Volume 11 | Issue 8

 Abstract

Maharaja Nandakumar is known in history as Dewan Nandakumar. What was his achievement as Dewan of Hooghly before the battle of Plassey, was he only a tax collector? Civil servants, or did various activities against the invasion of Hooghly by the British. An attempt has been made to discuss it in the context of the history of Hooghly district.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Tax collector,Manasamangal Kavya,Hoogla trees, Bargi,Dewan Nandakumar, Faujdar,plundered, accuses, Bengal child.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

ABSTRACT The present study shows that old age has started emerging as a social problem in Indian society due to the socio-cultural changes brought about by urbanization, modernization and the industrial revolution. The findings clearly indicate that the increasing importance of achieved properties, the changing social structure especially the family structure, individualistic and materialistic values, negative attitudes of the younger generation towards the aged.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Health, socio-economic, ageing, life spam, sex ratio, work status.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study explores the impact of Lulu International Shopping Mall on Kochi's changing retail landscape. The objectives are to understand consumer motivations, identify key factors influencing their decisions, and assess overall satisfaction. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire from randomly selected respondents. Findings reveal Lulu Mall significantly shapes shopping habits, attracting diverse consumers. Its all-in-one offerings and comfortable ambiance contribute to widespread appeal and high customer satisfaction. Implications can assist management in enhancing customer experience and tailoring offerings to meet preferences in the evolving retail landscape.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Retail Landscape, Consumer Behaviour, Shopping Habits, Overall Satisfaction, All-In-One Offerings, Comfortable Ambiance, Customer Experience, Retail Sector

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Banking that is done through the digital platform without any paperwork is referred to as digital banking. Digital banking means the availability of banking services online. Digital banking offers convenience for both the banks and its customers. Digital banking is about the automation of every step of the banking relationship, and it goes way beyond an online or mobile banking platform

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital banking, Online banking, Mobile banking, Telebanking

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The protrusion of viscera or a part of it through a weak point in the abdominal wall is known as inguinal hernia. Inguinal hernia is the most common type among abdominal wall hernias. Inguinal hernias comprise 75% of all abdominal wall hernias. The purpose of the study is to identify risk factors as well as complications of inguinal hernia. Heavy weight lifting, smoking, previous hernia are significant risk factors for inguinal hernia. In our study, bowel obstruction and traumatic hernia were identified as major preoperative complications. It has shown that there is high recurrence rate of inguinal hernia if monitoring is not done properly. So, there is a need to create awareness about it for improving patient's quality of life. It was a prospective observational study. This study was conducted in the 'Department of Surgery' IP at Government general hospital, Ongole, a 750 bedded multi-disciplinary tertiary care hospital. Our study was performed in 156 patients. The prevalence, complications and risk factors towards disease progression was statistically analyzed by Descriptive analysis, Chi square test and One-way Anova. Out of 156 patients, 152 were Males and 4 were Females. The commonest age group was 41-60 groups. 123 cases were primary hernia and 33 were recurrent hernia. The commonest cause for the presence of hernia was heavy weight lifting and smoking. Period of swelling was less than 1 year for majority of patients, there was as strong clinical association between period of swelling and complications (p<0.05, using chi square test). Most of the patients were presented with bowel obstruction as preoperative complication. These types of studies need to be conducted in every geographical area so that it can be helpful for future studies in prediction of prevalence of inguinal hernia studies.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Inguinal hernia, Open repair, Primary hernia, Prevalence, Recurrence, Mesh repair.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Siddha medicine is one of the most ancient systems of medicine practised in South India. The Siddha system of medicine has four sections namely Alchemy, Medicine, Yogam and Wisdom. Eight stages of Ashtanga Yogam are Iyamam, Niyamam, Asanam, Pranayamam, Prathyakaram, Dharanai, Dhyanam and Samadhi. The first four limbs of Ashtanga Yogam deals with the individual's external practices called as Bahiranga yoga. The next four limbs of Ashtanga Yogam are practiced for the internal purificatory process with mind- orientation called as Antaranga yoga.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Ashtanga yogam, Siddha literature, Siddhar yogam.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The main objective of the study was to study the impact red mud waste extract on a crop plant. The red mud waste extract (RMWE) prepared in the laboratory is equivalent to the extract chemicals leaking from the red mud pond. The DNA, RNA, protein and FAA content significantly decreased in lechate exposed green gram seedlings in petriplate culture compared to control values indicating significant inhibition. Little insignificant increment in FAA and RNA in lechate exposed seedlings did not indicate any impact except the fact that increases in FAA in exposed seedlings might be a case of proteolysis in the exposed seedlings. Significant decrease in the DNA, RNA, protein and FAA content in lechate exposed green gram seedlings in pot culture compared to control values were noted. These biomolecular depletion no doubt indicate significant inhibition caused by the toxicant (RMWE). Little insignificant increment in FAA and RNA in lechate exposed seedlings did not indicate any impact except the fact that increases in FAA in exposed seedlings might be a case of proteolysis in the exposed seedlings as stated earlier. Significant decrease in DNA content and depletion in protein content was probably due to cell death and proteolysis caused by the toxicant. The leaf and root showed accumulation of alumina and maximum deposition was noted in the roots compared to leaf. No residual alumina accumulation was observed in the seeds of green gram plants after prolonged exposure to lechate waste, hence this crop can be recommended for cultivation in the contaminated site instead of rice cultivation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Red Mud waste, Alumina, RMW Extract, crop plant, DNA, RNA, Protein, FAA

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Self Help Group (SHG) is a unique system of organization and finance management by its members in a democratic way through regular savings, flexible working system and pooling of resources. It also provides a forum for social interaction, which serves as an alternate peer level interactive social structure. The present study was carried out in two villages of Jorhat district, Assam (India); covering nine women SHGs. The purpose was to analyze the income, expenditure and savings of the members after joining SHGs; thereby generating comprehensive knowledge for the participation of women SHGs in various income-generating activities. The result shows that the maximum number of members in SHGs was found in the 31-40 age groups, while most members (38.89%) joined the SHGs for promoting saving. The income of the SHG members increased positively, which in turn increased the monthly expenditure. The study also revealed that the most popular economic activity taken up by the individuals after joining the SHGs was Handloom (27.78%). The incremental income not only enhanced the expenditure of the family but also promoted the savings of the family after they join the SHGs, which had a positive impact for their empowerment by enhancing their access to financial services.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Self help group, Income, Expenditure, Income-generating activities, Chi-square.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The present study aimed at the assessment of water quality of Dantaramakki, and Hiremagaluru Ponds water in Chikmagalur. The study was conducted to measure various physico-chemical parameters like temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, free carbon dioxide, chloride, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity, total hardness and radon. The investigation revealed that there is a mesotrophic status of the studied pond and hence, preventive measures are required to avoid further deterioration of the pond water quality. The estimated water quality parameters were compared with the WHO and BIS standards.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Key words ;Physico-Chemical Parameters, Dantaramakki Pond, Hiremagaluru pond.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper critically analyzes the novels of Diana Abu-Jaber, a prominent Arab-American author, focusing on the use of symbolism and imagery in her writing. Exploring works such as Arabian Jazz (993), Crescent (2003), Origin (2007), Birds of Paradise (2011), Silverworld (2020), and Fencing with the King (2022), The study focuses on how Abu-Jaber uses symbols such as music, birds, food, and mirrors to convey deeper emotions, cultural identity, and universal themes. The study emphasizes the importance of these literary methods in overcoming cultural boundaries and engaging readers in her rich storytelling. Her works are an important contribution to Arab-American literature and beyond because of Abu-Jaber's superb use of symbolism and imagery.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Diana Abu-Jaber, Arab-American author, symbolism and imagery

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

???????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? '????' ?????? ???? ??? '???' ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???????, ?? ? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ?????, ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????????????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? (???? ?????? ) ????? ????- ??????, ?? , ??? ( ????? ) ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????????????? ????????? ???? ??? ??????????? ???? ???? ? ???????? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ???????????? , ?????????? ?? ?????????? ????????????? ??? ??? ? ???? ????????? ??????? ? ??? ? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???????????? ? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ? ???? ???????? ?????? ???, ??? ????? , ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

??? ,??? ,????? ,?? ,???? ?????? -?????? ?

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of social media influencers in promoting tourism in Prayagraj, India. With the rise of social media platforms and the increasing influence of online personalities, the tourism industry has witnessed a significant shift in promotional strategies. This research explores the impact of social media influencers' campaigns on attracting tourists to Prayagraj and increasing the city's visibility as a travel destination. The study employs a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative data from social media analytics and qualitative insights from interviews with tourists and influencers. The quantitative analysis involves measuring engagement metrics, reach, and conversion rates of influencer-led tourism campaigns. Simultaneously, qualitative data are collected to gauge tourists' perceptions of Prayagraj as presented by influencers and to understand their decision-making process in choosing the city as their travel destination. The findings indicate that social media influencers play a crucial role in increasing Prayagraj's tourism visibility. Their engaging content, authenticity, and ability to connect with their audience have a significant impact on influencing travel decisions. However, the effectiveness of influencer campaigns also depends on the alignment of the influencer's brand with the city's tourism offerings, target audience, and promotional strategy.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Social media influencers, tourism promotion, Prayagraj, travel destination, social media analytics, influencer campaigns, tourist perceptions, engagement metrics, qualitative insights, promotional strategy.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The progress and development of the nation lies in the hands of young generation. The youth populace are the pillars of the society. India is a young nation as it comprises of greater number of youth populace. The political system of the country determine the growth and development of nation. The youth populace has significant features such as powerful decision making skill, innovative thinking, highly knowledgeable and educated. These dominant features will make them to shine in the political activities. The urban governance acts as an intermediary among the people and government. This study investigates the significance of youth populace in the urban local body elections in India. The research design is exploratory and descriptive in nature. The research performs a quantitative analysis using the SPSS version 23 software package, through survey assessment from youth respondents in Kochi, India. A structured questionnaire survey method is used to gather the data from the youth populace in Kochi. The main idea behind the survey method is to collect the data relating to the perception of youth populace regarding urban local body elections and their engagement in the political activities. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and ANOVA test are performed in the research. The outcomes of the study revealed that the youth populace are aware about the significance of urban local body elections. Furthermore, the study recommends that the challenges faced by the youth populace in the political system are to be eradicated and the opportunities should be provided to them in future elections.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Local body elections, Power deconvolution, Decentralisation, Democracy

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Employee retention, Experience, Cutting-edge, Obligation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Narad singh Yadav

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Narad singh Yadav

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Institutionalization factors like precarious social support, low income and the burden of increased spending for medical and health needs of geriatric patient have been seen observed on the greater extent in last three years. Aging may lead to an ample number of physiological changes leading to deterioration of the systemic functioning of the body, among which a reduction in lung capacity can be highlighted here that can be due to reduced respiratory muscle strength over a period of time and is relevant to the clinical situation of elderly patients, where age within 65 to 85 years is most likely to be affected. It is necessary to study the importance of inspiratory muscle training to improve respiratory muscle strength, which is lower in institutionalized elderly people. Thus, the current study aimed to determine the effect of inspiratory muscle training on respiratory muscle strength in institutionalized elderly people in and around Madurai District, Tamil Nadu. About 50 subjects (both male and female) between the ages of 40 and 70 with BMIs between 20-30 were included. An Inspiratory Muscle training program using a spirometer as well as a volumetric inspiratory spirometer by SPIRO-BALL was carried out for 4 months. Results of the study showed the statistically significant improvement in the post mean values of respiratory rate (RR), SpO2, Inspiratory capacity (IC) and Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) with p < 0.05. Hence, the study concluded that the respiratory muscle training is beneficial for improving respiratory muscle strength in institutionalized geriatric patients.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Institutionalized Geriatric Population, Inspiratory Muscle Training, Respiratory Muscle Strength.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

As we know that Rotavator blade is used for soil tillage in the agricultural sector. Normally the life of the blade is max. 50-60 hours, this is a major concern for farmers. The basis of this research is to improve the life of the rotavator blade. For improving the life of blade, we are going to perform a certain set of tests to find out their mechanical properties. We are going to check the Hardness by Wear resistance check on "Pin-on-disk" On the basis of properties the heat treatment (tempering, quenching etc.) processes has been performed in order to improve the life of the blade. The main objective of the research is to increase the life of rotavator and ultimately will be beneficial to the agriculture sector.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Rotavator, wear, blade, hardness, pin-on-disc.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता के धर्म के कुछ दिलचस्प पहलू थे। साक्ष्यों की कमी और सिंधु घाटी वर्णमाला की व्याख्या की कमी के कारण सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता की धार्मिक मान्यताएँ बहस और अटकलों का विषय हैं। असंख्य मुहरों, मूर्तियों, मूर्तियों, कलाकृतियों की जांच करने के बाद शोधकर्ता इस दृष्टिकोण की ओर झुके हैं कि हड़प्पा के लोगों के जीवन में धर्म का एक पहलू मौजूद था लेकिन एक सामान्य दृष्टिकोण बनाना मुश्किल है। यह बहस का विषय है कि क्या वहां कोई मंदिर था या नहीं? अल्पसंख्यक शोधकर्ताओं का मानना है कि वहां लकड़ी के ढांचे वाले मंदिर मौजूद थे, लेकिन अधिकांश शोधकर्ता इस तथ्य का खंडन करते हुए कहते हैं कि यह सामान्य ज्ञान की बात है कि जिन लोगों ने बड़े अन्न भंडार, विशाल स्नानघर, गोदीघर जैसी बड़ी इमारतों का निर्माण किया, उन्होंने कभी भी लकड़ी की संरचना नहीं बनाई होगी उनके सर्वशक्तिमान ईश्वर के लिए| एक और सिद्धांत यह है कि हड़प्पा और मोहनजो-दारो में जो बड़ी इमारतें खोदी गई हैं, वे किसी समय मंदिर थीं, लेकिन इस सिद्धांत की यह कहकर कड़ी निंदा की जाती है कि इन इमारतों के भीतर कोई मूर्तियाँ नहीं मिली हैं।

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

धर्म, सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता, वाद-विवाद, हड़प्पा, मूर्तियाँ, कलाकृतियाँ।

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research aims to investigate the relationship between the air quality index (AQI) and meteorological parameters in Amravati, Akola, and Nagpur cities. It analyzes pollutant concentrations and meteorological data across different time scales to identify trends and correlations. The study reveals an increasing trend in air pollutant concentrations, impacting overall air quality. It examines how meteorological factors influence air pollution severity and identifies consistent patterns in AQI-meteorological correlations. The findings contribute to air quality management, helping to formulate strategies for mitigating air pollution and improving living environments. The study aims to address the growing problem of air pollution in the studied areas through informed decision-making and sustainable solutions.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

AQI, Meteorological Parameters, SOx, NOx, and Pollutants.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In videos Human Action Recognition (HAR) plays an important job in today's world. The purpose of the HAR is to establish a method of self-investigation for continuous video data occasions and to identify the person's actions. Applications incorporate visual framework systems, robots, medicinal services frameworks, the relationship between human and Personal computers (PC), environmental knowledge, video ordering, traffic control, and so forth. Applying video analytics to intelligent control frameworks can assist the human user in progressively danger identification. In the interpretation of the video, video analytics assist in applying and identifying non-one image space/time events. This paper uses several methods to acknowledge the complex actions and activities in a video. Behavior is characterized by one person human's basic activity pattern like walking, running, hand waving, etc. Experiments on these actions are carried out using methods such as a pack of highlights, numerous example models, and MRF strategy. Activities are more complex, involving harmonized activities between groups including laptop work, entry/exit of a room, etc. Experiments on these behaviors are employed in the SFG process. This paper's different challenges, methodologies, and the best HAR technique are collectively generalized and interpreted. The outcomes of associated documents are examined in depth with output parameters such as accuracy, precision, and recall.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

video examination, Recall, Precision, Human action recognition (HAR), Accuracy.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition