Volume 8 | Issue 8

 Abstract

Occupational structure ranks high among the attributes of population as an area characterizing and area differentiating element. This factor is closely related to the physical resource base, stage of socio-economic development, technological advancement and cultural pattern of a region. It greatly influences the characteristics of a population such as changes in growth rate, literacy rate, sex ratio and pace of urbanization. Besides, the size of productive work force in various occupations is an important variable for comparisons and explanations of the inter zonal disparities in the levels of development within the region, hence occupational structure and its changes reflect the readjustments in its socio-economic processes which shape the character of an area. The study of the spatial demographic analysis of Nawada district, have witnessed radical social and economic transformation, would be incomplete without a detailed discussion on its occupational structure. In this paper, it is proposed to discuss the form of changes in the occupational structure and its typology; rural-urban occupational differential and spatial distribution of rural workers during the study period.

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Occupational structure, Level of Development, Work Participation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Today, numerous embedded or the cyber-physical system, e.g., in comprise several control applications, automotive domain, sharing same platform. It well known that the such resources sharing leads into the complex temporal behavior that degrade quality of more importantly, control, may even risk stability in worst case, but not properly taken into the account. In this paper, we consider the embedded control or the cyber-physical system, where the several control application share same processing units. Focus is on control-scheduling, the co-design problem, where controller and the scheduling parameter are both optimized. The basic difference between the control application and the traditional embedded application motivate need for the original methodologies for design and optimization of the embedded control system. This work is one other step towards correct design and the optimization of the embedded control system. Online and Offline methodologies for the embedded control system are enclosed in this paper. The significance of considering both expected manage stability and performance is discuss and control preparation co-design methodology proposed to the optimize direct performance as guarantee stability. Orthogonal to this band the width efficient stabilize control server is planned, which supports the isolation, compositionality and resource-efficiency in the design. Lastly, we extend scope of future approach to the non-periodic control scheme and the address challenges in the sharing platform by means of self-triggered controller. In addition to the offline methodologies, a narrative online scheduling policy to the stabilize control application is planned.

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cyber-physical ,OPTIMAL DESIGN ,LINEAR BOUNDS

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Image compression aims at reducing the number of bits required to represent an image by removing the spatial and spectral redundancies as much as possible. The focus of the research work is only on still image compression. The lossy compression methods which give higher compression ratio are considered in the research work. The paper discusses the image compression using SVD (Singular value Decomposition) method on various images of any type and resolution. A novel method is proposed to preprocess the SVD which reduces the computation complexity compared (in terms of time or clock cycles) to SVD. The proposed method termed as Modified SVD (MSVD) which is compared with the actual SVD and other variation of SVD based on different parameters.

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 Keywords

Singular Value Decomposition, compression ratio, modified SVD, block size, image compression

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Background: The banking sector has a very important impact on the Indian economy and its importance cannot be overemphasized. The Bank plays the role of mobilizing deposits and disbursing credit to different sectors of the economy. One of the valuations of the banking sector in India is the issue of non-performing loans. The aim of the study was to examine the factors of non-performing loans in the context of the Indian banking sector. To study the NPL factor, the study used factors such as bank and social factors. The specific factors of the bank are the rapid growth of credit, monitoring and evaluation of benefits and risks, while social factors are political intervention and bankers' inefficiency etc. Objectives: The specific objective of this study was to examine the factors of non-performing loans in the context of the Indian banking sector. Research Approach/Methodology/Design: The study used research in associations where questionnaires were administered randomly to 200 bank executives in West Bengal. Responses from bank executives were analyzed using frequency tables, graphs and factor analysis.. Originality: This paper is absolutely original in terms of its methodology . The methodology used for this study is absolutely new and pure for our country because no such comprehensive and remarkable study based on primary survey is done earlier. Findings: The results revealed that the borrowers who were accepted by violating the evaluation conditions, the banks 'knowledge of the customers' previous credit history, good understanding of the loans, and the poor assessment of the risks caused the bad loans. Research also shows that strict loan monitoring has an impact on bad loans. The results also indicate that if the loan is not properly evaluated, it can turn into non-performing loans even if appropriately monitored. The study also showed that interest has a weak relationship with non-performing loans and is not an important factor affecting the former. In addition, the study also revealed that rapid credit growth has a significant impact on non-performing loans. This research shows that because of competition, the terms of loans or the use of high-risk investment options are settled by banks that cause bad loans. Besides the bank's factors, social factors are also identified in this research. The study indicates a strong relationship between bankers' inefficiency and political interference in non-performing loans. This research shows that banks are under pressure under political influence and settling credit conditions that lead to bad loans. Factor analysis showed that there are several factors(Researcher takes twelve factors) affecting non-performing loans in India of which some factors carry the highest factors in loading which means that these twelve factors are the most important. Moreover, research results show that properly trained and qualified bankers increase the quality of loans. Value Addition: This study may clear the concept of factors of non-performing loans. This innovative work on non-performing loans and its factors will not only help the entire Indian banking sector to control non-performing loans, but it could also be a generalization in other.

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Key Words: : Banking sector; RBI, Non-Performing Loans; Bank-Specific Factors; Social factors; India

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According to the theory of Panspermia, Life originated on the Planet Earth from microorganisms or chemical precursor of life present everywhere in the universe.This research paper strengthen the belief in panspermia by introducing our model named Aeroheart which is well capable to keep non-pathogenic extremophiles alive in space for longer duration of time by giving them proper nutrients using the system of Aeroponics. we belive that life can evolve anywhere in the universe through spores and other minute organisms in a dormant state on reaching a suitable environment. If we deliberately transfer non pathogenic extremophiles on Jupiter's moon EUROPA or GANYMEDE and other cellestial bodies by our model AeroHeart, we could surely able to examine the life status of extremophiles.Also, if these microbials harbor life over there ,it would directly conclude in Favour of 'Panspermia Theory' and also strengthen the myth that life has originated on Earth as per the Theory of Panspermia.

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Extremophiles, Tardigrades, Aeroponics, Extraterrestrial, AeroHeart, Panspermia.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Village, Community, Belonging, Memory, Nostalgia, Change

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Women have been made significant contributors towards the growth, development and sustainability of human society as a whole. Women constitute half of the population in the world. In every society from ancient to modern times, women are considered less competent with men in all the aspects of socio-cultural and economic life. So to say in the Economic aspects the position of women always plays a significant role in the society. Assam is a land of numerous tribes having different ethnic and linguistic background since the time immemorial. Among them, the Bodo/Boro are numerically and sociologically one of the most aboriginal tribes in Assam. Role of Bodo women in economic activities is not much discussed in her society and there is a lacking space to deal it. Therefore this paper is made a humble attempt to highlight the importance of Bodo women in the economic activities or their normal position in the field of socio-economic perceptions in the society, traditionally and the way forward.

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Bodo, Women, Status, Social, Agriculture, Economic, Rights, Position, Role, Domestic.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Withemploying more than 5 crore workers at present, Indian Construction Industry is showing immense growth from the past few decades and is the second largest employerafter agriculture.For the success of any construction project, safety of both, the structures and the workers plays an important role. Accidents and known injuries are more frequent on construction sites than in any other manufacturing sector. Thus, safety has to be a matter of utmost importance starting from the design stage to completion and handling over the construction sites. The lack of proper coordination among workforce, contractors, and clients in Indian construction industries adds to the poor safe work conditions. Despite of several safety practices and available labour safety laws, the accidental incidents are increasing continuously. There becomes a requirement to gather the understand the causes of these accidents and identifying preventive measures to provide a safer work environment for the construction workers. This review talks about a systematic way for the assessment of safety practices of construction workers through analytical hierarchy process (AHP).

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Construction Workers, Safety practices,Labour safety, Preventive measures, Risks, Accidents, Safety laws.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Hypothyroidism may occur as a result of primary gland failure or insufficient thyroid gland stimulation by the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. It is usually associated with lipid abnormalities. Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder resulting from deficiency of thyroid hormone or, more rarely, from their impaired activity at tissue level. In its clinically overt form, hypothyroidism is a relatively common condition, with an approximate prevalence of 2% in adult women and 0.2% in adult men. Deficiency of the hormone has a wide range of effects because all metabolically active cells require thyroid hormone. Untreated hypothyroidism can contribute to hypertension, dyslipidemia, infertility, cognitive impairment, and neuromuscular dysfunction. The best laboratory assessment of thyroid function is a serum thyroid-stimulating hormone test. Thus a multifactorial and holistic approach is required in successfully managing the condition of hypothyroidism i.e., diet, drugs and yogic exercises all in combination helps in normalizing the thyroid function in hypothyroidism.

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Hypothyroidism, Yoga, Diet, Natural Remedies

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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White collar crime is a high society crime

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White collar crime

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The main aim of the project is to provide an accurate design on the wall. This machine can be used during various program celebrations in office and schools etc. This machine can solve the problem of accuracy and time consumption at less economy in designs. This can also be useful at different events in hotels and resorts for making beautiful designs. It is very useful to make designs economically.

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WALL DRAWING

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Today, COVID-19 has impacted each and every industry in the world; however its consequences on the hotel & hospitality sector have been unseen or unheard before. In a short span of time, the virus has severely unleashed itself across the world. The entire world has witnessed an increase in the number of active corona cases on a daily basis. The common accords backed by medical experts are isolation and lockdown in order to slow down the spread of the virus. The world has however gone into partial or complete lockdown; the overall impact on human life, economy and businesses are inestimable, both in the short term and long term due to the uncertainty. This paper gives a brief on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the Indian hotel industry. In India, the hotels and hospitality sector has suddenly declined in the first quarter of 2020 because COVID-19 has impacted various segments of this sector. The industry has come across large-scale cancellations for travel bookings and hotel accommodations and may continue to do soon in the months to come. The nationwide lock-down has closed hotel and travel sectors, blocking their earnings sources. In order to recover from this crisis situation, the Indian hotels sector can frame and adjust strategies in the near term and prepare for the future.

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business crisis, COVID-19, economic loss, hotel segment, performance fall

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The paper entitled �CURRENT SITUATION OF FARM BUSINESSES IN INDIA IN TERMS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCES� gives the readers �the golden wings� to flap across the financial condition of farm businesses in India. As we all know, India is an agrarian country, the farm business plays a major role in contributing to Indian economy. Through this paper, it is aimed to identify the factors that affect the financial performance of a farm, like the non-farm incomes, machinery values per rupee of output and much more. The paper aims to bring an evaluation upon the current situation of Indian agricultural industry, in terms of financial performance. The paper will bring the issues faced by the Indian farms in Indian economy to the limelight. Through this paper it is aimed to determine the various management factors adopted by the Indian farmers for their farm management. The paper brings out the economic depression faced by the Indian farm producers. The paper establishes a relationship between the best management practices and financial performances adopted by the commercial agricultural producers. Also, it will help to determine the management practice that is strategically significant in explaining the financial performance.

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Key words: financial condition, farm business, agricultural producers

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This paper describes the publications output of IUP Journal of Applied Finance from 2010-2019. The study examines the different aspects like - the year wise distribution of articles, total number of issues, authorship pattern, Degree of collaboration of the contribution, number of citations, subject wise distribution and number of pages published in the articles have also been analyzed and presented in this paper. The data for the present study obtained from The IUP Journal of Applied Finance from 2010-2019, 210 articles retrieved from volume 16 in 2010 to volume 25 in 2019 The result shows that out of 210 articles multi authors contributed 142 (67.6%) articles were as 68 (32.4%) articles were contributed by single authors. Journal articles were found most prevalent sources of information for writing research papers and used in citations.

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Bibliometric analysis, publication output, Authorship pattern, citation Analysis and Degree of collaboration.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This innovation presents an hourglass shape microstrip patch antenna with dual-band (1.8GHz and 2.4GHz) with high gain, the cotton (relative permittivity of 1.6) is used as the dielectric substrate for this antenna. It's flexible and lite weight makes it a perfect wearable antenna as it's made up of natural fibres it's also eco-friendly. The antenna is designed and simulated using "Ansys HFSS".

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Eco-Friendly, Dual Band, Wearable Antenna

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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India is going through a deep agrarian crisis. Majority of farmers want to give up farming because of poor income, bleak future and stress. This paper is an attempt to identify the major problems faced by farmers and how sugar mills practicing Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR in this paper) could help the farmers. In the present study, an attempt will be made to understand as to how the Indian sugar industry-society relationship evolves with CSR practices. Sugar industry has been chosen for this study as it is one of the major livelihood providers in rural Uttar Pradesh and shapes the socio-economic environment of many regions in the state. A study of this industry would provide rich insights about the contours of social, economic, and environmental life of farmers. The paper is based on secondary data collected through published articles, newspaper reports official websites etc.

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Corporate Social Responsibility, farmers, sugar industry

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Highway and pavement design plays an important role in the DPR projects. Regarding the pavement design, it forms an important part of detailed engineering study.

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Road design, Bitumen, Aggregate, Formation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Composite materials with natural fiber such as jute, bamboo, and coconut provide advantages of high stiffness and strength to weight ratio as compared to conventional construction materials, i.e. wood, concrete, and steel. Despite these advantages, the widespread use of synthetic fiber-reinforced polymer composite tends to decline because of their high-initial costs, their use in non-efficient structural forms, and most importantly their adverse environmental impact. Also, this review paper provides suitable fiber length as well as suitable fiber ratio or fiber volume fraction.

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Keywords: - Fiber length, Fiber ratio, Mechanical properties

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Social networking services is a web based platform which is used by the people to evolve social networks or social relationships with each other who share similar profession or individual interests, activities, events, ideas or real life connections. The popularity of SNS is emerging rapidly and has become a huge date source to analyze social networks. The widespread content by users is very important in social networking services. In this, I proposed a method for finding information diffusion models for the data in social networking sites which can be obtained by using process mining techniques .For this, first we filer the information by expelling inconsistent users. Further, to decrease the complexity nature of SNS filtered information a user-centric clustering approach accomplished utilizing a novel measure called user intimacy value that quantifies the degree of relationship between users ,depending on modularity maximization strategy is carried out. This clustered information is converted to an event log which is utilized as input for process discovery algorithm Infoflow miner. The Infoflow miner utilizes response weight, that can be characterized as, the degree of impact or effect that one user activities have on other user activities. Final outcome of the technique is a graph which represents the flow of information among user networks present in the original information.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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process mining,Information flow, social networking services.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The tribal community has a very long history in all over the world. The Pardhi community in India is also one of the tribal community having its unique cultural aspects, social belief system and lifestyle. After the repealed of Criminal Tribes Act 1971 (CTA) into the series of Habitual Offenders Acts1 1952 and 1959, Pardhi community was tagged as the denotified tribal community. This is one of the socio-economically deprived segments of the society in Maharashtra in general and Solapur district in particular. The high incidence of poverty is one of the features of this community. No, doubt that government has taken keen efforts to uplift the conditions of the tribal community through several welfare schemes and policies after independence, but still the condition of this community is dismal. This community has very low access to livelihood sources. They are often migrating from one place to another in the search of work and settlement. Under this backdrop, the new approach towards the measuring poverty i.e. multidimensional poverty index has constructed based on 340 sample respondents interviewed from the eleven tehsils of Solapur district. Three main techniques are used to assess the extent of poverty in the Pardhi community of Solapur district. These techniques are adjusted head count ratio, adjusted poverty gap and adjusted squared poverty gap. These three measures jointly provide the value of multidimensional poverty index. Three major indices were taken into account i.e health, education and standard of living. The Alkire and Foster (AF) method has used to measure the multidimensional poverty index. The data collected from the questionnaire schedule was processed in excel and R software. It has found that the comparatively incidence of poverty among the Pardhi community is more in case of urban area than that of rural area. The economic condition of the community is very dismal and they have rare access to livelihood sources. It has suggested to the government to provide special attention and priority, to Pardhi community in the welfare schemes, for improvement in standard of living and breaking vicious circle of poverty.

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 Keywords

Health, education, standard of living, adjusted head count ratio, adjusted poverty gap, adjusted squared poverty gap and multidimensional poverty index.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition