Volume 11 | Issue 8

 Abstract

Alcohol consumption has become health hazard in females .Effects of alcohol are high in women when compared to men due to decreased metabolism. Estrogen involves hypothalamus, pituitary, gonads, thyroid and adrenal glands gear up problems in reproduction and liver such as weight complications ,body fat composition irregular menstrual cycle, infertility, PMS and rarely breast cancer . as estrogen plays significant role in pre and early pregnancy and helps foetus to grow until placenta is formed and on the other hand increased consumption of alcohol shows fluctuations in estrogen which is main concern that needs attension for female fertility.Moreover, alcohol alters brain communication pathway leading to dementia ,brain damage and mental health illness. alcoholic dependent females have decreased female characteristics and maximum testosterone .Alcoholics tends to loose female characteristics as it increase in testosterone levels in premenopausal women and decrease in androstenedione this combination means androgen levels are imbalanced and sexual female characteristics decline. As most of women are concerned about infertility in recent times, incidence of infertility can be minimally controlled by limitation of alcohol usage or avoid intake of alcohol in states of pre pregnancy and pregnancy .Public is aware of advantages of folic acid in pre pregnancy in the same way it is significant to know alcohol is one of the reason for infertility in healthy women and limit the usage

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Alcohol, Estrogen, infertility, pregnancy

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Given a distribution of pebbles onto the vertices of a connected graph G,a pebbling move is defined as the removal of two pebbles from a vertex and placing one pebble on an adjacent vertex .After a sequence of pebbling moves if we place a pebble on every vertex of the graph the the graph is said to be cover pebbled.In this paper we compute the energy for cover pebbling graphs.Also the lower bounds and upper bounds of energy levels of variou graphs were found through cover pebbling concepts.

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cover pebbling,energy,lower bound,upper bound,adjacency matrix.

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"A study to evaluate effectiveness of anger management skills training on aggression among adolescents from selected schools." Objectives: 1. To assess pretest level of aggression among adolescents. 2. To assess post-test level of aggression among adolescents. 3. To evaluate the effectiveness of anger management skill training on aggression among adolescents. 4. To associate the pre-test data of aggression with selected demographic variables among adolescents. Methods: - The study was Quasi - experimental nonequivalent control group research in nature. Quantitative research approach was adopted for study. Sample size was 60 that consisted of adolescents from selected schools. The adolescents selected from two different schools non-randomly as experimental and control group. Non - probability purposive sampling technique was used for the data collection. After completion of pretest by both groups, anger management skills training taught to experimental group for 20 minutes. And asked them to practice for next 14 days and regularly follow up was taken. After 14 days of interventions posttest was done for both groups. The data collection done by using standardized clinical anger scale. The study tool had demographic variables based on age, gender, education, type of family, type of school, monthly income, number of siblings, area of residency, religion, health status, habits. Then collected data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: - In pretest, level of aggression seen in experimental group was 43.3% mild aggression, 46.7% moderate aggression and remaining 10% severe aggression. And in control group, 23.3% had mild aggression while 76.7% had moderate aggression. And in post-test, level of aggression seen in experimental group was 70% had minimal aggression, 26.7% mild aggression and 3.3% moderate aggression. And in control group, 6.7% of the adolescents had mild aggression and 93.3% of them had moderate aggression. Results showed that average aggression score in pretest was 21.2 which reduced to 12.6 in post-test. While comparing the change in aggression score among adolescents in experimental and control group. Average change in aggression score in experimental group was 8.6 which was -1.7 in control group. The average change in aggression score among adolescents in experimental group is significantly more than that in control group. So, it is evident that the anger management training is significantly effective in reducing the aggression among adolescents. Conclusion: - The conclusion drawn on the basis of the findings of the study shows that there was significant change in the aggression level of adolescents after the administration of the anger management skill training and hence it was concluded that the anger management skill training was effective in reducing the aggression among adolescents.

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Aggression, adolescents, anger management skill training, schools.

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The article explores the relationship between a triangle and the function (a+b)^2, rooted in the Pythagorean theorem, a fundamental concept in Euclidean geometry. This theorem states that in a right-angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse equals the sum of the squares of the other two sides. The article compares the form of (a+b)^2 to the Pythagorean theorem and derives a geometric interpretation of (a+b)^2 in terms of triangle sides. It also delves into its relevance in spiritual traditions like Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism, where geometry is used to represent spiritual principles. The writer presents practical points to apply mathematical concepts to spiritual and personal life, emphasising synergy, intention, and interconnectedness.

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Mathematics, Eucledean Geometry, Spirituality, Yantra

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People are using cloud services more today because of its popularity and the significance of the cloud is increasing exponentially.one of the challenges of cloud is that multi cloud environment which can cause lots of complexities and security is the biggest criteria. Generally Intrusion detection [ID's] is used for securing cloud computing however conventional ID's is not effective for all types all types of attacks and vulnerabilities. So this situation definitely demands need of collaborative intrusion detection [CIDS]. Even CID's has also limitations in network information aggregation so by observing stumbling blocks in conventional CID's it force us to find new sophisticated CID's framework in hybrid cloud which definitely strengthen the security of cloud computing systems.

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CIDS, HIDS, NIDS

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Impairment/Disabilities might be one of the most ostracizing aspects of a child's experience. In schools, districts, regions and countries with limited resources, finding strategies to address the needs of children with disabilities can be difficult. Discrimination against disabled children occurs regularly, they are being mistreated and bullied and as a result, many of these children are left out of society's mainstream. When a person in a position of power intentionally intimidates, abuses or coerces another person with the aim of harming that person physically or psychologically, that person is being bullied and disabled children usually becomes the victim of bullying. The National Education Policy, 2020 was introduced to combat this exclusion and prejudice. Even in the face of ongoing obstacles to fully establishing inclusive education systems, it has shown exceptionally effective in helping all children to learn. This includes children with impairments or other learning issues. It is the goal of this paper to determine how much the National Education Policy will help children with impairments and how much must be done to ensure an inclusive environment for these children.

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Disability, Students, Impairment, Higher Education, Inclusive Education, NEP 2020.

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Assessment of physical activity and dietary practice of institutionalized adolescent students staying in hostel.

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Assessment of physical activity and dietary practice of institutionalized adolescent students staying in hostel.

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In the realm of postgraduate education, the cultivation of advanced analytical and interpretive skills is highly significant. At this level, students are expected to gain profound insights into literary texts, theories, and the cultural contexts shaping them, emphasizing critical engagement with literature.Thus, pedagogical strategies at the postgraduate level must prioritize the development of critical thinking. The Socratic Method emerges as an effective pedagogical tool to nurture meta-cognition and critical thinking. The paper explores the multifaceted integration of the Socratic approach in postgraduate literature pedagogy. It presents a case example of integrating the Socrates approach in a postgraduate literature classroom in Nagaland to further augment the case.

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Socrates Questioning, Cognitive development, Meta-cognition and Collaborative Learning

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The universal development of the society and economy largely depends on the growth of agricultural sector. It is rightly said that if agriculture goes wrong nothing else will remain right. Availability of low cost, timely and adequate agricultural credit is important for agricultural development as availability of credit helps the farmers to come out of vicious circle of poverty and encourages them to use modern technology in agriculture which in turn results in rural transformation. Credit Cooperatives have been instrumental in making an unprecedented contribution towards agricultural development by making available long-term credit delivery. Credit Cooperatives have three-tier structure in which District Central Cooperative Banks are placed at the center and they play a crucial role in agricultural development by providing credit to needy farmers through PACs. This research paper is an attempt to study the impact on socio-economic conditions of farmers by agricultural credit of District Central Cooperative Bank in Satara district of Maharashtra.

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Agricultural Credit, DCCBs, Cooperative Banks, Socio Economic Factors

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During the second phase of Dalit Literature, the emergence of Dalit women's literature, particularly Dalit women's autobiographies, marks the advent of the Dalit women's voice. Dalit women writers have made an effort through their autobiographies to raise voices against the social and cultural forces that have marginalized them for ages. Baby Kamble's The Prisons We Broke is one such autobiography that allows us to venture into the Dalit women's world, their life struggles, and their community through her eyes. Baby Kamble's The Prisons We Broke is probably the first autobiography by a Dalit woman in any Indian language. She portrays the real picture of the degraded position of the Mahar community in the twelve chapters of this book, keeping her own life out of her autobiography. She doesn't focus on any single character and its development; instead, her book is a manifesto of her community. She demonstrates how caste and religion converge to perpetuate exploitative practices against Dalits in common and Dalit women in particular. Her autobiography can easily be divided into two parts. The first half portrays the oppression and exploitation of the Mahar community, and the second half brings forth the transformation and awakening of the Mahar community under the influence and leadership of Dr. Ambedkar. The paper centres on the lives of the women of the Mahar community presented by Baby Kamble and tries to find out how the women of this community were ill-treated and subordinated by the upper caste as well as by their own male folks. The inhuman conditions these women have lived and survived for so many years are painful to see and hear. And how, with the advent of Baba Saheb Ambedkar, this community or the Dalits in common have tried to identify their righteous place is what narrated by the writer in her autobiography.

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Autobiography, Dalit, Mahars, patriarchy, identity, religion, caste.

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Abstract: In the present study an attempt is made to investigate the relationship between Academic Attainment and Emotional Intelligence of tribal adolescent girls of Assam. The Researcher had selected 300 secondary school students giving representation to types of school and family types. The Emotional Intelligence Inventory developed by S.K.Mangal and Shubhra Mangal was used as tool and academic achievement scores has taken from school. Pearson's product moment correlation was applied to find out the relationship and 't' test was applied to find out the significance of difference between different variables. The study found that there is a positive relationship between academic attainment and emotional intelligence of tribal adolescent girls of Assam. There is a significant difference between emotional intelligence of tribal girls belonging to joint families are showing high emotional intelligence than girls belonging to nuclear family. Study has also found that there is no significant difference between government and private tribal adolescent girls of Assam.

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Academic achievement, Emotional Intelligence, Scheduled tribes

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Over time, the phrase "American dream" has come to be linked with upward mobility and enough economic success to lead a comfortable life. Historically, the phrase represented the optimism of the great American experiment. No matter how often we talk about the American dream as a socioeconomic promise of material success, the truth is that most people around the world understand it as something more thoughtful and inspirational than simple material comfort. The phrase "American dream" was coined by James Truslow Adams in his book titled, Epic of America, which came out in 1931. Arthur Miller was one of the famous playwrights of twentieth century American Drama who popularized the concept of American Dream in his dramas and his Death of a Salesman has gained popularity all over the world. The play throws light on the life of a salesman who runs after to achieve American Dream but ends his life realizing its grave truth.

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American Dream, Myth, Money, Illusion, Reality, conflict, Success, and Family

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Abstract For teachers all throughout the world, educating students through ICT efforts during the Pandemic was in fact a difficult challenge. Numerous national, state, and international ICT-driven initiatives have been implemented in the nation. The education sector has taken a proactive stance to make the best use of technology to reach every learner. The current study aims to determine the extent to which teachers use ICT tools in online classes during pandemics, identify the problems and difficulties they confront, and examine their attitudes about these technologies. The information was gathered from 8 Higher Secondary Schools in Mokokchung Town using a self-structured questionnaire. The study found that limited network connections, technical support, and a lack of necessary infrastructure for the intricate operation of ICT-enabled learning tools are the main concerns and obstacles from the viewpoints of teachers when transitioning from traditional teaching to virtual teaching. It was discovered that due to a lack of technological knowledge, teachers commonly fail to use effectively ICT tools during online classes. By counting frequencies, the information acquired with the aid of the questionnaire was tallied.

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ICT, Covid-19, Teacher's Perception.

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A certain ageing transition that, based on one's timing, may either be readily overcome or induce a woman's suffering is menopause. Although some women can manage symptoms associated with menopause well, another might consider problems to be nearly distressing. The overall extent of living for people who experience severe symptoms is impacted

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Menopause, post menopausal syndrome, Rural married women

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The main of this is to effectiveness of theatre based teaching on student's academic achievement in Kannada language at the high school level. In present research the researcher has been used a experimental method. The researcher made two equal groups for pre- test and post- test. The researcher was develop Theatre Based Teaching (TBT) material with instructional system for Kannada subject of IX Std. The experimental group was taught Theatre Based Teaching (TBT) method and Control Groups was taught by traditional method for the period of 15 teaching hours. Result reveals that both the groups of Secondary School Students are identical with regard to their Pre-test scores on Conceptual Clarity in Kannada subject. the Theatre Based Teaching (TBT) method is more effective than the traditional Method of Instruction in improving Conceptual Clarity in Theatre Based Teaching (TBT) (Urubhanga and Harileele Chapters).

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Kannada language, Theatre Based Teaching, effectiveness

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BACKGROUND: Voluntary counseling and testing is a vital element of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevention and care strategies worldwide. It is a test carried out to determine the HIV status of a person. HIV screening enables early detection and initiation of treatment which improves the quality, and life expectancy of a HIV positive individual. Adolescents are among the vulnerable groups with an increased risk of exposure to HIV/AIDS and need to embrace HIV/AIDS testing and counseling. OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge on HIV screening amongst adolescents in Girls' Secondary School Abayi with a view to enlighten them on the importance of HIV screening. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study and semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Students within the ages of 10-19 years were selected by systematic sampling methods and 424 students were presented using tables. Association was tested at p-value of 0.05%. RESULTS: There was a non-response rate of 20 (4.7%). Two-hundred and thirty-four (57.9%) of the students had good knowledge of HIV/AIDS screening and 282 (69.8%) knew that HIV screening is a test to determine individual HIV status. Uptake of HIV screening was 57(14.1%) and 178 (44.1%) students believed that the reason for poor HIV screening was lack of proper awareness. Benefits of HIV screening included helping to start early treatment as accepted by 191 (47.3%) students and 332 (82.2%) respondents agreed that the test provided opportunity for proper advice on knowledge of HIV. Association of sex and class of the respondents and knowledge HCT were statistically significant at p-values of 0.008 and .006 respectively CONCLUSION: There was a good knowledge of HIV screening among the students. The major reason for poor screening uptake were lack of awareness on HIV screening and inadequate provision of screening opportunities. HIV screening awareness was recommended

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Knowledge, adolescent, HIV Screening, Students, Aba, Abia State

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In education psychology, classroom instructional techniques or teaching strategies are the most important factors that impacts on the learners' academic achievement in now a days. To make a meaningful learning experiences throughout the classroom sessions it is very much essential to improve teaching-learning process continuously. In 1968 David Paul Ausubel had proposed the meaningful verbal learning theory that supports the teaching-learning processes very effectively. In case of meaningful concept formation in science learning, concept mapping teaching strategy, an example of democratic teaching strategy plays a significant role rather than the demonstration teaching strategy, an example of autocratic teaching strategy. Hence, the objective of this present study was to investigate that how far the teaching strategies have some significant effect on the learners' academic achievement in case of physical science learning in the daily classroom sessions. Randomized Solomon four equivalent groups design was applied by the researcher. Total sample of the study was 152. Two Bengali medium co-ed schools at Pingla block of Kharagpur Subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in West Bengal were selected purposively as target sample for this study. Then all the class IX level students of these two schools were selected as accessible sample in this study. Bengali version of the tool of "Mixed type group test of intelligence (MGTI)" (originally developed in English version by Dr. P.N. Mehrotra, 2008), which is modified by the researcher, was administered here for preparing the matched group i.e., experimental group (taught through concept mapping teaching strategy) and controlled group (taught through demonstration teaching strategy). A self-made achievement test tool which is based on the selected class IX physical science unit of W.B.B.S.E. was used here for data collection. All the collected data were analyzed by the help of descriptive statistics, inferential statistics like "t" test, ANOVA etc. Excel and SPSS software techniques were used here. It is shown in the result that there was a significant deference present in gain score (p<0.05) of learners' academic achievement in physical science of class IX level students of Experimental (E) and Control group (C1) taught through concept mapping teaching strategy and demonstration teaching strategy respectively.

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Teaching Strategy, Academic Achievement, Physical Science.

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The practice of digital health has grown at an incredible rate and has undoubtedly been catalyzed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The terms "digital health" and "artificial intelligence" have become the most searched topics both in and outside of healthcare. As we begin to see more AI technologies being adopted in healthcare around the world, it is critical that pharmacists are involved. Digital health is becoming an important part of managing long-term conditions, whether it's monitoring symptoms, monitoring adherence or even the treatment itself, so pharmacists can play a key role in implementing technologies that improve patient experience and care. The pharmaceutical industry is also undergoing a digital revolution fueled by artificial intelligence. It is used to improve drug development, to personalize medicine, and it also leads to a significant reduction in medical costs.

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Artificial intelligence, Digital health, proof-of-concept.

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This study investigated the effects of drama and theatre as a teaching strategy on the achievement of students in English language in Govt. School, Davangere City. One research question guided the study. 100 students were used as subjects for the study from three different schools. The students in each school were divided into two groups experimental group and control group. Both groups were taught a topic together using literature method. They were then subjected to a pre-test. In the next two lessons, Experimental group was taught a topic through the drama and theatre method, while Control group remained in the classroom and was taught the same topic using a traditional method. A uniform post-test was administered to both group on Interest for learning. The result of the pre-test was compared with that of the post-test. The comparison formed the basis for the analysis, decision and conclusion in this work. The findings revealed that the group that was taught with the drama and theatre method learning interest was better than those taught using the traditional method. Based on this finding, the paper recommends, among others, that all would-be-teachers should be trained in the skills of using drama and theatre as a teaching method.

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Drama and theatre, students' Interest, English language teaching

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The Socio-economic status of the workers of Sugar Cane units has been analyzed. It is understood that maximum number of workers belong to weaker section, and the majority of them are illiterate. The maximum number of workers does not have sanitation facilities in their houses. It is also noted that the wages paid to them are comparatively low and their total expenditure is more than their earnings. In order to make good the deficit, majority of the workers borrow money from others.

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SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF LABOURERS OF SUGAR CANE WORKS

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