual, Sinni Prasad, Socio-Religious Transformation, Mass Participation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Eco-epidemiological models are critical for understanding the intricate interplay between ecological and epidemiological processes in ecosystems. This study focuses on a prey-predator model that includes a prey species and the susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR) epidemiological framework. Integrating these processes provides insight into how disease transmission affects population stability and predator-prey communications. We use mathematical and computational tools to analyze the model and find important thresholds and conditions that result in diverse environmental and epidemiological effects. Our findings emphasize the relevance of disease control and ecological conservation techniques in preserving ecosystem equilibrium

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Eco-epidemiological model, predator-prey dynamics, SEIR (Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered) model, disease spreading, population stability, mathematical modeling. Epidemiologic thresholds, Environmental protection, Lyapunov function

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Climate Resilient Agriculture

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

ABSTRACT: In the modern world e-commerce is emerging as a biggest player and is contributing towards growth and development of the economy. The rapid expansion of e-commerce has significantly transformed the global retail landscape, leading to a notable decline in traditional brick-and-mortar retail formats. This study aims to explore how the rise of e-commerce has significantly influenced traditional retail by analysing consumer trends and traditional retailers' experiences. It also examines the challenges faced by traditional retailers in adapting to digital disruption and the strategies some have adopted to remain competitive. It will provide insights into the future of retail, emphasizing the growing importance of hybrid business models, digital transformation, and customer-centric approaches. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the ongoing shift in the retail sector and its implications for businesses, consumers, and policymakers.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: E-commerce, Physical stores, Retail and Digital Age.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

LoRa (Long Range) technology has emerged as a highly efficient low-power wireless communication standard capable of supporting long-distance data transmission, making it suitable for defense and critical monitoring applications. In modern military operations, continuous health monitoring and accurate geolocation of soldiers are essential to ensure safety and enhance mission outcomes. This study presents a low-power LoRa-based soldier safety mechanism that integrates biomedical sensors with GPS tracking for real-time data acquisition and transmission. The system utilizes sensors to measure vital health parameters such as heart rate, pulse rate, and body temperature, while GPS provides precise geolocation data. All collected information is processed by a microcontroller and transmitted through a LoRa transceiver to a base station for continuous monitoring. In emergency situations, anomalies in health readings or the activation of a panic button generate immediate alerts, enabling faster medical response and tactical decision-making. The proposed design demonstrates a reliable, cost-effective solution to safeguard soldier lives and optimize battlefield strategies.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

LoRa, IoT, Soldier Safety, GPS Tracking, Health Monitoring, Wireless Communication, Panic Button, Low-Power System.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition