Volume 8 | Issue 8

 Abstract

The situation of migration in India during Covid -19 has resulted in massive chaos around the country. News headlines are filled with situational accidents, deaths and struggles of migrant workers all over the world, especially in India with a 135.26 crore population (2018). The migrant workers are among the worst hit due to the pandemic, yet the most vulnerable among the vulnerable communities consist of children of these migrant workers, labourers. During the migration of around 455.78 million people in India, the invisibles and most vulnerable � Children of our society face a lot of hurdles, especially that they suffer to fulfil basic necessities for themselves. The 2011 census reports nearly 92.95 million migrant children migrate were found in India. The migrant children population of rural areas comprise 56% and urban account (44%). The migrant children have a stark division among them coming from well off and not so well off or poor households. The division studied by MPCE (monthly per capita expenditure) and the vulnerabilities faced by children show that children in bottom tercile households are bad in comparison to the middle tercile households. This clearly highlights the inequality existing in the Indian society in consideration to the children migrating. This paper aims at analyzing the areas where migrant children have been suffering in India, especially during the pandemic outbreak. The objective is to study in-depth data around migrant children�s health, labour conditions, trafficking, and education. The paper also put emphasis on government programs, initiatives and policies that are formalized in order to help migrant worker�s children and other vulnerable children during Covid-19 crisis. The paper utilises secondary data in order to incorporate a clear understanding of the topic. Analysis of secondary data is assessed by evaluating information and literary outcome of various articles like UN reports, UNICEF analysis, WHO reports on malnutrition, health, News/article platforms like � The Hindu, Frontline & The Wire. Scrutinization of pertinent articles will assist in getting maximum current, updated and in-depth information about the topic thereby assisting at forming an outcome useful for readers. Keywords � Migrant workers, Children, Covid-19, UN, Education, Health, Labour

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Migrant workers, Children, Covid-19, UN, Education, Health, Labour

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The high cost and fluctuating quality as well as the uncertain availability of fish meal have led to the need to identify alternative protein sources for fish feed formulation. .The fish Oreochromis mossambicus were collected from Aliyar dam near Pollachi and they were acclimatized. The selected plants (Moringa oleifera and Amaranthus crutenus) were collected, washed, shade dried and powdered using electric pulverizer.The feed was prepared by using basal ingredients like rice bran, coconut oil cake, chicken waste and corn flour as a binder.The feed was dried and stored in refrigerator. The fishes were fed with these supplemented feed for 120 days and the results were obtained for every15days once for growth parameter. The haematological parameters were done on the end of the experimental day (120DAT).The biochemical parameters on the muscle tissue of fishes were done on initial and final day of the experiment. The data were subjected to one way ANOVA and the means were separated using least significant differences (LSD). From the15th day after treatment (DAT) to120th day after treatment (DAT) the Fishes fed with 5% Moringa oleifera supplemented feed showed maximum increase in length. From the15th day after treatment (DAT) to120th day after treatment (DAT) the Fishes fed with 5% Amaranthus crutenus supplemented feed showed maximum increase in weight, specific growth rate, total feed consumed, condition factor, survival rate and feed conversion ratio. At the end of the experiment haematological parameters on RBC,WBC,HB, Platelets, PCV, MCV, MCH and MCHC was found to be maximum in 5% Amaranthus crutenus supplemented fishes. The biochemical parameter on protein, carbohydrate,lipid and amino acid was found to be maximum in 5% Amaranthus crutenus supplemented fishes. The above result indicates that there is possibilities of using selected plant powders supplemented feed for Oreochromis mossambicus.

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(Key Words: The Fish Oreochromis mossambicus, Moringa oleifera and Amaranthus crutenus, growth performance, haematological and biochemical parameters).

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Abstract - World is facing pandemic situation, in which more than 1.65 millions are affected cases and almost 6.5 lakh death has occurred as of 28 july,2020. Despite worldwide efforts to control it, the virus is continuing to spread for want of a prophylaxis and therapeutic strategy. Soon the virus started spreading many prophylactic measures evolved. Some of them are proven theories while some are not. In managing a communicable pandemic, it is logical and essential to explore Ayurveda which helps in addressing the COVID-19 challenge. Ayurveda aware of such viral situation may manifest in upcoming eras. Ayurveda told to follow the dincharya which gives overall protection from various diseases and increase the lifespan. Utilization of our traditional science in covid patients has already started in few of institutes and it�s effective. Now it�s right time when the AYUSH systems come into mainstream and transform Indian healthcare system. The preventive measures developed recently those only deals with local prophylaxis, which are recently developed theories in few months. Whereas Dincharya adaptation includes local prophylaxis (Cleansing eyes, nose and mouth), systemic prophylaxis (diet, sleep, pranayam etc.), social prophylaxis (do�s & don�ts in social life) and immune boosters (rasayan sevan). By doing all this, protects from several diseases and boosts immunity. These measures may hence function as ��physiological masks�� barricading the viral invasion. Only healthy living adaption can give healthy long life, which is an easy deal with life. After all in routine every human being follows the tag line �Prevention is better than cure�.

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Keywords � Covid-19, Dincharya, Prophylaxis.

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The self-identity of an individual, in the context of America, is threaten under the impact of ruthless materialism defining the values of society anew and brings ruin in common people�s fate. After the Second World War people in America were getting more and more preoccupied with self-interest and losing the family values and social integrity: fathers did not care for their sons and wives did not for their husbands, rather their relationships assumed an unusual dimension that was fully based on give and take policy. Therefore, in this paper, an attempt has been made to interpret how materialism in post-war American society evaporates the value and consciousness of mankind, love, compassion and tries to slay the simple hearted individual, his self - whether physically or psychologically. Saul Bellow in his novella Seize the Day (1956) portrayed this plight of modern men striving for realizing American dream. It attempts to discuss critically on how the quest for American dream, money and success triggers the actions of materialistic characters while specially concentrating on the actions of protagonist Tommy Wilhelm whose life and self-identity is distorted in a capitalistic society due to the thirst for money and success.

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Money, Materialism, Self-identity, Carpe-diem, Capitalism

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Philosophy is in reality the theory of education. In other words, Education is the dynamic side of Philosophy or application of the fundamental principles of philosophy. As Philosophy is the mother of all disciplines, therefore it formulates the method, education is its process. Philosophy gives ideals, values and principles while education facilitates these systematically through different curriculum. It is a big frame; now when we set education into the frame, different types of confusion may come up, because the interrelationship sometimes may appear to be ambiguous. Whether any particular philosophy dictates any certain educational approach, like Gandhian Education or Islamic Education, because both these are backed by strong philosophical foundation. In spite of having difference in stream, all the philosophical approaches focus upon humanity. As the modern system of education is fully learner-centric and the teacher is expected to develop the habit of life-long learning in the learners and the teacher has to be more resourceful and to play the role of friend, philosopher and guide of his pupils, so directly or indirectly the teacher must have the sense of educational philosophy. So education plays a pivotal role in both the fields of learner education and teacher education.

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Disciplines, ambiguous, learner-centric, life-long learning, pivotal

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Abstract Poikayil Yohannan was a revolutionary Dalit leader and social reformer who hailed from Eraviperur near Tiruvalla, Pathanamthitta District of Kerala. With the co-operation of people from various Dalit communities, Yohannan led a movement to uplift them. They were subjugated by the upper-caste. Though at birth he was named Komaran, later he was renamed Kumaran. Being a slave to a Christian family, Kumaran had to follow Christianity and have a Christian name Yohannan. In that period, Dalit communities practiced untouchability among themselves. Recognizing the commonalities among the Paraiyar, Pulayar and Kuravar communities, Yohannan sought to create a sense of unity among them. With this thought, he joined the Marthoma church, a reformist sect among the Syrian Christians, but realized the church treated Dalits as an inferior class and left the church. He then joined a new sect called the Brethren Mission where he faced similar instances of caste-based discrimination. In 1909, Yohannan left Christianity and started his own Dalit liberation movement named Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha (PRDS).

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Keywords: -Social reformer of Kerala- Dalits - Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha (PRDS)

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The focus of this review is to provide information on Lepidium Sativum plant which is used since ancient time for various remedies, but much work is needed to prove its pharmacological evidences. Plants from this genus known to contain various active principals of therapeutic value and possesses biological activity against number of diseases. Lepidium Sativum known as Garden cress belongs to Brassicaceae family, has been known centuries ago in eastern regions then spread worldwide. It is very famous in folk medicine. Garden cress is known for its pungent odor due to the several volatile oils and used to treat various condition; respiratory disorders, muscle pain, inflammation, bone fractures in the past. Leaves, seeds, Arial parts extracts found to have alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, polyketides, vitamins, minerals, proteins, fats, carbohydrates which give the plant it�s hepatoprotective, antihypertensive, diuretics, fracture healing, respiratory disorder healing, antimicrobial, milk production, anti-inflammation, antioxidant, laxative, chemoprotective and many other therapeutic applications.

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Lepidium sativum, phytochemicals, antimicrobial activities, medicinal properties.

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Pastoralist areas of Ethiopia continued to be afflicted by the scourge of conflicts, drought and famine. Conflicts in this area are often linked to conflict over scare resources and new boundaries limiting their movements. Conflicts between pastoralists in southern oromia are not a new phenomena, it has existed in different forms for centuries. However, these conflicts have intensified and changed over the last decade due to a range of factors. There is a long history of conflict among various pastoral groups, which raised sections of clans, tribes and ethnic groups against each other. Today, internal border are creating more challenges for pastoralist communities than international challenges. Cattle raiding and counter raiding in which people are deliberately killed are among the main feature of pastoralist including pastoralist areas of Borana and Guji zone. Pastoralism is a cultural and economic system in communities founded on livestock rearing as the primary economic activity. It incorporates and defines social structure, resource management, productivity, trade and social welfare mechanisms. The majority of the world�s pastoral community lives in the horn of Africa. The pastoralist livelihoods require both extensive use of land and freedom of movement. For pastoralists mobility is a necessary response to climate and vegetation variations.

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Conflict, Security, Pastoralism, Peace , Livestock

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Social media plays a wide role in human lives. Social media is significantly determines the academic performance of the students. Social networking has become a common mode which has spread all over the world.Social media is a web?based telecommunication which facilitate the social interaction between a group of people via some type of network. But social media platforms are also for local networks as well. Social media is a platform where we can get any source of data or information. Social media helps to acquire knowledge through establishing communication with other students and teachers through connectingwith Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, etc. Although the students are getting benefit, they have more negatives by using the social media because they are addicted through spending more time for using social media.This addiction negatively affect the students in their academic life. In this view,the researcher has taken this study to examine the negative impact on students [social media on college students in Bangalore]. This study sample size had covered 105 students studying in Commerce & Management Colleges in Bangalore. A well-structured questionnaire has been framed and distributed among the college students to collect their opinion towards negative impact of social media. The collected data were subdued into tables and charts with the help of the statistical package SPSS 22.0. Also, statistical tools such as Percentage Analysis, Mean Score Analysis. The results showed that most ofstudents are 19 years old and mostly affected by the social media like twitter, instagrametc.

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college students, information sharing, opinion, interaction

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Sports have become an important part of this nation�s culture as well as of other culture. Sports are generally played as a form of a contest between two competitive sides that could be a team or individual. Sports can cause swing in emotion, varying from passion to disappointment. It can produce an emotional environment that, at times, causes us to wobble and lose our composure. So, if we are not quite mentally prepared, our physical qualities will probably also decline.

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Personality traits of medalist and non-medalist swimmers. A comparative study

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The prevention and control in plant disease plays vital role in architectural filed. Accurate and rapid diagnostic of disease helps to control the disease at early stage. The detection of plant disease using automatic technique is beneficial and reduces large work of monitoring each individual plant in the farm. A combined usage of image processing techniques and machine learning techniques helps to recognize the disease. In the proposed system, plant leaf image features are extracted using Gabor filter and watershed segmentation algorithm which includes the color, texture and intensity property of image. Based on the extracted features the image is compared with existing disease training data. The test image is labeled with the related disease using classification technique. The proposed study focuses on the comparative analysis using various classification techniques analysis in disease detection.

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Image Processing, Machine learning, Plant Disease, Neive Bays, SVM, Random Forest

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Education is also one of the best foretastes of nation growth and also the ethics of an independent. It is one of the first agreement of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. But it is commonly recognized in the public particularly to women to find the basic amenity of their people. At present education has accepted high level weightage in purview of planners and policy makers and it as a pivotal component in defining the pace of growth. 50 per cent of the country�s human resources constitute by Women in India, and their donations are played important role for the nation�s development. But the outcomes of illiteracy among women are uplifted. Only 62.12 per cent of women is educated as per 2017 data. However, the education system scattered very instantly, the gender gap in literacy leavings evidently by its existence especially in Tamilnadu. The Constitution of India reveals on women, equal rights and scopes in all fields. Subsequently, these women have not been capable to take full benefits of their rights and prospects in practice for various reasons. Hence, this paper made an attempt to highlight the women�s education in India particularly in the state of Tamil nadu.

