Volume 9 | Issue 8

 Abstract

Modern adaptive springs are designed in such a way that they vary their parameters with respect to applied load as well as adapt the assembly to perform well and give maximum life. In most of the cases the springs are attached with the damper mechanism. Some other springs are also attached with leaf springs to absorb shocks. The main objective of adaptive spring is to support damper mechanism to kill or absorb shock. The adaptive nature itself makes it user friendly. In this paper the development of adaptive spring is to be done with the help of CAD tool like CATIA V5R19 which is further imported into CAE Tool like ANSYS to perform various types of analysis. Structural Analysis and shape optimization analysis will give the stress and deformation values along with the scope for modifying the shape. By redesigning the spring, same analysis is to be repeated to check the results. Accordingly the conclusion will be drawn.

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 Keywords

Spring, Adaptive spring in CAD, CAE Tool, Shape Optimisation, Structural Analysis.

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 Abstract

The top objective of any pharmaceutical industry is to produce products of necessary characteristic and quality reliably, in a cost-effective manner. Development of a method is essential for discovery, development, and evaluation of medicines in the pharmaceutical formulation. The main aim of this review article was to check the development and validation of the procedure employed for the medication from the starting of the formulation to the complete commercial batch of product. At the point when an analytical technique is applied to produce outcomes for the quality of medicine associated samples, it is necessary that the outcomes are reliable. In the pharma industry, validation policy is documented for how to perform validation, types of validation and validation policy are complied with the necessities of good manufacturing practice (GMP) regulations. Validation is very important for the effective running of the pharmaceutical firms. At every stage from raw material to the finished, stability, everywhere validation was performed. The method was developed properly, and validation parameters are explained in terms of accuracy, specificity, precision, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), ruggedness, robustness, and system suitability testing with the example of certain drugs. All validation parameters are used in the routine and stability analysis.

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 Keywords

Validation, Method development, Limit of quantitation, Limit of detection, Linearity, Robustness, Ruggedness.

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 Abstract

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Dravet Syndrome (DS), Infants, Stiripentol, Ketogenic diet

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The paper presents development of a device which could help the oral therapy of drug delivery to patients. The paper focuses on development of a patient friendly drug delivery device, which could automatically deliver the drug into the patient body without his notice. The proposed deice will definitely help the elderly people who very often forget taking their pills on time. In this work, we present the design, simulation and analysis of silicon-based microneedles with piezoelectrically actuated micro?uidic device for transdermal drug delivery (TDD). In the work presented in the paper depicts the use of array of cantilever beams, containing a microfluidic chamber and array of needles for drug storage and delivery. Silicon microneedles are used to pears the superficial skin layer followed by the delivery of the drug. Microneedles deliver the drug into the epidermis without disruption of nerve endings, due to which the patient does not feel any pain during drug delivery using transdermal system. Microneedles are fabricated using MEMS technology employing silicon, metals, polymers. The development of microneedle arrays is an approach which allows drug delivery through skin by improving safety, efficiency, bioavailability. The device developed in this work can deliver drug as per patient requirement.

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 Keywords

MEMS, Microneedles, TDD, PMMA, Polymers

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 Abstract

In today's world of pharmaceutical research, the majority of newly developed drugs discovered are extremely water insoluble. It has issues with multiple developmental, manufacturing, and administration procedures, resulting in a high rate of failure in clinical trials due to poor pharmacokinetics. In the present research, liquisolid system of furosemide was prepared in two different solvent systems of propylene glycol and glycerin. Approximate solubility of furosemide in propylene glycol was found to be 25 mg/ml. In accordance with mixed solvency concept, various solid solubilisers in small quantities were dissolved in propylene glycol to enhance the solubility of drug. In the blend of 10 % sodium caprylate and 10 % sodium acetate in propylene glycol, the approximate solubility of furosemide was found to be 220 mg/ml. Likewise, solubility of furosemide in glycerin was found to be 3.5 mg/ml. In accordance with mixed solvency concept, various solid solubilisers in small quantities were mixed in glycerin to enhance the solubility of drug. In a blend of 5 % sodium caprylate, 5% sodium citrate and 5 % sodium acetate in glycerin, the approximate solubility of furosemide was found to be 120 mg/ml. In another blend of 2.5% sodium caprylate, 2.5% L-arginine, 2.5% sodium acetate, 2.5% niacinamide and 5% sodium benzoate in glycerin, the approximate solubility of furosemide was found to be 140 mg/ml. This is due to solubilizing power of solids. The prepared liquisolid systems gave fast dissolution of drug. Mixed solvency concept is a very useful to develop liquisolid systems of poorly water soluble drugs.

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Mixed solvency concept, furosemide, liquisolid system, solid solubilisers, solubility

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 Abstract

Stress is a summation of effects on all non-specific biological experience extracted by difficulty and unpleasant exterior pleasures. One can feel it when he/she is confronted with a difficult and unavoidable situation. Stress in teaching profession restraints the quality of the teachers and the same creates a misery in the minds of the teachers due to heavy workload, multiple roles, changes in educational policy, inspection regime, continous professional growth and demands and high expectations from the teacher. Hence this study is performed to understand the factors causing stress among teachers and its effects on the education system, health and quality of life and thereby providing some suggestive measures for stress management. Teaching is a noble, prestigious and a responsible profession where the life and future of the students is dependent upon the performance of the teacher. Therefore, the teachers are the most valued assets of the country. They need to be competent as well as possess a good mental health. But today the increasing expectations from the teachers in performing the multiple tasks at institutional levels has paved the way for stress which has adverse effect on their mental health and performance. This directly affects the knowledge level of the students and may have far-reaching consequences on the entire education system. Hence, a descriptive analytical method using secondary sources of data from published books, journals and websites have been undertaken to understand the factors causing stress among teachers and its effect on their mental health and the education system and thereby recommending some suggestive measures.

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Teacher, stress, mental health

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 Abstract

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Phycocyanin, Arthrospira sp, Antioxidant, Cosmetics, Lipbalm

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Consumer Behaviour, Consumption Pattern, Advertisement, technological development

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The Mauryan empire, which had a long line of monarchs and made significant contributions to history, was one of India's greatest dynasties. The Mauryan dynasty was founded by Chandragupta Maurya/Chandragupta Maurya with the wise counsel of Chanakya. This time period is well-known for its contribution to education, stupas, and edicts. Even the ancient university Takshashila was supposed to have been founded during the Maurya period. During this period, the Arthashastra/Arttacstiram, an ancient Indian book on kingship, politics, and other similar topics, appeared. The architectural work, inscriptions, coins, and other excavations that have been discovered are the primary sources for history or how we learn about past dynasties. These materials are crucial because they allow us to reconstruct the social customs, economics, and lifestyle that existed at the time. This study will concentrate on the Mauryan inscriptions and the knowledge they left behind.

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Ashokan edicts ,Indian subcontinent, stone inscriptions, Buddhism, HYDE

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Women Empowerment, Gandhian Ideology, Nation Building

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This investigation was carried out to evaluate the potential of biopolymers membrane synthesized using starch and CMC. Strengthening of the membrane was treated with various solvents (acetone, chloroforms, acetic acid, water).the bio degradability of the membrane was proven using soil burial test, which observed that 75% in red soil & 69.9% in garden soil. These bio polymers have good flexibility that makes them a suitable antibiotic control membrane. These bio membranes are used for wound healing and facial mask for cleaning oil, dust and infection.

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Keywords: Biopolymer, SEM, Biofilm.

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The Severe restriction in daily life due to Covid-19 due to lockdown had a major impact on public health, physical activity, work schedule, mental, emotional health and social relationships. Objective: To study the effect of lockdown on eating patterns, sleep cycle, physical activity level and quality of life during COVID-19 lockdown in the age group of 18-25yrs. Methodology: A random sampling method was used for a comparative study with sample the size of 100 in the age group of 18-25 years. Both the genders were recruited in the study. Questionnaire method was used to collect the data. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to measure physical activity level and WHO quality of life-Brief was used to assess the quality of quality. SPSS software was used for the analysis of the data and p value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The significant increase in frequency of eating home cooked meals, daily consumption of tea/coffee, daily water intake, monthly consumption of oil per family, consumption of pulses and root vegetables, duration of sleep, day-time short naps, sleep latency, sitting duration was observed during the lockdown (p<0.05). Whereas the frequency of ordering food from outside, consumption of cereals, leafy vegetables, non-vegetarian foods, milk products, nuts, fruits and beverages decreased significantly during the lockdown (p<0.05). Low physical activity level and poor quality of life was observed during the lockdown. Conclusion: The lockdown due to Covid-19 pandemic has led to poor dietary quality, sleeping pattern, physical activity, quality of life. Thus, maintaining proper physical activity, eating balance diet, managing stress and setting proper time for sleep will help to maintain good health and quality of life.

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Key words: Covid-19 lockdown, Eating pattern, Sleep cycle, Physical activity, Quality of life.

