Volume 8 | Issue 8

 Abstract

This article intends to deal with the concept of Surrogacy in India, with an emphasis on what is faced by the surrogate mother, detailed data about the emotional and statistical impact of Surrogacy on women in India and how Surrogacy has turned into a market, with commercialization turning it into a business. In India before globalization, marriage and the consequential family system were held as sacred, and Surrogacy used to be a taboo. However, globalization and inflation led to increased unemployment, which caused more women to seek jobs in public sectors. Unfortunately, their illiteracy and lack of vocational skills forced them to resort to lending wombs for pregnancy. The gestation period allows them to exert power in the male-dominated world where women are marginalized for their gender. The article also analyses the relationship between the surrogate mother and her client, the expecting parents, and how its nuances have transformed due to the socio-cultural changes in society. Since the child is taken away from the rearing mother to the legal one after the lactation period is over, the question arises as to whether she gets the necessary nurturance required to develop her personality in the formative years. Ultimately, the onus shifts to the mindset of the parties involved: are they willing to bring up a surrogate child and make up for the lack of prenatal and postnatal care with love and affection or will they remain detached from a child who is not fully the couple's flesh and blood?

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women, Surrogacy, commercialization, law, feminism, workers, socio-cultural change

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Lakher and Pawi, also known respectively as Mara and Lai, are two tribes living in the Indian state of Mizoram, and in the Chin State of Myanmar. The two tribes have many very similar historical and cultural characteristics. Historical and cultural evidences strongly suggest that the Lakher were once a part of the Pawi tribe.

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Lakher, Mara, Pawi, Lai, ethnic, tribe

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The crude protease was extracted from germinated seeds of Vigna radiata and Cicer arietinum. Protease was purified from these germinated seeds. Protein content was estimated by using Lowry method. Qualitative analysis was done where casein hydrolysis was observed by forming clear zones. Quantitative analysis was carried out by using casein as substrate. Effects of temperature and pH was also examined in which optimum pH was 8 while optimum temperature was 50?. Partial purification of germinated seeds was executed by ammonium sulphate precipitation with high osmotic resistance.

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Germinated seeds, enzyme activity, proteases

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Image Segmentation is an important technique in the area of image processing with wide applications in Medicine, Remote sensing to mention a few. A lot of research work is in progress in various areas resulting in many computationally efficient algorithms. There are conventional as well as improvised segmentation algorithms depending on the application. The choice of the technique in most cases depends on the application and image in question rather than a generalised method. The proposed paper talks about a real-time implementation of Image segmentation algorithm on gray and color images using different algorithms. The algorithms are implemented in real time using TI TMS320DM642 imaging developer kit.. Details of the implementation, required hardware composition, implementation issues, and performance results of real-time real images are presented.

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Image Segmentation, edge detection, operator, computation time, Digital Signal Processor

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Cytological techniques have been universally recognized as the most important diagnostic tool in the recognition of malignant tumours in effusions. To differentiate between reactive mesothelial cells and malignant cells is the diagnostic problem in conventional smear method. The efficacy of cytodiagnosis is increased in cell block method. This was a Hospital based Observational study, carried out during a period of one and a half years, at a Tertiary Care Hospital and Medical College, with the aim to assess the utility and diagnostic accuracy of conventional smear and cell block technique in cytodiagnosis of peritoneal fluid effusions. Total 62 patients were studied.Conventional smears and cell blocks were evaluated on the basis of cellularity, predominant cell type based on morphology, cellular arrangement (architecture) and background. The maximum number of 25 cases (40.32%) was in the age group of 41-60, with average mean age 49.3 years. Females, 23 (37.09%) outnumbered males 39 (20.6%). Diagnostic accuracy of conventional smears is 97.28% and that for cell block is 99.47%. Combined approach cell block in conjunction with conventional smear should be used in suspicious for malignancy cases.

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Cytodiagnosis, Conventional smear, Cell block

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Plastic bottle strips, Shear strength, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test, Compaction test.

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After the Islamic invasion on India from Persia and Asia Minor, and the establishment of Islamic theocratic monarchies under Mahmud of Ghazni in A.D. 1001, Muhammad Ghauri in A.D. 1175, the Educational institutions of the Hindu and the Buddhist religion were destroyed paving their ways for the development of the Muslim education in India. The Muslim educational institutions are attached to the Mosques. Elucidating the Islamic theme of education Gupta writes "Like the Hindu, the Muslim also had two types of institutions, Maqtabas, and Madarssahs. The Maqtaba was generally attached to the mosque and responsible for the objective of teaching and to provide basic education (Read and Write, Specially to read the Holy Quran) to the boys and girls in the religious manner. The Madrassah was an institution of the higher education just like Tol and Pathshala in Hindu religion and the Vihars in Buddhist. The Madrassahs offers the subjects like grammar, Philosophy and History. During the entire Muslim rule, that comprises the Sultanate and the Mughal rule, education received a great patronage from the state. The Muslim rulers established many Maqtabas, Madarssahs, and Libraries etc, that period education was imparted for the propagation of Islamic principles, Law, and social convention.

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Maqataba, Madarssahs, Quran, Mosque, Bismillah.

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Introduction: The term �bad faith� is commonly understood as a breach of the implied duty of good faith and fair dealing recognized in insurance contracts due to the �special relationship� between an insured and an insurer. Breach of this common law duty, although based in contract, is recognized as a tort under Texas law. Unfortunately, the implied duty of good faith and fair dealing is not reciprocal. However, there is another �good faith� doctrine to be aware of. The doctrine of Uberrimae fidei, or �utmost good faith.� As set forth below, this heightened duty � which goes beyond the duty of disclosure � may be necessary given the difficulty in proving the insured had an �intent to deceive� when providing false statements on an insurance application. Uberrimae fidei�s harsh penalty of voiding the policy should also deter insured�s from withholding information from an insurance carrier or carelessly completing an insurance application. Objectives: The objectives of the paper are to describe the utmost good faith before and under marine insurance act and to describe the Does Texas Recognize the Duty of Utmost Good Faith. Methodology: To fulfill this objectives researcher adopted is a doctrinal form and the author has referred secondary sources in doing the research analysis. Conclusion: It is clear, therefore, that whilst utmost good faith is making some contribution to fairness, the duty is not reaching its full or intended potential. It has served as a launching pad for industry-driven enunciations of best practice which are moving towards procedural fairness. However, utmost good faith has done little to improve substantive unfairness in policy terms. To a large extent, insurers are constricted in the exercise of their discretion regarding reinsurance, underwriting and out of date policy definitions in legacy products, and reform is needed to enable insurers to act in a way that delivers fair outcomes.

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utmost good faith, Insurance, law, Uberrimae fidei�s, Etc

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Digitalization in the corporate world refers to the amalgamation of new digital technologies and its impact on our daily life. As a result of technological advancement, we now can triumph over traditional obstacles forced on the employees and their families like geographical differences, barrier of time and access to infrastructure, networks, and services. The reality of digitalization�s impact on balancing work and home should be flexible and freedom approach, when managed appropriately. Work life balance is an evolving issue in the enlarging Indian economy. Balancing the work and family commitments is a growing concern for contemporary employees and organizations. Work-life balance in the digital world is no longer clearly defined and separated. It is crucial that employers find ways to connect and integrate the two. Digitalization�s influence on balancing work and home should be valuable for flexibility and freedom, when managed appropriately. Digitalization is increasingly catching eyes of one and all with direct impact on improved work approaches such as telecommuting enabling geographically distributed teams, which are working online and collaborating, and even forming virtual companies in entirety. This means that corporate and IT employees alike are empowered with newfound liberty that also brings in lack of restrictions and flexibility to work and collaborate. The purpose of this study is to find out the impact of digitalization in all aspects of workplace environment and working lifestyle of the employees in Information Technology based organizations. Analysis of primary data collected from corporate employees is done to know the impact of digital world on productivity, destress etc. This study establishes a qualitative but symbiotic relationship between the various digitalization tools that are factored by the IT employees and the IT companies in a similar way which turns in a win-win situation for both the parties.

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Digitalization, Work Life Balance, HR Policies, Employee Engagement, Organizational culture, Leadership.

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The lockdown which was implemented due to this COVID-19 pandemic has affected many sections of the people and one of the severely affected groups are the migrant workers who usually moves into the another states for their jobs. They were in a vulnerable condition as they were unable to return home initially as the lockdown was announced suddenly and in the working area also they cannot live for a long period as there were no proper food and shelter and even no work. It was observed that at the beginning period of lockdown many workers having children with them have decided to return back by foot as the were no alternative way and some of them had died in the street for walking a long distance without proper food and water. In this backdrop this paper attempts to overview the poor condition of these workers and has mentioned some steps taken by the government for their relief.

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COVID-19 pandemic , Migrant workers, Lockdown

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Abstract Entrepreneurship plays an influential role in the economic development of any nation. It is a vehicle to improve the quality of life, especially for those people who are living in rural areas where resources are either in raw crude form or in under-developed condition, the application of which is often very tough and challenging. Despite these challenges, most of the rural entrepreneurs can use their rustic innovative talent to succeed. In our country, 70-80% people live in rural areas and most of them are dependent directly or indirectly on either agriculture, fishery, animal husbandry or rural wage labour associated with plantations and ranches. Alongside, the also perform other ancillary activities linked to rural development. The entrepreneurship development programmes can be very useful to provide better opportunity to rural masses for improving their living standard. Entrepreneurship can also control migration to urban areas. The present paper is an attempt to highlight the role of rural entrepreneurs in a tough and challenging environment. The study will be based on secondary data only and will be limited to the rural entrepreneurship and improving the Rural Entrepreneurship Ecosystem.

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Keywords: Rural Entrepreneurs, Rural Development, Role of rural Entrepreneurs, Challenges and opportunities.

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A case study accidentally found the incidence of Pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus in ready to eat / ready to cook fishery products. Coagulase positive S aureus was detected in fish pickles. Methicillin Resistant S aureus was detected in 24% of fishery products. Hence the isolation of potentially pathogenic S aureus isolates from fishery products indicates risk to consumers; screening of prevalence, pathogenicity potential and antibiotic resistance is essential to implement control measures. This is a serious public health risk and highlights the need to implement good hygienic practices. These findings emphasize the need to presence of S aureus strains and Staphylococcal enterotoxin production in foods.

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Staphylococcus aureus (S aureus), Coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus (CPS)

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Rectovaginal fistulas have a multitude of causes and it is well known that obstetric and gynecological problem. A rectovaginal fistula is an abnormal connection between the lower portion of large intestine ,rectum and vagina. Bowel contents can leak through the fistula, allowing gas or stool to pass through the vaginal causing fecal incontinence. Also other symptoms can be foul smelling vaginal discharge, recurrent urinary tract infections etc. The common causes of RVF can be injury during childbirth, complication following surgery in the pelvic area, Crohn's disease or Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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RVF,

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It is said that �Women were created from the rib of man...near to his heart to beloved by him� (Testament). Does woman being loved by man throughout her life at any age unconditionally? If not, what are those conditions to be fulfilled by woman � are a few rhetorical questions which the protagonist Roberta asks in �Labor Day Dinner� from the anthology of The Moons of Jupiter (MOJ). How insecure a middle aged woman feels in a relationship can be experienced in this story. Alice Munro, Canadian writer who is also a Nobel laureate subtly depicts the middle aged woman craving for her man. She delicately presents the emotional pain in the process of craving and as a way out of finds contentment realizing the natural process of aging.

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Middle age, Craving, Contentment, Emotional pain, Unconditional

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Digital marketing, Social media, Consumer, SEO,

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Employee motivation is the key factor to boost up the function of an organization. In the globalization phase, every company needs to sustain in the fierce competitive market. Employees are main factors to manifest the business goals into reality. Therefore, in today's world every organization tries to manage their human resource department to keep their employees motivated. In that context some of the management theories have been practicing by them. Business function or their performance in the market can be evaluated by assess the level of motivation of employees. Motivation can play a lead role to get the professional milestone in each financial year in less effort manner.

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Employees, Globalisation, Governance and Motivation.

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Lobular capillary hemangioma is a benign vascular tumor. We are presenting two cases of lobular capillary hemangioma. Both the patients presented with recurrent episodes of epistaxis. After proper workup and pre anesthetic check up both the patient taken for the excision biopsy and the excised mass was send for the histopathological examination. There are various treatment modalities for the same, of all surgical excision remains the primary form of treatment. For massive lesions, preoperative embolization can also be utilized. Recently laser therapy, cryotherapy and sclerosing agents are also being evaluated.

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Lobular capillary hemangioma, pyogenic granuloma

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Cookies are popular snacks widely consume all over the world by all age group people. The major attraction of cookies is that it is produced in wide variety. Green gram is also rich in vitamin A, B1, B2 and Niacin, Vitamin C, calcium, phosphorous. Our study was focused on utilization of green gram in cookies could avail the consumers a protein rich food products. Refined wheat flour, Green Gram flour, sugar, olive oil, baking powder were used for prepared the Green gram flour was produced and make a different ratio 50 percent C1 and 75 C2 percent green gram flour mixed with wheat flour. The ratio of C1 is more acceptable than C2 on the basis of sensory evaluation. It can be concluded that Green Gram bean cookies is good option for supplementation of protein.

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Cookies, Green gram, malnutrition, Sensory evaluation

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DNA barcoding is a modern and broadly used molecular-based identification system that aims to identify biological specimens, and to allocate them to a given species. Though, DNA barcoding is even more than this, and moreover many practical uses, it can be measured the core of an integrated taxonomic system, where bioinformatics plays a key role. DNA barcoding data could be interpreted in diverse ways depending on the examined taxa but the technique relies on standardized approaches, methods and analyses. We tested two medicinal endangered plants Tylophora rotundifolia Buch.-Ham. ex Wight and Tylophora fasciculate Buch-Ham.ex Wight using two DNA barcoding regions (matK and rbcL). The matK showed poor results for both the plants and rbcL region showed good universality, and consequently the efficiency of these loci as DNA barcodes. We consequently tested the potentiality of the rbcl primer for the identification of two medicinal endangered species, which were collected from Shoolpaneshwar Sanctuary, Dediyapada and Gujarat. In this work rbcl primer were used to discriminate and confirm the identification of two medicinal endangered plants, it was found that, the potentiality of rbcL region in identification process for the two medicinal plants used is more efficiency than matK, where rbcl confirm the identification of two plants at species level.

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DNA Barcode, rbcL, Barcode, Endangered medicinal Plants

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The present study aimed to find the influence of self concept and adjustment habits on achievement of higher secondary school students. The objectives of the study were a) to study the nature of self-concept among secondary school students from different types of schools; b) to study the nature of adjustment habits among secondary school students from different types of schools; c) to study the influence of type of school on self-concept of secondary school students; d) to study the influence of type of school on adjustment habits of secondary school students; e) to study the relationship between self concept and achievement of secondary school students; and f) to study the relationship between adjustment habits and achievement of secondary school students. The study was conducted on a sample of 846 students studying in Class IX from 5 government, private and missionary secondary schools each. For the collection of the data a) Self Concept Inventory developed by Beena Shah; and Adjustment Inventory for School Students developed by A K P Sinha and R P Singh. The marks obtained by the students were considered as their achievement. It was found that almost half of the missionary school secondary school student has high level of self concept and adjustment habits. Self concept and adjustment habits of secondary school students from missionary schools is the most developed. It was also revealed that self concept and achievement of the secondary school students were positively related and also that there is not relationship between adjustment habits and achievement of secondary school students.

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Self Concept, Adjustment Habits, Achievement, Higher Secondary School Students

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