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Women, Education, Literacy factors, States, Union Territories.

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The present research was aimed to study the relationship of social competence of adolescents with their emotional intelligence and self-esteem. Significance of gender and locale differences in these relationships were also studied. Apart from this, the significance of differences between the social competence of adolescents with high and low emotional intelligence and with high and low self-esteem was found out. For this purpose sample of 600 adolescents was drawn from six randomly selected districts. Mainly the statistical techniques of the coefficient of correlation, t-test, Fisher's z, and Z observed were used to conduct the study. The study concluded that there was a significant positive relationship between social competence and the variables of emotional intelligence as well as self-esteem.

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Social Competence, Adolescents, Emotional Intelligence, Self-Esteem

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Agriculture plays a significant role in Indian economy because of three focal reasons; firstly- for Indian Economy, secondly- the food security of the country and lastly- the people who are directly or indirectly depends on it for their livelihood. Agriculture is an important sector of Indian economy and its contribution to GDP is also plays a vital role, moreover, it provides employment opportunities to the rural people in our country. Therefore, Agriculture is the governing factor for the growth and development of our country. Green Revolution created socio-economic imbalance in many regions of the country. The marginal farmers and landless farmers had not sufficiently empowered and gained from the Green Revolution. Many Indian farmers committed suicide in last 16 years due to the socio-economic diversification generated among farmers during Green Revolution. The latest wave of recorded suicide in human history is one farmer commits suicide in 30 minutes. Agriculture sector seemingly moving in the right direction, although there are huge socio-economic issues faced by the farmers with respect to Growth and Economic development of the country. This paper attempts to discuss the related issues in socio-economic development of the farmers and the cultivation practices in Mawkyrwat, South west Khasi Hills District of Meghalaya in India. It is based on available, primary and secondary data collection.

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Agriculture, Development, GDP, Green Revolution, marginal farmer

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Rapid Increase in population accompanied with migration are leading to the growth of urban areas. Urbanization is a well-known scenario of a combination of natural population growth and immigration excluding total deaths and emigration. All the metro cities are experiencing immigrations from all over India. Even though state level migration data is available with Census of India, city level data has still been untraced. This research is an attempt to understand migrant flow patterns along state wide and district wide within Telangana. This is mainly to identify the states from which Hyderabad is absorbing migrants at all India level and to identify major districts offering migrants at district level within Telangana. Concluding with major districts that are offering migrants to Hyderabad, and integrating with the factors contributing to migration to formulate draft proposals. With the increase in population density creates stress not only on urban housing but also on physical and social infrastructure. Cities are experiencing urban housing , formation of slums , stress on water resources , density of population per sq.km , shortage for decades and increase in urbanization is pushing the sector into further crisis.

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India, urbanization, migration pattern, urban housing, GIS.

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Passively monitoring driver�s eyes can help in detecting state of mind and alertness of driver and thus can reduce risk of accidents. Proposed system includes three main parts 1) Facial feature tracking 2) Eye gaze 3) Eyes off the road and fatigue detection. Video feed from camera installed on car dashboard tracks features of driver in real time (25FPS). Image processing algorithm is developed in OpenCV and implemented on Raspberry Pi board to make a compact embedded system. Different gaze zones are defined, few of which are eyes off the road points. SVM is used to train and classify different combinations of gaze and head pose angles to determine exact point of gaze. Based on algorithm output, if driver�s eyes are off the road or eyes are closed due to fatigue then accordingly audio and steering vibration warnings are given to driver

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Moore law, Non-ideal effects, Carbon nanotubes, MOSFET, CNFET, Opamp, 32nm technology

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Cucumis melo L subsp. agrestis (Naudin) Pangalo Leaves were extracted using conventional methods generally with low total flavonoids content. In this study Cucumis melo L subsp. agrestis (Naudin) Pangalo Leaves were extracted by microwave assisted extraction (MAE) and optimization of extraction parameters by using Box Behnken Design on the basis of response factor i.e, total flavonoid content. The selected medicinal plant was extracted microwave assisted extraction as well as other traditional methods (i.e, Soxlet and room temperature). These methods were analyzed on the basis of percentage yield as well as total flavanoid content . To optimize MAE conditions, three main factors were selected using univariate approach experiments and then Box Behnken design (BBD). The optimal extraction conditions were as: Microwave Power (300-700 W); Solvent Concentration (30-70%); Solute and solvent ratio (1:5 - 1:20). Temperature 700C, Time 2 min were kept constant. One response factor total flavanoid content (TFC) was used for quantitatively analyze the phytoconstituents in plant part. The optimized conditions for the microwave-assisted extraction of Cucumis melo L subsp. agrestis (Naudin) Pangalo leaves was microwave power of 562 W, solvent concentration 50% and solvent and drug ratio 20 ml per gm of the drug. The total flavanoid concentration (42.91�0.034) and percentage yield (53) in MAE higher than the other traditional methods(i.e, room temperature, soxlet extraction) with respect to percentage yield(22, 28) and total flavanoid content(22.645�0.021, 32.098�0.104). The BBD can be successfully applied to optimize the extraction parameters (MAE) for Cucumis melo L subsp. agrestis (Naudin) Pangalo leaf part. Moreover, in terms of environmental impact, the MAE technique could be assumed as a �Green approach� because the MAE approach for the extraction of plant released only 80.5 gm of CO2 as compared to 4502.4 gm CO2 using the soxlet method of extraction. In this work, a fast and efficient microwave assisted extraction (MAE) method was developed to extract bioactive constituents from Cucumis melo leaves.

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Cucumis melo L subsp. agrestis (Naudin) Pangalo, Leaves, Cucurbitaceae, Total flavonoids content

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Diet plays a big role in controlling the diabetes. The diet could also be used alone alternatively together with insulin doses or with oral hypoglycemic drugs. Diabetics always need to take care of their diet and about the food they eat. Care has got to be taken because all foods contain not only carbohydrate, but also some energy value. Protein and fat available within the food are converted to glucose within the body. A menu plan is your guide for when, what, and the way much to eat to urge the nutrition you would like while keeping your blood glucose levels in your firing range . A good menu plan will take under consideration your goals, tastes, and lifestyle, also as any medicines you�re taking. You�ll want to plan for regular, balanced meals to avoid high or low blood sugar levels. Eating about an equivalent amount of carbs at each meal can help. Carbs, protein, fat, and fiber in food all affect your blood sugar in different ways. Carbs can raise your blood sugar faster and higher than protein or fat. Fiber can help you manage your blood sugar, so carbs that have fiber in them, like sweet potatoes, won�t raise your blood sugar as fast as carbs with little or no fiber, such as soda.

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carbohydrate, meal plan, hypoglycemic drugs

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Today, Covid 19 crisis has realized all humankind must respect the natural resources that mean protect all other living creatures concerning to environment. The environment is very wide terminology it is incorporated all aspects of life i.e. livelihood, health, dignity, clean water, air, and land with forest, wildlife as well as it is needed for the survival of everyone. In a legal sense, the environment contains air, water, land, food, and sunlight, etc. without environment life cannot exist on the earth. The main cause of development of environment jurisprudence is saved to the future generation, industrial development, uncontrolled growth of population, poverty, technology development, and the concept of sustainable development in the society. If we have to see Covid 19 has protected natural property like river, sea, forest as well as wildlife animal. It is a positive aspect of Covid 19. In the present time, the main cause of evaluation and growth of environmental jurisprudence & ethics is liable new horizons of the rule of law, judicial review, and social & economic growth of the country. The main purpose of this paper is to denote the significance of Environmental Jurisprudence in India. The paper mentioned the role of an organ of the governmental body as well as many enactments related to Environment Protection in India. It also talks about the influence of International Law on the domestic legal regime to deal with the problem of environmental protection.

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Environmental Jurisprudence, Economic growth & Environment, Basic principles, creativity, Environmental ethics.

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This Lean manufacturing to consist of different tools and techniques and it will be used in the appropriate industry according to the problems faced by the industry of various sectors. It mainly depends upon the types of industry where the lean concepts were implemented. Different methodologies were prepared according to the problems. It will take a separate time for preparing the methodology for the each industry. In order to reduce the time taken for the preparation of a new methodology each time, we are going to prepare a generalized methodology for the implementation of lean concepts. That is starting from approaching the industry to implementation stage and analyzing the impacts. So this will be an as a generalized methodological platform for the companies that are going to implement the lean concepts in the distribution industries sectors in future and it also helps the researchers those who are doing research in the lean implementation platform.

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Lean manufacturing, methodology of study, pilot implementation, survey analysis.

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