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 Abstract

With the increasing number of patients, it is very difficult for the doctors to write prescriptions manually. A major issue in India is that generally prescriptions are still written by hand and the readability of such handwritten prescription is very limited. Several cases have come to light, where an error in understanding the prescription by chemist has led to the wrong medication, which caused severe health issues to the patient. The proposed system will provide a platform for the doctors to dictate their prescription orally instead of typing or writing it manually with the help of speech recognition and natural language processing. This saves a lot of time for doctors as well as the patients and avoids human errors to a greater extent.

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Prescription, Chemist, Medication, Speech Recognition, Natural Language Processing.

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Jewelry is the common accessories worn by healthcare workers in hospitals. High level of microorganisms is seen on the jewels and other accessories. A total of 60 pieces of gold jewelleries like 20 chains, 20 rings, 10 bangles and 10 anklets were collected from health care workers at KMCH, Coimbatore and some volunteers from non healthcare workers (other professional workers living in Tirupur) and used for study. The samples were examined microscopically, morphologically, culturally and biochemically using standard procedures. The identified microorganisms were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus sp, Methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus sp, Escherichia coli, Shigella sp, Serratia sp, Pseudomonas sp, Citrobacter sp, Klebsiella sp. The fungal isolates include Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium sp. The mean population counts of bacteria and fungi isolated from the pieces of human jewelleries ranged from 1.09 x 105 to 1.41 x 105 Cfu/ml and 1.32 x 105 to 4.32 x 105 Cfu/ml respectively. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common encountered bacterial isolates in all the four types of jewelleries. Different kinds of microbes identified from jewels of health care workers when compared with other professional workers. The sensitivity of this identified microbes against disinfectant was identified using Alum, sodium bicarbonate, vinegar, hydrogen peroxide, and Dettol. Dettol shows high amount of sensitivity against microbes when compare with others. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus sp, E.coli, Klebsiella sp, Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp are sensitive to all type of disinfectant. This study revealed that it is very important to sanitize the jewellery with disinfectant at every interval of time regularly.

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Jewels, Healthcare workers, Bacteria, Fungi, Alum, Hydrogen peroxide, Vinegar, Sodium bicarbonate, Dettol, Antimicrobial sensitivity test.

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 Abstract

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desire, perfection, conflicts, relationship, struggles, fate, pleasures, imperfection, incompleteness

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 Abstract

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Value Engineering, 6 Phase methodology, Cost reduction, Precise. Productivity

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In this paper buckling analysis of carbon fiber laminated composite plate is performed by using classical laminated plate theory (CLPT) for simply supported plate. The critical buckling load of the composite laminated plate is evaluated by finite element method with help of ABAQUS software. The critical buckling load of plate is affected by the fiber orientation, aspect ratio, plate thickness, mesh size and boundary condition of the stacking sequence and FEA element. The composite laminated plate made of carbon fiber gives maximum critical buckling load at any boundary condition. Some results have been obtained for different parameter and are discussed in detail.

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Buckling, Carbon fiber laminated composite, Critical buckling load, ABAQUS

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The Automobile industry is very important driver of economic growth of India. India is expected to be the world's third-largest automotive market in terms of volume by 2026. The automobiles produced in the country uniquely cater to the demands of low- and middle-income groups of population which makes this sector stand out among the other automobile-producing countries. The Government has come out with Automotive Mission Plan (AMP) 2016-26 which will help the automotive industry to grow and will benefit Indian economy. The rapidly globalising world is opening newer opportunities for the transportation industry, especially while it makes a shift towards electric, electronic and hybrid cars, which are deemed more efficient, safe, and reliable mode of transportation. With this background, this paper explains the overview of Automobile industry in India in terms of production, sales and export trend in different years.

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Automobile industry, Economic growth, Government, Globalisation, Performance, Opportunity.

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DuPont, Return on Equity, Net Profit Margin, Asset Turnover Ratio

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Modern Biotechnology is a biological based technology. In which living organisms (or parts of organisms) are use for making or modifying products, for improving plant or animals or for developing microorganisms for specific industrial purposes. Modern biotechnology is considered as a new global technology because of the growth and development in modern biotechnology has been so rapid. These rapid advancements in modern biotechnology create lot of confusion and challenges or issues before patent offices of the developing contraries as well as developed nations to granting IP protection for this naval technological based inventions. The main purpose of this research article is to find out and in depth analysis of these challenges and problems facing by the developing nations as well as devolved nations.

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Biotechnology, Recombinant DNA Technology, Patent, TRIPS etc.

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