Volume 11 | Issue 7

 Abstract

The main objective of these study is to evaluate and formulate herbal shampoo. Shampoo are one of the cosmetic products used in daily life. Synthetic preservatives and detergents have sometimes been the cause of adverse effects among consumers. A more radical approach in reducing the synthetic ingredients is by incorporating natural extract whose functionality is comparable with their synthetic ingredients. The ingredients used in formulation are rice water (prepared by homemade method), extract of Murraya koenigii leaves and Aegle marmelos fruit Sapindus mukorossi is used as foaming agent, then prepared decoction of these ingredients and mixing with each other and evaluated for its organoleptic and physio-chemical characteristics. Additional benefits are expected, e.g., conditioning, smoothing of the hair surface, good health of hair, i.e., hair free of dandruff, dirt, grease and cleansing of hair and scalp. The combination of several such ingredient of herbal origin has made it possible to secure highly effective dry powder shampoo. The formulation at laboratory scale was done and evaluated for number of parameters to ensure its safety and efficacy.

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Herbal shampoo, Curry leaves, Bael fruit, Reetha, Rice water.

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The Mughal art is a combination oi the Indo-Persian style which developed in India. It was influenced liberally by the existing Indian Rajput school. The Mughal school was found by Akbar under whom it developed into a class of its own. It was essentially a product of the Mughal court.

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Mughal Art, Akbar, Painting, Indo-persian, Mughal school

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We present the numerical solution of the Fredholm Integral Equations by using the analytic method (Adomian Decomposition Method). To illustrate the exactness and efficiency of the proposed method (ADM), some numerical examples have been performed. A Fredholm integral equations is solved by ADM which gives us the approximate solution of the problem that tends to the exact solution of the problem.

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Adomian Decomposition Method, Equations,Fredholm Integral Equations

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The Smart Voting System is highly secured and involves verification of voters at 2 levels. It illustrates the hardware and software aspects of the project. The voting machine will be able to take in finger prints and eye image as inputs and will recognize it using the trained model. The vote cast by recognized inputs becomes a valid vote and the unrecognized input becomes an invalid vote. Such a system of two step verification makes voting process transparent. Here we are considering 3 nominated candidates. 4 to 50 people can vote. Candidates should get enrolled before Voting. During election authorized Voters are allowed vote, unauthorized candidate are not allowed.

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Detection, Recognition, Haar Cascade.

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Youth participation habits change constantly. Effort to keep us with new form of political participation is seen in international organization, national government and the academic community. How do young people themselves regarding their participation in these new forms. One alternative form of political participation is youth organization. Youth participation has never been as high on the agenda as it is today. Amongst national states civic organization and companies, one finds initiatives in involving youth for decision making processes in building projects or to tackle challenging issues. This isn't that surprising. Developed democracies and increasingly met with demands or better democracy while less democratized countries are faced with an increasing youth population during a time where technological innovations and globalism constantly challenges the condition for the future democracies it is more than the relevant to focus on young people, the citizen of tomorrow.

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 Keywords

Youth leadership, social changes, organization, innovation, skill development.

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 Abstract

"Education is the passport to the future, for tomorrow belongs to those who prepare for it today." --Malcolm X. Since independence, the Government of India has been putting numerous efforts into educating the workforce of the country keeping the above thought in mind. The policymakers of India had a belief that by educating the large workforce of the country, they not only can solve the problems of poverty and unemployment but also can reap demographic dividend on time, as it has been witnessed that there exist positive returns on education. But the speedy development of not only India but the whole world was shaken by the upcoming of covid-19 pandemic majorly from the beginning of the year 2020 till the end of 2021. This pandemic laid off many and others faced cutoffs in their salaries. Some businesses had to be shut down while others flourished, especially those involved in health and pharmaceuticals related activities.

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Education, unemployment, covid-19, employability

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In the recent era humans have become increasingly dependent on the internet for all of their needs as technology improves as an internet facility like social networking, online shopping, data storage, gaming, online schooling, and online jobs are all examples of online activities. But in the other hands the crimes also increased in relation to technology like Cyber Crime, Cyber Crime is distinct from any other type of crime that occurs in society, which does not have territorial boundary it includes phishing, Credit card frauds, bank robbery, illegal downloading, industrial espionage, child pornography, cyber terrorism etc. For this on International as well as National level they formed different types of law for protecting the Cyber Crimes. However, in India There are a lot of statutes and regulations enacted by various authorities that penalize cybercrime. The Indian Penal Code, 1860 and the Information Technology Act, 2000 both laws are penalizing a variety of cybercrimes and unsurprisingly, many clauses in the IPC and the IT Act overlap. This Research paper will focus on analysis of the various types of Cyber Crime and Legislative framework towards cybercrime in India with the help of Judicial decisions.

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Cyber Crime, Types of Cyber Crime, Information Technology, Indian Penal Code, Judicial Decision.

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This research delves into the potential of geopolymer concrete as an environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional concrete. By utilizing fly ash, an industrial byproduct, as a partial replacement for cement, this innovative approach significantly reduces carbon emissions and contributes to waste reduction. The study primarily focuses on optimizing the mix design, carefully considering factors such as the proportion of fly ash, water content, and aggregate grading to achieve optimal performance. Compressive strength tests are conducted to compare the performance of geopolymer concrete with that of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) concrete at various time intervals. The results indicate that geopolymer concrete exhibits higher early strength, showcasing its potential for early application and rapid setting. This characteristic can be advantageous in time-sensitive projects. Additionally, the research investigates the use of geopolymer concrete for paver blocks in low-traffic areas. The findings reveal that geopolymer concrete paver blocks display remarkable durability and cost-effectiveness in such scenarios. The enhanced durability of geopolymer concrete, when compared to OPC concrete, makes it a promising material for long-lasting infrastructure applications. Overall, this study highlights the viability of geopolymer concrete as a sustainable and high-performance alternative to conventional concrete, with its potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, effectively utilize industrial waste, and offer superior mechanical properties for specific applications such as paver blocks.

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Geoploymer, Fly Ash, Concrete

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 Abstract

Optical Multi-plug is a several ports hardware architecture that is able to establish point-to-point and multipoint optical networks to enhance transmission capabilities which have possible by combining the operation of components are the "Opto-mechanical arrangement", "color glass filter" and "single color sensor" each of all work in conjunction with each other. Wherein they worked in such a manner that when the incoming ray of light had fallen in "Opto-mechanical arrangement" at that time "Opto-mechanical arrangement" sequentially transmit that to each of the output ports where that communicated with the "color glass filter" for mixing (filtration) and after filtering that ray moved toward the "single color sensor" and that sensor had detected different "color of light" in different intervals of time sequentially and let pass through the channel, and at during operation both "Opto-mechanical arrangement" and "single color sensor" worked in the synchronization as in time divisional manner due to which transmission of signals occurred sequentially. thus, the architecture had capable to provide sequential transmission of signals and signals were able to utilize the complete channel in particular intervals therefore interference and distortion not occurred additionally architecture is less complex as compared to previous devices. finally, the optical multi-plug establishes the interference-less, distortion-less, fast-transmission, larger channel capacity, and less complicated system.

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Opto-mechanical arrangement, color sensor, color glass filter, Hardware architecture

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The discharge of contaminant effluents from industries and municipalities into water bodies has led to serious environmental stress, raising concerns about human health, environmental sustainability, and conservation. Industrial effluents carry harmful chemicals and heavy metals, such as Pb, Ni, Cr, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co, and Cu, posing a significant threat to life. This research focuses on assessing the physico-chemical parameters and heavy metal contamination in a petroleum refinery effluent. Four agricultural waste precursors - coconut shell, corn cob, rice husk, and sugarcane bagasse - were employed as activated carbon for the remediation process. The study evaluated the removal efficiency of physico-chemical parameters, including alkalinity, pH, acidity, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), and turbidity. Additionally, heavy metals such as chromium, cadmium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc were investigated. The findings revealed significant removal efficiencies for the physico-chemical parameters using the different activated carbon precursors. Coconut shell activated carbon demonstrated removal percentages of 43% for BOD, 90% for COD, and 79% for turbidity. Similarly, corn cob activated carbon exhibited removal efficiencies of 59%, 90%, and 85% for BOD, COD, and turbidity, respectively. Rice husk and sugarcane bagasse activated carbons recorded removal percentages ranging from 80% to 93% for BOD, COD, and turbidity. This research underscores the potential of utilizing agricultural waste precursors as activated carbon for effective remediation of petroleum refinery effluent. The findings contribute valuable insights to the development of sustainable and eco-friendly approaches to address water pollution. However, further optimization and exploration of different effluents and contaminants are necessary to unlock the full potential of these agricultural waste-derived activated carbons for broader environmental applications.

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Refinary, physico chemical, agriculture waste

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 Abstract

The Pharmaceutical formulation is employed to propagate pharmaceutical drug compound in the body to obtain the therapeutic effect at a predetermined rate depending on pharmacological aspects, drug profile, and physiological conditions can be referred to as a novel drug delivery system. Due to the sensitive anatomy and physiology of the eye pharmacologist find the ocular delivery system to be more complicated than other routes. Pre-corneal, static and dynamic is the 3 types of ophthalmic barriers, which along with the inflow and outflow of lacrimal fluids, nasolacrimal drainage, are some of the prime factors that affect bioavailability. Unlike conventional dosage forms, where the distribution of drugs in non-targeted body fluids and tissues transcends the quantity of required drug in targeted tissues and causes repercussions, these modified drug delivery systems overcome the ocular barriers and adverse reactions, emphasizing on less invasive, prolonged action. It also promotes sustained release formulation that subjugates the drug loss or degradation to treat many ocular diseases effectively. The current review focus on the fundamentals of discosomes, a type of vesicular drug delivery system that acts as a vehicle for the drug delivery of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Discosomes are giant, disc-shaped structures modified from niosomes by arresting the vesicles at the discosome phase. Due to their peculiar size, it offers all due benefits compared to other ocular drug delivery systems. From the review, it can be concluded that discosomes are a key subject of opportunities in the domain of safe and effective ocular drug delivery.

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Discosomes, Disc-shaped, Vesicular, Ophthalmic

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ABSTRACT Colon-targeted drug delivery systems have gained significant attention as a promising approach to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of drugs for the treatment of various gastrointestinal disorders. These systems aim to deliver drugs specifically to the colon, thereby improving drug localization, reducing systemic side effects, and increasing patient compliance. Although the oral route is thought to be the most preferred method for administering drugs with a systemic effect, it is not recommended for administering drugs for lower gastrointestinal (GI) diseases because these medications release at the upper GI tract (stomach, small intestine), which further reduces their accessibility at the lower GI tract. The review begins by discussing the physiological considerations of the colon, including its anatomy, pH,enzymes, and transit time, which influence drug delivery to this region. Various approaches for colontargeting are then presented, including pH-dependent systems, time-dependent systems, microbially triggered systems, prodrug approach to drug delivery to colon. It also consists of novel approaches of colon targeted drug delivery such as pressure Controlled drug delivery system, Osmotic controlled drug delivery (OROS-CT),CODES technology, Port System, Pulsin Cap system ,Microspheres and Mucoadhesive approach. Moreover, the applications of colon-targeted drug delivery systems in the treatment of various diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, and irritable bowel syndrome, are explored.

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Key words: Colon-targeted drug delivery systems, upper GI tract, Novel approaches, OROS-CT, CODES, inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer

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 Abstract

The real-time ECG (Electrocardiogram) and saline level monitoring system using Node MCU is an advanced technology that enables remote monitoring of a patient's ECG and saline level. This system is designed to provide real-time monitoring of a patient's health condition, making it possible to quickly detect any abnormalities and take appropriate action. The system is based on the Node MCU development board, which is an open-source platform that provides Wi-Fi connectivity and a microcontroller unit. The system consists of two main components: the ECG monitoring unit and the saline level monitoring unit. The ECG monitoring unit is designed to continuously monitor a patient's heart rate and ECG waveform using electrodes attached to the patient's body. The signal from the electrodes is transmitted to the Node MCU, which then sends the data to a remote server for analysis and storage. The saline level monitoring unit is designed to monitor the level of saline in a patient's IV bag. This is important because a low saline level can lead to dehydration, which can be life-threatening. The saline level monitoring unit uses a pressure sensor to measure the level of saline in the bag. The data is then transmitted to the Node MCU, which sends it to the remote server for analysis and storage. The system can be accessed remotely using a smartphone or computer, allowing doctors and nurses to monitor a patient's health condition from anywhere in the world. This makes it possible to provide timely care and treatment, even if the patient is located in a remote area.

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ESP8266, IR sensor, AD8232, NODE MCU

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Abstract: Different dosage forms are used in various ways, and they are administered in various ways. However, due to patient compliance, oral administration is the most favored method. Today's systems for oral controlled release are meant to offer a number of benefits, such as increased patient compliance, therapeutic efficacy, and safety. One of the crucial elements that has a negative impact on the effectiveness of these medications when given orally using a controlled drug delivery system is the gastric retention period. The main difficulty in creating an oral controlled release medication delivery system is to extend the time the dose form remains in the gastrointestinal tract in addition to maintaining the drug release. This will promote total medication release at the chosen site and time, resulting in maximal absorption and enhanced bioavailability. The goal of this review is to provide comprehensive information on gastroretentive drug delivery systems (GRDDS), including the GI tract's function and methods, factors influencing gastric retention time, dosage form classification, and advantages and disadvantages.

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Keywords:Gastroretantive, Oral drug delivery,Floating drug delivery system, Effervescent,High density, Bioadhesive Systems.

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 Abstract

In the title compound, C17H15N2OPS, the six membered 1,3-diazaphosphinane ring adopts an envelope conformation with the phosphorus atom at the flap position, as shown in fig.2. The mean planes of the phenyl ring to which methoxy group is attached and the phosphaphenalene form a dihedral angle of 86.6(4)?. In the crystal, the molecules are linked by weak N-H...O intermolecular hydrogen-bond interactions. In addition, weak C-H...? intermolecular interactions involving the benzene rings at positions 6 and 2 of molecule.

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single-crystal X-ray study; phosphaphenalene; sulfide; T = 150 K; mean (C-C) = 0.003 A?; R factor = 0.036; wR factor = 0.1056; data-to-parameter ratio = 13.9.

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Abstract The purpose of this study was to find out the comparative analysis of selected physical fitness variables among government aided and private school Hockey players. To achieve the purpose of the study 80 school boys Hockey players were selected static group comparison design was used as subjects from the government aided and private schools in Thoothukudi District, Tamilnadu, India during the academic year 2022- 2023. The age of subjects were ranged from 16 to 17 years. All the subjects were measured on selected physical fitness variables such as agility (Arrow-headed Agility Test), cardio vascular endurance (12 minutes coopers run/walk test) and speed (60 M dash) were used to collect relevant data on the selected independent variables. The collected data from the subjects were statistically analyzed by using the statistical technique of independent't' test.. In all the cases 0.05 level of confidence was fixed as a level of confidence to test the hypotheses. It was concluded that there was a significant difference between the criterion variables.

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Key words: Physical Fitness, Hockey, agility, cardio vascular endurance, speed.

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The family Apiaceae occupies a prominent part in the angiosperms as it represents genus diversity rich in aromatic and medicinal properties. Trachyspermum, a genus included, is grown in parts of Asia much valued for its spicy seeds, both medicinally as well as in culinary. The genus has 25 or more species distributed in the temperate regions. Trachspermum roxburghianum (DC) Craib plant under study, can be propagated only through seeds and germination to produce healthy seedlings is season dependent. Attempts to produce plantlets irrespective of season achieved through tissue culture and the variants developed from several explants, exhibited in vitro flowering also.

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IBA, IAA, in vitro flowering, callus

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 Abstract

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A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SELECTED ANTHROPOMETRIC VARIABLES AND PHYSICAL FITNESS VARIABLES WITH THE JUDO SPECIAL FITNESS TEST PERFORMANCE OF JUDOKAS

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The Ministry of Finance has clearly indicated that preparation of Gram Panchayat plans (GPDP) at the panchayat level by the people is very essential. Planning at village panchayat will be possible through assured availability of grants under Fourteenth Finance Commission (FFC). Data and information gathered through effective situation analysis process will help the gram panchayat to prepare their GPDP which is more participative and need based. The three days planning process in gram panchayat aims at creating awareness as well assisting the gram panchayats to prepare development plans through people's participation. This will help to understand the gaps in the overall development of the village and will able to prioritize the issues and problems existing in the village. These problems will be in the area of human, social and economic development. The research paper attempts to brief on the situation analysis process conducted in panchayats for GPDP preparation in talukas of South Goa District, Goa.

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FFC, GPDP, people's participation, development works, projects / proposals, sector visits.

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Innovation in education and the expansion and influence of information communication technology has provided students with many windows for self-learning. The new theories of learning, the constructivist approach, and the theory of individual difference emphasize that students should be helped to learn based on their ability, pace, and interest and to build their knowledge based on their experiences and the teacher should help the students achieve their objectives by creating an active learning environment. In such a situation, it becomes important for the teacher to be a facilitator instead of a knowledge provider. In the changing educational scenario in the twenty-first century, the teacher needs to be more skilled, for this innovation in teacher education and teacher training must be welcomed by ensuring their proper place So that the necessary skills can be developed in the future teachers. Therefore, future teachers must be trained as facilitators.

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Constructivist Approach, Facilitation Skills, Facilitator, Teacher Training, Interpersonal communication skill, Organizational Skill

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