Volume 12 | Issue 7

 Abstract

Noise pollution has been rising as a critical issue in recent days particularly for the working individuals in the industries. Noise pollution is unwanted sound, it needs to be controlled to make the workplace comfortable. This chapter analyses noise mathematically and the effects of multiple sources are examined. Two noises of exactly the same level can have a combined noise level that is 3 dB higher than the individual values. The greater the difference between the two individual noise sources, the lower is the combined noise level. Different people react differently to the same type of noise. A noise level up to 90 dB does not have any appreciable effect. Exposure in excess of 115 dB is not permitted with unprotected ears as it runs the risk of hearing impairment. The average noise level of various equipment used inside the washery generally ranges from 85 to 110 dB. Various control measures for the abatement of noise pollution have been studied. The hierarchy of control for a reduction of hearing loss to personnel is illustrated. This study has been conducted to find out the effects of machinery and man induced noise within the industry. Reduction pattern of noise level can easily be visualized and evaluated by using noise maps. This type of study could support decision makers during adaptation of suitable remedial measures

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pollution and noise sources

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The Purpose of this paper is to assess and reduce or eliminate Hazards in manufacturing industries, fume hoods are essential at the workplace since fumes released by welding process may lead to adverse health effect. Concerns with the potential health effects of fume emissions during Flux Cored Arc Welding have prompted investigations of methods for reducing fumes accumulated in the manufacturing facility and the concentration of hazardous metals in the evolved fume.This abstract provides an overview of the importance of ergonomic assessment and risk reduction in the steel fabrication industry. Ergonomic assessment is essential in identifying and mitigating ergonomic hazards that workers in the steel fabrication industry face daily with the assumption of pull velocity of the industrial blower ventilation fan it is decided to eliminate the accumulated welding fumes generated. To reduce the health hazards of the workers in welding facility due to the exposure of the welding fumes also, to improve the well-being of the workers and to meet the legal compliance of the industry. The result of the data opens an opportunity for the change to improve welfare and productivity of an organization or company.

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 Keywords

Hazards, Hazard Assessment, Risk reduction in Steel fabrication industry

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In most of the manufacturing industries, welding is one of the major processes involved in the fabrication, but fumes from welding process may lead to adverse health effect. Concerns with the potential health effects of fume emissions during various welding processes have prompted investigations of methods for reducing fumes accumulated in the manufacturing facility and the concentration of hazardous metals in the evolved fume. It is decided to use a suitable Engineering control with the principle of push and pull with the help of fume hoods may to eliminate the accumulated welding fumes generated in the welding facility. To reduce the health hazards of the workers in welding facility due to the exposure of the welding fumes also, to improve the well-being of the workers and to meet the legal compliance of the industry.

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 Keywords

Welding, Welding Fumes, Fume Hoods, Health Effect.

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 Abstract

This paper aims to HAZARD IDENTIFICATION & RISK ASSESSMENT FOR MACHINE IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY the process of evaluating the risks to safety and health arising from hazards while working in machines, which forms an integral part of the Occupational Safety and Health Management System, whereby all hazards are identified and evaluated taking into consideration existing control measures. The exercise should be carried out by competent persons in the field. The aim is to eliminate or minimize risks at work through tightening of control measures. The risk assessment process may also identify the training needs of employees and contribute towards the building of a preventative safety and health culture. In this endeavour, the commitment of management, employees and competent persons are important in carrying out a proper risk assessment. Risk Assessment is an important tool in the creation of safe working conditions thereby increasing productivity and employees' morale while reducing injury, sick leaves, and labour turnover. It also aims at cost reduction as accidents and illnesses are costly to the injured/diseased person, the close family, the organization as well as the State. The objectives of this guideline are to assist employers and employees' representatives to have a better understanding and to put into application a uniform approach of Risk Assessment. Risk assessment is the determination of quantitative or qualitative value of risk related to a concrete situation and a recognized threat.

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Occupational Safety and Health Management

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The refractory industry plays a critical role in various high-temperature industrial processes. However, the nature of work in this industry often involves physically demanding tasks that can lead to ergonomic challenges and occupational health risks for workers. The Purpose of this paper is to assess and reduce or eliminate Ergonomic risks using ARECC framework. It provides an overview of the importance of ergonomic assessment and risk reduction in the refractory industry. Ergonomic assessment is essential in identifying and mitigating ergonomic hazards that workers in the refractory industry face daily. These hazards include heavy lifting, repetitive motions, awkward postures, and exposure to extreme temperatures, which can lead to musculoskeletal disorders, fatigue, and decreased productivity. Ergonomic assessments involve the systematic evaluation of workplace conditions, equipment design, and work processes to identify potential risks and areas for improvement. The findings recommend a necessary change to improve or even eliminate the ergonomic related issues. The result of the data opens an opportunity for the change to improve welfare and productivity of an organization or company.

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 Keywords

Ergonomics, Ergonomic Assessment, Risk score, Refractory industry, ARECC

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Safety plays an important role in human beings' life. Occupational health and safety become a vital part in every Industry. The background of this project is to condense the cause and effects in health and safety & environment. The main objective of this paper is to identify the hazards in pesticide manufacturing industry which may affect the employer and the environment. To assess the safety means, it needs to reduce the risk everywhere, so that Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA) can be done for working in a Effluent treatment plant in pesticides industry. To find the hazards means, then risk can be accessed from the hazards and then to analyse the severity rating for the hazards. Calculating the severity and probability of occurrence and suggesting the hazards are acceptable or not acceptable. By using the Chemical exposure level meter or quality analyse the organic and inorganic content present in all effluent stream from plant. We can evaluate the Hazard exposure limit while working Effluent treatment plant .These Chemical are hazardous to human health. So, we have to reduce and control the hazards by using Risk assessment. The project work focuses on using the HIRA technique on improvement of health and safety while working in Pesticide manufacturing industry.

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Effluent treatment plant, Pesticides manufacturing process, Minimum explosion concentration, Hazard identification and risk assessment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The beverage industry relies heavily on mechanized operations for its vast production needs, and ensuring the safety of the workforce in this environment is paramount. This paper delves into the critical aspect of hazard analysis within the beverage industry, particularly focusing on the machine-guarding devices integral to workplace safety. We conducted an extensive evaluation of the potential hazards and risks associated with the absence or malfunctioning of machine guards and analyzed the repercussions on employee safety and operational productivity. This study also scrutinized the existing safety regulations and standards associated with machine guarding devices. The research involved a detailed study of multiple beverage production units, including their machine types, guarding mechanisms, hazard potentials, and associated safety measures. Through our research, we devised a comprehensive model to optimize the safety protocols and minimize the risk hazards in the beverage industry. We anticipate that our findings will lead to significant enhancements in workplace safety and subsequently improve operational efficiency in the beverage industry.

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Beverage Industry, Machine Guarding Devices, Workplace Safety, Hazard Analysis, Operational Efficiency.

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This paper aims to evaluate the ergonomic hazards at shop floor level that affects the employees. Ergonomics in a manufacturing environment is an integral part of workplace safety. It is easy to overlook everyday actions that could lead to Musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs) in long term, cumulative disorders and injuries. Here the critical tasks that affects the employees are identified on the shop floor inspection by Ergonomic assessment questionnaire. Job Safety Analysis helps to breakdown the critical tasks into sequence of steps. Each steps are analyzed for hazards and recorded. Then they are evaluated by using Alstom Ergo checklist. Two activities are being considered for the ergonomic study that affects the employees- Spot welding and Equipment mounting. Assessment of both activities are carried out and improvement must be planned to control the effects caused by critical activities. This can be controlled by providing specific safety trainings, conduct campaigns on shop floor along with engineering controls in place.

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Ergonomics, Job safety analysis, Assessment, Ergo checklist

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Ergonomics is defined as study about the designing equipment and the devices that fits human body and its movements. It also studies the cognitive abilities of the humans. It is employed to fulfil the goals of the health and the productivity of the human. Allotted ergonomic design is a mandatory one as to prevent few cases like the repetitive works, strain injuries, and so on, that may lead to long-term disability. We are trying to improve their efficiency of an operation by taking into account of a person's size, strength, visual acuity and physiological stresses such as the fatigue, speed of decision making and the demands of memory & perception. In order, we are trying to enhance the human values in the field of health, process and safety environment. As we are focusing on MSD (Musculoskeletal Disorders), we are trying to lower down them by improving the awareness of the employees and the contract workmen through the training and various exercise programmes.

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 Keywords

Ergonomic Risk Assessment, REBA, Manufacturing Case Study

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The main objective of this project is to improve the suspension system and increase the monitoring or surveillance of the rover. In this project the suspension system is modified by using the arm and motor to control the suspension system. Here the rover can able to rotate 360 degree which is controlled by separate motor to rotate the wheel and it leads to rotate the entire rover 360 degree with precise space. This project will lead to use in different applications like Space, Military etc. Also this rover is used to surveillance the army place and attack the terrorist camp using the gun controlled to aim and attack the enemies. This project makes use of an extension arm to recover the rover when there is a stuck in the rover which is controlled to lift the entire rover to recover from slurry, mud etc. This project have future scope to use in applications in space and military to surveillance and improve the collaborative technique of the rover. This helps in reduce the some exploding accidents in the defense.

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Suspension System, Geared motors, Servo motors, Mobile application, Microcontroller

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Aging is a biological process and experienced by mankind in all times. It refers to a sequence of changes across a life span of an individual. Sleep is a state of reduced mental and physical activity in which consciousness is altered and sensory activity is inhibited to certain extent. Reflexology is one of the emerging techniques to reduce the stress. It mainly focuses on application of pressure on the certain points at specific places like fingers, toes on foot etc. it promotes relaxation in the body. Methodology: Quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design was used by using PSQI Scale. Settings and Design: A preexperimental design was adopted to fulfill the purpose of the study. The study was conducted at a selected Old Age Home in Dehradun. Results: Data was analyzed with both descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Paired 't' Test was used to analyses the effectiveness of intervention and Independent "t" test was Used to know the effectiveness of experimental group between pre-test and post-test. After giving foot reflexology, in experimental group there was an improvement in Quality of sleep among elderly people. The pre-test mean and standard deviation values are 7.13 and 1.682 respectively. The post-test mean and standard deviation values are4.43 and 1.566 respectively; mean difference between pre-test and post-test is 2.7; Paired 't' test value of group is 9.297 and two-tailed 'p' value is less than 0.05 which is Highly significant at p<0.05. Hence, it indicates that there is improvement in sleep Quality after giving foot reflexology among elderly people. Conclusions: Based on the study findings foot reflexology among elderly provide the statistical Evidence which indicates that foot reflexology can improve the quality of sleep and reduce the sleep disturbance.

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Quality of sleep, foot reflexology, Elderly people

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This article examines the current research on self-presentation in social media or social networking sites to guide future studies. Social media and social networking sites provide numerous opportunities for deliberate self-presentation. Based on established self-presentation theories, an analysis of research on self-presentation in social media or social networking sites identified three important context and audience variables that were incorporated into a model. Firstly, three aspects of social media - anonymity, persistence, and visibility - were explored, as studies have shown the moderating effects of these aspects on the relationship between self-presentation goal and the content shared in social media. For instance, it is expected that social media users are more likely to present their authentic selves under conditions of reduced anonymity, increased persistence, and greater visibility. Conversely, the freedom associated with more anonymous, less persistent, and less visible social media may lead to idealized self-presentation. The second finding highlighted the influence of externally generated content such as likes, comments, tags, and shares on social media users' self-presentation content, influenced by how they choose to manage such content. The third theme focused on the moderating effect of context collapse on the connection between goals and self-presentation content. The composition of an impression manager's audience varies across social media platforms, impacting and often complicating the achievement of self-presentation goals amidst merging networks of people. Social media users have adopted different strategies to navigate the complexities of context collapse in their pursuit of self-presentation. Despite the valuable insights gained from this body of literature, a more comprehensive theory of self-presentation in the hypermedia age is necessary to further advance this area of research.

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Social media / Social Network Sites, Self-presentation, Anonymity, Visibility, Persistence, Moderating,

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ABSTRACT Health and economy are the key features of our life. Livestock are the important part of our economy and therefore their health perspectives are equally important. Majority of farmer community deals with their traditional procedure for healing and treatment for their livestock. Such traditional procedures include ethnoveterinary knowledge. This paper deals some commonly used ethnoveterinary medicinal plants used by the farmer community to cure animal disease in Uttarkashi District of Garhwal Himalaya. Four villages, Gawana, Jaspur, Dharali and Purali were randomly selected for study. Ethnoveterinary information was gathered through individual interviews and personal observations among the farmer community. A total of 45 species of ethnoveterinary belongs to 32 families and 40 genera were recorded in the study with the help of ethnoveterinary traditional healers. During the survey, it was noted that these ethno veterinary plants used to treat various veterinary diseases such as basic first aid for food poison, indigestion, snake bite, bone fracture, anti-bacterial, antifungal activity over cuts and wounds, insect repellent, deworming in cattle, diarrhea, reproduction and increase cattle lactation. The information provided in this study would bring new insights on the development of environment friendly, effective medicines to control veterinary diseases in the future. In addition, this study may be highly useful to protect and conserve medicinal plants as well as traditional knowledge of farmers of Uttarkashi District of Garhwal Himalaya.

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Keywords: Ethnoveterinary, Medicinal

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In many regions experiencing economic growth worldwide, ancient communities still persist, engaging in activities such as food gathering, fishing, and agriculture. Tribes and mountain residents primarily sustain themselves through food collection, hunting, and fishing, exemplified by groups like Kerala's Kadar, Bihar's Kariya, and others. Dense forest inhabitants, including tribes like Naga, Bhil, Kuki, Gond, and Shantal, rely on hunting, with men often leaving to hunt while women tend to household chores.

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Economic, Social, Demographic, Growth etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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RP-HPLC, Method Development, hesperidin, diosmin, Column Etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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???? ????????, ??? ????????, ????????? ?????? ????????, ???????????, ????????

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Obesity is a persistent, complex multifactorial, and morbid disease characterized by excess adiposity, which is excess body fat that has a negative impact on health. Obesity is a global health concern with a significant increase in occurrence over the previous limited years. Obesity has a complex etiology that involves interactions between hormones, the environment, and genetics. The foremost reason for obesity is a persistent energy disproportion between ingested and depleted calories. Excess energy intake triggers lipocytes and fat cell overgrowth, and the creation of organ fat or intra-abdominal fat in non-adipose tissues, resulting in cardiovascular and liver diseases. The complications of obesity are very extensive. There are various problems linked to obesity are hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, atherosclerosis, hypertension, type-2 diabetes mellitus, hyperinsulinemia, cholelithiasis or gallstone, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, osteoarthritis, respiratory problems, obstructive sleep apnea, hypoventilation or pick-wickian syndrome, stroke, cancer, dementia, depression, gynaecologic problems, polycystic ovarian syndrome, skin problems, social-psychological problems, chronic kidney disease and urologic problems. Based on genetic involvement, obesity can be classified into 3 types that is syndromic obesity, monogenic obesity and polygenic obesity. The anti-obesity agents may be evaluated using the following techniques that are diet-induced obesity, seasonal obesity, exotic models of obesity, non-human primate models of obesity, virus-induced obesity, hypothalamic obesity, genetic obesity models, assays of anti-obesity activities, assays of obesity-regulating peptide hormones and other models of obesity and associated metabolic changes. There are various approaches for the management and treatment of obesity, that is lifestyle modifications, anti-obesity medicines, bariatric surgery and faecal microbiota transplantation. Lifestyle modification is still the backbone of managing obesity. Anti-obesity medicines are used when an individual whose body mass index is superior than 30 kilograms per meter squared, is not able to reduce weight by lifestyle modifications. Bariatric surgical procedure, also acknowledged as weight loss surgery, is used for people with a body mass index of more than 35 or 40 kilograms per meter squared, who have coexisting and are unable to reduce weight with lifestyle modifications and anti-obesity medicines. Transplantation of healthy human faecal microbiota microorganisms into obese patients may have an impact on weight loss and management by faecal microbiota transplantation method.

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obesity, adiposity, pick-wickian syndrome, body mass index, bariatric surgery and faecal microbiota transplantation.

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Couples with two careers seem to be making up a larger portion of the workforce. Because of social pressures and economic realities, working women's roles have evolved globally. As a result, professional women now face enormous pressure to pursue careers that are as robust as those of their male colleagues while continuing to be actively involved in their personal lives. The working couple is suffering from increased work pressure, which is reducing their personal time. In this day of information, the growing personal duties coupled with the benefits of modern technology--such as sophisticated cell phones and notepads--that enable seamless integration of work and personal life also lead to stress on both the personal and professional levels. Achieving work-life balance is therefore essential to a dual professional couple's ability to lead fulfilling lives. This research aims to investigate the difficult obstacles that a couple with two careers faces in juggling their personal and professional lives. This study has looked at the several work-life balance techniques influencing a dual career couple.

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Dual career, workforce, economic conditions and social demands

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This article focuses on general overview of Slavic mythological belief system with special emphasis on popular mythological characters and their relevance in Russian literature and culture. Slavic mythology as the ancient Slavs' idea of the world around them is one of the components of Russian cultural heritage. Like all ancient people, Slavic people, who lived in the forests, tried to understand how the world works and to comprehend their place in it. Till present days Russian culture is full of beliefs based on ancient Slavic belief system of pre-Christian era, especially folk mysticism. Since childhood all Russians know folk tales about such Slavic mythological characters as Baba Yaga and Koschei Bessmertny. Every person of Estern Slavic origion is aware that water is abode of water spirits i.e. rusalki and vodyanoi and before entering a forest it is better to please a forest spirit Leshy. And all Slavic people are united by glorifying the initial ancient Slavic God Rod with the words Slava Rodu! The features of Slavic mythology are reflected not only in public life and traditional beliefs, but also in literature. Mythological subjects and images occupy a significant place not only in the oral folk tradition, but also in the works of Russian writers and poets at different historical stages of the development of literature. This article is the analysis of the origin of Russian traditional beliefs with the empasis on Slavic mythological characters and their relevance in Russian literature, culture and festivals.The author uses such research methods as theoretical analysis of academic literature, linguistic and cultural analysis of Slavic mythology.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Slavic mythology, folk mysticism, Russian folklore, Slavic beliefs, Russian literature, traditional Russian tales, Baba Yaga, Leshy, Rusalka

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The early and accurate detection of plant diseases is crucial for ensuring agricultural productivity and food security. Traditional methods of disease detection are often labor-intensive, time-consuming, and prone to human error. In recent years, machine learning (ML) has emerged as a powerful tool to enhance the precision and efficiency of plant disease detection. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the application of machine learning techniques in identifying plant diseases. We explore various ML algorithms, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), support vector machines (SVMs), and random forests, and their roles in analyzing complex plant disease patterns from diverse data sources such as images, spectral data, and environmental factors. The integration of ML with advanced imaging technologies and the Internet of Things (IoT) enables real-time monitoring and rapid diagnosis, significantly improving response times and reducing crop losses. We discuss the challenges associated with implementing ML solutions in agricultural settings, such as data acquisition, model training, and scalability. Additionally, we highlight case studies and recent advancements that demonstrate the effectiveness of ML in disease detection across different types of crops. Our findings underscore the potential of machine learning to revolutionize plant disease management, paving the way for more resilient and sustainable agricultural practices.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Plant disease detection, machine learning, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), support vector machines (SVMs), random forests, agricultural technology, real-time monitoring, IoT, precision agriculture, crop management.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition