Volume 12 | Issue 8

 Abstract

The present study is focussed on Indian contribution to autism research indexed in Scopus database during 2003 -2022. United States is the most predominant country with 30206 (31.96%). The United Kingdom appeared in the second rank with 9828 (10.39%) publications. Canada has occupied the third position with 4752 (5.02%) communications. It is noted that India occupies ninth place with 2096 (2.21%) publications out of the top twenty-five countries in the Autism research domain. The growth rate shows that the number of records in 2003 is 7 only and in 2022, it is 433 and the growth rate shows a fluctuating trend during the study period. The relative growth rate and doubling time is also fluctuating during the study period. Activity Index assess the research effort of a country in a specific field for a specific time. AI shows fluctuating for the study period.

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Scientometric Analysis, Autism Research, Relative Growth Rate (RGR), Doubling Time (DT), Activity Index (AI)

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Applications for contact tracking have been developed by researchers to automatically identify contacts who may be compromised by the index case. In order to stop the virus's spread, numerous researchers have taken advantage of the Internet of Things' artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities for early identification and surveillance of possible cases. In this investigation we are going to learn how IOT is involved in virus detection.

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IOT in virus detection

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Phyllodes tumors of the breast are known to be an uncommon and peculiar disease to treat because of the ambiguity of the diagnosis and the unpredictability of its evolution . We report here a case of a 54-year-old patient presenting with an ulcerating-bourgeoning lesion of the left breast . The diagnosis was confirmed by histological study. Surgical management was indicted.

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Phyllodes tumors , breast tumors

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Lenvatinib, a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has shown promising anticancer activity against various malignancies. However, its clinical application is hindered by poor aqueous solubility, low bioavailability, and off-target toxicity. To address these limitations, liposomal drug delivery systems have emerged as an effective strategy to improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of anticancer agents. In this study, we developed and characterized a novel liposomal formulation encapsulating Lenvatinib, aiming to enhance its therapeutic efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. The liposomes were prepared using a thin-film hydration method and optimized for particle size, encapsulation efficiency, and stability. Physicochemical characterization demonstrated uniform size distribution, high drug loading, and sustained release kinetics. In vitro studies revealed enhanced cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of Lenvatinib-loaded liposomes compared to free drug in various cancer cell lines. Furthermore, in vivo pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies demonstrated prolonged circulation time and increased accumulation of Lenvatinib in tumor tissues following liposomal administration. Moreover, the liposomal formulation exhibited superior antitumor efficacy and reduced systemic toxicity in xenograft mouse models compared to the free drug. Overall, our findings suggest that the developed Lenvatinib-loaded liposomal formulation holds great promise as a targeted and efficacious anticancer therapy, warranting further preclinical and clinical investigations. This study highlights the potential of Lenvatinib-loaded liposomes as a promising approach for the targeted delivery of Lenvatinib, offering enhanced therapeutic efficacy and improved safety profile in the treatment of solid tumors.

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Lenvatinib, Liposomes. Anticancer, Drug delivery, Tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Formulation, Encapsulation, Nanomedicine, Targeted therapy.

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Cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin are common platinum-based medicines used to treat cancer through chemotherapy. Platinum medicines' side effects, including low selectivity, significant systemic toxicity, and drug resistance, severely limit their clinical use. Recent breakthroughs in nanotechnology and chemical synthesis have led to significant progress in the treatment of cancer with Pt-based medicines. Several tactics, comparable to cisplatin's anti-cancer action, have been successful in altering current platinum medicines. Platinum nanoclusters, a type of nanodrug, have demonstrated promising clinical results in tumor-targeted therapy due to their new anti-cancer actions. This review analyzes the clinical development of first-line platinum chemotherapy medicines and their anti-cancer mechanisms. These treatments are frequently used in conjunction with other anticancer therapies. For example, colorectal cancer is frequently treated with the FOLFOX regimen. This regimen combines oxaliplatin with two other drugs: fluorouracil and folinic acid, Cisplatin was the first drug of this class to be identified. It has been used to treat cancer for over 40 years (Trusted Source). More recently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved oxaliplatin and carboplatin to treat a wide range of malignancies. Researchers are still investigating the potential benefits of newer platinum-based chemotherapy drugs including nedaplatin and lobaplatinTrusted Source. Researchers believe that future medications can reduce the side effects.

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platinum compounds, side effects , anticancer , chemotherapy

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The objective of the study is to evaluate patient's understanding and experiences of patient-centered counseling practices at various pharmacy outlets from their own perspectives. Method: Across-sectional study was undertaken in Anand and the surrounding area, Gujarat, India, involving the distribution of questionnaires to several hospital and community pharmacy stores further conducting a survey to assess whether patient counseling in both hospital and community pharmacies is being performed adequately or not. This survey aims to evaluate patient's guidance in hospital and community pharmacies. Data was collected from 200 patients in each setting and then it was analyzed by chi-square analysis. Result: The survey revealed that 53% of hospital and 45% of community patients lack awareness of medication precautions. Regarding advice on missing medication doses, hospitals guides approximately 67% of cases, while community pharmacies do so in around 54% of cases. Over-the-counter medication is discussed in 72% of hospital cases and 65% of community cases. Additionally, 44% of hospital and 57% of community patient's report not receiving any extra resources. Discussions about possible side effects are reported by 39% of hospital patients and 33% of community patients. The study found that the null hypothesis was accepted for warning, additional resources, over-the-counter medication, and side effects, indicating no significant effect. However, it was rejected for missed doses, suggesting a significant effect. Key aspects explored includes the frequency and depth of counseling interactions, patients' comfort levels with pharmacists, perceived impact on medication understanding and adherence ,and overall satisfaction with the counseling experience.

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Hospital pharmacy, Community pharmacy, Patient satisfaction, Medication error, Patient counseling.

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ISSUES OF SOCIAL OUTCAST & EXCLUSION IN VICTORIAN ERA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE CHARACTER OF PIP IN GREAT EXPECTATIONS BY CHARLES DICKENS - A STUDY

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Victorian Era, Exclusion, Social Outcast, Great Expectations, Charles Dickens

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This paper critically examines the philosophical and ethical dimensions of Indian art practices about environmental degradation. By analyzing Mughal miniature paintings, Pattachitra scrolls, and the works of Raja Ravi Varma, it explores how these artistic forms address themes of environmental management, exploitation, and the visualization of ecological consequences. This study situates historical and artistic responses within contemporary environmental discourse, arguing for their continued relevance and impact on modern environmental issues.

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ethical considerations, environmental degradation, environmental justice, human-nature relationship, industrialisation, interconnectedness, sustainability, traditional art forms.

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Vehicle identification and classification are crucial for applications such as traffic management, security, and automated systems. This study presents a novel approach to vehicle identification and classification using advanced image processing techniques and machine learning algorithms. Specifically, the method employs Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for feature extraction and classification, leveraging deep learning to analyze and differentiate vehicles based on make, model, and other distinguishing characteristics. To enhance the robustness of the system, algorithms such as Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) for feature extraction and Support Vector Machines (SVM) for classification are integrated. These techniques address challenges posed by varying vehicle shapes, sizes, and environmental conditions, improving the accuracy and reliability of the identification system. The proposed method is evaluated against traditional approaches, demonstrating superior performance in terms of precision, robustness, and processing efficiency. This approach not only advances vehicle recognition technology but also supports improved traffic management and security applications, contributing to more effective and efficient transportation systems.

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Vehicle Identification, Vehicle Classification, Image Processing, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Feature Extraction, Deep Learning, Traffic Management, Security Systems, Machine Learning Algorithms, Automated Systems.

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Mythology is not mere tales read and told as bed time stories for pleasure, they contain aspects of human truth and conduct. Each mythological story and the characters in it shed light upon various human values, morale and conduct. The mythological charcters, victories, follies, decisions, and every single aspect of mythology that binds mythology into a whole symbolises the ethics, human conduct, life lessons and moral values to all the generations to come. There are umpteen versions of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata today. Majority of the narratives that are written are male-centered, but not to forget in recent times there are works of mythology focussing on women narratives. Broadly speaking Indian Mythology is in itself patriarchal in nature. What about the women characters then, do they exist? Aren't the women in Mythology important? What role do they play? The answer to all of these questions is Yes, women do exist and play a pivotal role in mythology. But women in mythology are seldom main stream characters and are mostly side-lined. Women in Indian mythology are mostly showcased as an epitome of beauty, devotion, kindness, chastity, sacrifice and so on. There are quite a few narratives of mythology from women's perspective but we barely come across or pay attention to such narratives, may be because we are so indulged and focussed on defending the central male characters that have been told to us since time immemorial and this is where we have neglected the female characters of the epic.

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Mythology, Women, Re-defining, Warrior, Re-telling

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The National Food Security Act, 2013 is being implemented in all the States/UTs, on an all-India basis. Out of maximum coverage of 81.35 crore, around 80.04 crore persons are covered under NFSA at present for receiving highly subsidized foodgrains. Coverage under the Act is under two categories - households covered under Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) and Priority households (PHH). The monthly entitlement of foodgrains is 5 kg per person for eligible households under 'priority' category and 35 kg per family for AAY households. Beneficiaries under the Act are entitled for subsidized foodgrains at `3/2/1 per kg for rice/wheat/coarse grains for an initial period of three years from the date of commencement of the Act (July 5, 2013). Thereafter, prices were to be fixed by the Central Government from time to time, but not exceeding MSP. Government decided from time to time to continue the above-mentioned subsidized prices under NFSA. Central Government has now decided to provide foodgrains free of cost to the 81.35 crore NFSA beneficiaries i.e. AAY Families and PHH persons for one year from 01.01.2023 to 31.12.2023. The decision is taken to strengthen the provisions of NFSA in terms of accessibility, affordability and availability of entitled foodgrains for the poor and ensure effective and uniform implementation of National Food Security Act 2013 (ONE NATION-ONE PRICE-ONE RATION). The additional cost of making foodgrains free of cost to the NFSA beneficiaries will be borne by Government of India. Notification to this effect was published in the Gazette of India on 30.12.2022.

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Agriculture, Food Security, Environment, Nutrition Security

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The invasion of Assam by Mir Jumla during the mid-17th century under Emperor Aurangzeb's reign marked a significant chapter in the region's history. This invasion, led by the military general and subahdar of Bengal, profoundly impacted Assam's socio-political and economic landscape. While primarily aimed at expanding Mughal territory, the campaign had far-reaching economic consequences that reshaped Assam's agrarian and trade systems. This paper delves into the economic aftermath of Mir Jumla's invasion, examining the immediate and long-term impacts on Assam's economy. By analysing the destruction of agricultural productivity, disruption of trade, imposition of heavy tributes, and forced displacement of populations, this study highlights how the invasion contributed to a period of economic stagnation and decline. Additionally, the resilience and recovery strategies of the Ahom administration are explored, emphasizing the enduring strength of their socio-political systems.

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Mir Jumla, Mughal Empire, Ahom Kingdom, Assam, economic impact, invasion, agricultural productivity

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Profit is one of the primary objectives of any business concern irrespective of level of size, type of business, ownership, nature of business, sector, investment, etc. As business organisations use various resources to carry out its activities to generate income, incur expenses so as to earn profit. The profit earned by the concern only element which decide the efficiency of the concern, though other elements are also important. More profit indicates greater efficiency in utilization of the organizational resources, which are belongs to the society. Hence, all the business organisations are expected to earn more profits or at least reasonable profits to prove its efficiency over other non-profitable business concerns. Analysis of profitability of the business organization is essential as it highlight the efficiency of the organisations so that the society identify the best concerns in utilizing the social resources so as to allocate more economic resources. Present study is undertaken to study the profitability in relation to Net Sales in Five important Central Public Sector Maharathna Companies namely, Coal India, ONGC, IOC, SAIL, NTPC during 2012-13 to 2021-22. Various tools such as Trend Analysis and Ratios such as, Gross Profit Ratio, Operating Profit Ratio, Cash Profit Ratio and Net Profit Ratio were calculated and analysed to study the Profitability in relation to Sales of the Selected Companies.

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Trend Analysis, Gross Profit, Operating Profit, Cash Profit, Net Profit

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. Cancer actually refers to a group of many related diseases that all have to do with cells. These cells tend to grow without control and exhibit an inadequate, inappropriate blood supply. Also, there is a core of cells subjected to microenvironmental stresses, which possess lower apoptotic potential through genetic alterations and therefore render them resistant to apoptosis. Cancer is among the leading causes of death in the world where the figures of cancer patients are increasing day by day. Cancer is a major public health problem whose estimated world new incidence rate is about 6 million cases annually or this makes it rank second after cardiovascular diseases as cause of deaths. Chemotherapy still remains as the main treatment mode for various cancers. Several synthetic anti-cancer drugs are available; however, its clinical use is limited by its side effects and drug interactions being a major drawback in their clinical use. Most currently used chemotherapy drugs against cancers are found to develop resistance, show non-selective toxicity towards normal cells and thus limit themselves through dose-related side effects. Therefore, cancer therapy and drug development for this disease remains one of the most serious tasks in clinical practice. On other hand plants could be a very good source bearing extremely valuable biologically active natural products which can have commercial usefulness.

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Abstract: The study aims empirically to analyze the effectiveness of state government expenditure on health and health outcome indicators. The study was conducted in the 15 major states of India from 2000 to 2021. The data was collected from the Reserve Bank of India, MHRD, NSO, and RGI. The study applied a fixed-effect panel data model. The Public Health and Medical and Family welfare expenditure and per capita income are used as independent variables as LEBM, LEBF, and IMR are used as outcome indicators. The empirical results show that there is a positive result for LEBM and LEBF. In the case of IMR, the results showed a negative sign which means reduction. To attain the goals of sustainable development it is essential to study the importance of state-wise public expenditure on health. It suggests that increasing public expenditure is more important to enhance health outcomes.

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per capita expenditure on health, per capita income, LEBM, LEBF, IMR, Fixed effects model

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SNS are the Web site that enables users to create public profiles within that Web site and form relationships with other users of the same Web site who access their profile. These include Facebook, Google Plus, Twitter, LinkedIn etc. SNSs can be used to describe community-based Web sites, online discussions forums, chartrooms and other social spaces online. Now a days students are using social networking sites very frequently in their day-to-day life. In this paper, the researcher tries to identify the student's attitude (students, who are exposed to the social networking sites throughout the daily life styles) towards their life skills development. This paper also identifies the mostly common SNSs used by the students. The study is the descriptive survey where the sample size for the study will be the 50 undergraduate students from the Colleges of Jhajjar district of Haryana. Researcher delimited the study with eight core life skill and adapted the standard Questionnaires (ATLSS). The findings of the study were that most commonly used SNSs by the students are "WhatsApp" and the participant's attitude is positive towards all life skills. They are developing their maximum life skills irrespective use of Social Networking Sites usage in their life. In the result there is 48% of the participants, unable to cope up with that stress and emotions.

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STUDENT'S ATTITUDE ON SOCIAL NETWORKING SITE (SNS) FOR LIFE SKILLS DEVELOPMENT

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Comparator, Static Latch Comparator, Dynamic Latch Comparator, DTDLC

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The Changing Landscape of Higher Education: E-learning, Gamification, and COVID-19 J Mohana Valli Lecturer in English Govt.Degree College for Women Madanapalle Abstract COVID-19 has resulted in schools shut down all across the world. As a result, education has changed dramatically, with the distinctive rise of e-learning whereby teaching is undertaken remotely and on digital platforms. It has impacted teaching, learning, and research throughout the world. This paper introduces you, to how education technology is integrated into education during this pandemic and it describes the advantages and challenges of e-learning. Rise in the new concept of gamification and blended learning in post-COVID scenarios. Technology has become a tool in the teaching and learning process. Since studies have shown that children extensively use their senses to learn, making learning fun and effective through the use of technology is crucial and COVID-19 enhances gamification in the teaching-learning process. We need technology in every classroom and every student and teacher's hand, because it is the pen and paper of our time, and it is the lens through which we experience much of our world and it is the best way to understand diversity in learning styles to face. It helps the students to face the real world. Students and teachers benefit from e-books, and digital textbooks that are always updated, helpful, creative, and cheaper. Sharing of knowledge is possible and distance is no more a barrier now and learning is enhanced without hindrance. It enabled learners to learn different subjects of interest. Classroom technology has transformed teachers into advisers, encouragers, and facilitators in higher education. The major aim of introducing and implementing the New Education Policy -2020 is to enhance the quality of education equally for all and to move in the direction of strengthening India as a global superpower. Integrating technology in education opens resources for all equally and may lead to quality of education.

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Keywords- Digital platforms - pandemic- gamification

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The design of a satisfactory bituminous mix is a complex task due to the wide variation in properties of its constituents such as bitumen, coarse and fine aggregate, filler, etc. The design also depends on the shape and gradation of the aggregates. Flexible pavement with bituminous surfacing is commonly used in Indian highways. Distress symptoms, such as cracking, rutting, etc., are increasingly caused earlier by high traffic intensity, over loading of vehicles and significant variations in daily and seasonal temperature of the pavement. Investigations have revealed that modifiers can be used to improve properties of bitumen and bituminous mixes to make it more suitable for road construction. Also there are many other materials that may be tried as modifiers in bitumen. This paper reports an investigation carried out on Bituminous Concrete mixes corresponding to grade-1, prepared using midpoint gradation for aggregate combined index of 30% using Lime Sludge as modifier. The conventional Marshall Stability test was conducted on the specimens as per ASTM D 1559. The present investigation comprises of determining the Marshall test properties of Bituminous Concrete Mixes Using 60/70 penetration grade bitumen modified with Lime Sludge as Modifier. The study helps to ascertain the suitability of Lime Sludge as modifier which could minimize the consumption of plain bitumen.

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Bituminous Concrete mixes, combined index, Marshall Stability test, Lime Sludge, Mid-point gradation, 60/70 penetration grade bitumen.

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Badminton is an indoor game played across the net with a shuttlecock and a racket. It is considered one of the most popular racket sports among amateurs as well as professionals and serves to be a great recreational activity. The primary goal in badminton is to score points by hitting the shuttlecock (or birdie) over the net and into the opponent's side of the court. Badminton demands a high level of physical fitness, including speed, agility, and endurance. It also requires good hand-eye coordination, reflexes, proprioception and strategic thinking. In this study 30 Amateur Badminton players within the age group of 12-17 years were selected and were divided into control and experimental groups. The study aims to analyze the effect of proprioceptive training on eye hand coordination and footwork skills in amateur badminton players

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Badminton, Proprioceptive training, Eye hand coordination, Footwork skills.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition