Volume 12 | Issue 7

 Abstract

This research examined the acquisition of translation competence through cognitive and metacognitive strategies of Iraqi EFL students. The participants of the research were Iraqi 100 EFL students from university of MosulIraq - department of translation. The main findings indicated significant improvements in students' use of these strategies in their translation competence in terms of accuracy, fluency, and competence. The research was guided by the following questions: 1: What are the effects of acquisition of cognitive strategies on the translation competence of Iraqi EFL students? 2: How do cognitive strategies impact the retention of English vocabulary and grammar among translation students? 3: To what extent does the acquisition cognitive strategies influences students' motivation and engagement in translation studies?The results also revealed that cognitive strategies can enhance translation skills effectively. Moreover, The findings revealed that there were statistically significant differences between the experimental group and control group at posttests in favor of the experimental group. The experimental group learners in translation in the posttest have remarkably increased indicating the positive acquisition of translation competence through cognitive strategies. In light of the findings obtained, a number of recommendations and some suggestions for further studies are provided.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: acquisition , cognitive strategies, translation, competence

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The implementation of the Uniform Civil Code in India is one of the important agendas of the Government of India. Recently Uttarakhand has become the first state in India to implement the Uniform Civil Code. Uniform Civil Code means a Common Civil Code for all the religions dealing with Marriage, Divorce, Inheritance and Adoption. It is one of the Directive Principles of State Policy1 enshrined in Part IV of the Constitution of India. Article 44 of the Constitution of India specifically deals with the concept of Uniform Civil Code. It states that the State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a Uniform Civil Code throughout the territory of India. It is one of the matters listed in the Concurrent List2 which empowers both the Central Government and the State Governments to make the laws for its implementation. Presently all the religions have their respective personal laws. For example, the Hindus have their respective Hindu Laws like the Hindu Marriage Act, Hindu Succession Act, Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act and The Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act. On the other hand the Muslims have respective Muslims Laws like the Shariat Act, 1937 and the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019 to name a few. Christians and Parsis have their respective Personal Laws. Utttarakhand has become the first state in India to implement the Uniform Civil Code in exercise of the power mentioned under Article 44 of the Constitution of India. Legislative Assembly of Uttarakhand has enacted Uniform Civil Code. On February 7, 2024, the Legislative Assembly of the State of Uttarkhand in India passed the Uniform Civil Code (UCC) Bill. On March 13, the bill was granted assent by the President of India Droupadi Murmu.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Uniform Civil Code, Uttarakhand, Concurrent List, Personal Laws, First State

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

To evaluate analgesic activity of a polyherbal formulation-PHF [hydro- alcoholic extract of Hibacus rose-amensts (50mg), Funnel seeds (50mg) Prosopir cinerario (Sung), & Fleus racemosa (Sting)] compare it with Diclofenac Na hy using writhing test inmale or female mice were divided into four groups of 6 each for both tests. PHF (250, 300 mg/kg, po body weight) and Diclofenac Na 150 mg/kg po.) Made as suspensions prepared in 15% carboxy methyl cellulose (control) and fed to rats orally. The physicochemical evaluations carried out in terms of loss un drying, ash value, extractive values and acid insoluble ash value etc. Qualitative analysts of various phytochemical constituents were determined by the well-known test protocol available in the literature. Phytochemical analysis revealed th the presences of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids. Analgesic activity was assessed by counting the number of writhes induced by 0.7% acetic acid (10 ml/kg) in the 30 min. Number of writhing and percentage protection against writhing was evaluated. The results indicated that the poly-herbal formulation possesses good analgesic activity in the experimental animal models.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Analgesic activity, Physicochemical evaluations, Phytochemical analysis, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Fennel seeds, Prosopis cineraria, Ficus racemosa

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

EVALUATING THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF GREEN PATENTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

One popular anticancer medication is paclitaxel having a distinct mode of action. That's thought as among the most effective naturally occurring anti-cancer medications accessible. The article describes current developments in our knowledge of paclitaxel's genesis, anticancer activity, and production process. In light of the development of nanotechnology improvement in the innovative medication treatment. Recently paclitaxel assumes a significant role in the broad-spectrum cancer treatment.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Paclitaxel, Nanotechnology, Nanomedicine

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Effectiveness, Assertiveness training, Academic stress, School students.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The present study describes the results of testing flat ferrocement panels reinforced with different number of wire mesh layer and variation in panel thickness. The main objective of these experimental tests is to study the effect of using different numbers of wire mesh layers and thickness variation on the flexural strength of flat ferrocement panels and to compare the effect of varying the number of wire mesh layers on the ductility and the ultimate strength of this type of ferrocement structure. The no of layers used are one two, three and four Slab panels of size (500*200) with thickness 20,30,40,50 mm are reinforced with expanded metal mesh with varying no of layers of mesh. Panels were casted with mortar of mix proportion (1:1.75) and water cement ratio (0.38) including super plasticizer (Perma PC-202) with dosage of 1% of total weight of cement In this study, all the specimens were divided into four groups to investigate the strength and behavior of ferrocement flat panels subjected to two-point loading. eight forty ferrocement elements were constructed and tested. The used number of wire mesh layers is single, two, three and four layers; also thicknesses of panels are 20mm,30mm,40mm and 50 mm. . Test result shows that panels with more no of layers exhibits greater flexural strength and less deflection as that compared with panels having less no of layers of mesh.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Ferrocement; Expanded Wire Mesh, effect, Flexural Strength,Ultimate Strength, Layers, panel.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Shikakai shampoo tablets are novel from of herbal hair care product. That are ecofriendly easy to use. Formulation is done by using natural ingredients like alovera gel, shikakai, fenugreek powder, it was prepared by direct compression method. And result showed satisfactory physical properties, good foaming and cleansing ability. They are made for applying on scalp by mixing it in water for diluting the concentric shampoo. It will help the scalp to become strong and free from dandruff and other dirt. Less dandruff will make hair growth faster with strong hairs. With no side effects such as hair fall, thinning of hairs.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

shampoo tablet, shikakai, hairfall solution.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Rapid industrialization, urban growth, and increasing global population have amplified waste pollution and environmental harm. Proper waste sorting remains a widespread challenge from homes to disposal sites. This research proposes a solution using deep learning algorithms--specifically YOLOv4 and YOLOv4-tiny with Darknet-53--for object detection. The dataset includes 3870 images categorized into glass, metal, paper, and plastic. Testing involved images, videos, and webcam inputs. Hyperparameter experiments on YOLOv4-tiny included subdivision values and mosaic data augmentation. Results show YOLOv4 outperforms YOLOv4-tiny in detection accuracy (mAP 89.59%, precision 0.76, recall 0.90, F1-score 0.82, Avg IoU 64.01%), despite YOLOv4-tiny being faster computationally. Optimizing with smaller subdivisions and mosaic augmentation enhances model performance.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

YOLOv4, YOLOv4-tiny , Garbage

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Basic life support (BLS) is the foundation for saving lives after cardiac arrest. Basic life support (BLS) with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) provided at the right time greatly improves survival following cardiac arrest.. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of simulation based training programme on knowledge and practice regarding basic life support among undergraduate nursing students at nursing college Indore, M.P. Methods and material : A quantitative research approach with a pre-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design was used for the study. The setting of the study was Index nursing college Indore Madhya Pradesh. By using the non-probability purposive sampling technique 60 undergraduate nursing students were selected. A self-structured questionnaire was used to assess the demographic data and knowledge and practice was observed by checklist regarding basic life support which was prepared based on American Heart Association Guidelines for BLS. Result: In the pretest, 35 (58.3%) participants had obtained poor knowledge grade; 20 (33.3%) had obtained average knowledge grade; 5(8.3%) had obtained good knowledge grade; and non of the participant had obtained excellent knowledge grade. In the posttest, none of the participants had obtained poor knowledge grade; 8 (13.3%) had obtained average knowledge grade; 25(41.6%) had obtained good knowledge grade; and 27 (45%) had obtained excellent knowledge grade. The intervention was helpful in improving the knowledge grade of the participants. In the pretest, 33 (55%) participants had obtained Inadequate practice score; 22 (36.66%) had obtained moderately adequate; and 5(8.33%) participant had obtained adequate score. In the posttest, none of the participants had obtained inadequate score; 12(20%) had obtained moderately adequate score; and 48 (80%) had obtained adequate score. The intervention was helpful in improving the practical skill of the participants. The statistically significant association was found between area of maximum experience, previous experience on BLS and the pretest knowledge grades (P>0.05). The statistically significant association was found between area of maximum experience, previous experience on BLS and the pretest knowledge grades (P>0.05).

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Basic life support (BLS), Training, Knowledge, Practice, Nursing Students

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In this research, various handicraft items are prepared by the men and women of Kutch, a region in Gujarat, India. These unique and attractive handicrafts are exclusive to Kutch and are renowned worldwide. The men and women create these diverse items while residing in their homeland. This research provides detailed information about each item. These handicrafts can be purchased directly from the place of their origin or through various global online shopping websites.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Handy Craft, block-printing, Bandhni tie and dye, kachchhi work

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Rifampicin, Co-crystals, Salicyclic acid, Solvent drop Grinding, Solvent Evaporation, etc.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

mahaatma gaandhee ke vichaaron ki vartamaan praasangikata ka aadhaar aur bhaarat ke badhate prabhaav ke sandarbh mein

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

mahaatma gaandhee ke vichaaron ki vartamaan praasangikata ka aadhaar aur bhaarat ke badhate prabhaav ke sandarbh mein

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Fostering equity is one of the main goals of inclusive schooling. Effective implementation of Inclusive education requires cooperation between special and regular teachers. However, little is known about the relationship between the leadership of a school, the provision of structures for collaboration, and the implementation of IEP in an inclusive context. The article remans a humble attempt at exploring to what extent leadership is connected to the provision of structures for collaboration and implementation of Inclusive education directly and indirectly.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

inclusion, education, collaboration, leadership style, correlation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Attention deficit /hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) manifests in childhood with symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity and /or inattention. It is most widespread neurobehavioral disorder as well as non -psychiatric disorders in children, one of the most common chronic illness affecting school -aged children and most thoroughly researched neurodevelopment disorder in children. According to DSM-5, Attention-Deficit /Hyperactivity Disorder is characterized by persistent pattern of inattention or hyperactivity/impulsivity. Academic, cognitive, behavioural, emotional, and social functioning of the child are also affected. Though ADHD is not directly mentioned in classics but description of abnormal behaviour though are found scattered in our text like: Anavasthita Chittatva, Mano vibhrama, Buddhivibhrama, Smirtivibhrama, Sheelavibhrama, Chestavibhrama, these can be closely resemble some of clinical features and associated features of ADHD. ADHD can be manifested as a Vata -Pitta predominant disorder. In this Manovahasrotodusti occur and develops derangement of all activities of Manas (mind), Buddhi (intellect), Ahankara (ego) and Indriyas (sense organs). According to Ayurveda the main reason to ADHD is vitiation of Dhi (rational thinking), Dhriti (intellect / retaining power of the mind) and Smriti (memory) which causes abnormality and abnormal conduct resulting into improper contact of the senses with their objective and give rise to inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Manovahasrotodusti, Anavasthita Chittatva, Manovibhrama, Buddhivibhrama, Smirtivibhrama, Sheelavibhrama, Chestavibhrama,

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

After Covid-19 pandemic the world shortly is sub-divided into two major phases, viz. pre and post-Covid era. The impact of this pandemic had, not just on the lives of people, but also on the economies across the globe and India is not an exception to this. The economy also tumbled of lockdown with thousands of people losing their jobs and struggling for a daily income. Hence, the challenges of the post-Covid era affect to the majority of people in India in lack of income, job loss, economic turmoil, etc. The study find out that despite the above challenges posed by the pandemic, a lot of opportunities are embedded for real human and economic development of India. This paper through secondary research methodology attempts to understand the impact of the post Covid-19 pandemic on Indian economy and the opportunities and challenges caused by the pandemic to entire economy. The study suggests to rise the basic income of the people of our country, Government needs to establish more and more formal and informal sectors to foster job opportunities, use of more digital weapons in every sphere of life, improvement of health, education and IT sector services to enhance foreign earnings and proper management of financial institutions to foster the growth of the economy and rise the standard of living of people of our country in future after incorporation of post pandemic challenges throughout the globe.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Post Covid-19 Pandemic, Economic and Social Effects, Opportunities and Challenges, IMF World Economic Outlook Projections and Policies and Programs to be framed by India Government.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

???????? ???????? ????????????? ????????????????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?????????? ??????????????? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? 69 ????? ?????????????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? 31 ????? ?????????????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

???????? ????? - ???????

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Caesalpinia crista L. ( Caesalpiniaceae ) is a medicinally use plant . It is mainly grows on river banks in tidal forest . Caesalpinia crista contains Alkaloids, Saponins, Flavonoids, Triterpenoids, etc. These constituents mainly presents in roots, stem, leaves and seeds of the plant . Their various pharmacological activities are Anthelmintic, Anti - tumour, Anti - oxidant, Analgesic activity, Anti - inflammation . There active Biological constituents are bonducin and natin . The oil from seeds is used to soften the skin and remove pimples . The present review is gives survey of literature of this Caesalpinia crista L. which contains various medicinal properties and traditional uses .

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Phytochemical , Caesalpinia crista , nootropic , Analgesic .

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract George Joseph implemented all freedom struggle movements initiated by Mahatma Gandhiji in Madurai. George Joseph, one of the unpopular freedom fighters (1837-1938), during the first quarter of the 20th century, played an indispensable part in moulding the policies of Indian National Congress and extending the Indian freedom struggle to the most southern parts of India based in the city of Madurai. He had his first meeting with Gandhiji in 1919. This meeting took place in Madras, on the Marina beach Gandhiji was on his tour to provide propagation for his civil disobedience movement and also to exhort the people to observe a hartal on 6th April 1919 and protest against the Rowlett Act. George Joseph was one among the people who were invited to meet Gandhiji. This meeting had a deep impact on the life of George Joseph. George Joseph drew much inspiration from Gandhiji during his meeting with him. This meeting brought out crucial changes in the life of the western educated Barrister George Joseph. Gandhiji had a good relationship and they were in contact through letters often and personal visit sometimes. Though there were some ideological clashes between them, causing George to leave the Congress for some time, he ensured to return back and continue participating in the Indian freedom struggle. The objective of this paper is to bring out the personal and political relationship between Gandhi and George Joseph during freedom movement.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Nationalism, Freedom Struggle, Movement, Relationship, Khadi Issue

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The human race is considered by nature to be the best living organism in the world, and human society is born on the basis of the basic life of this human race. An integral part of this human society is the culture, which is the source of inspiration for the daily life of every human race. This culture promotes the inherent ideology of humanity in the development of civilization. Individuals living in apartheid communities each have their own cultures and these cultures are based on regional, religious and social festivals. In eastern India there are many different types of tribal groups are living. From the earliest time of creation to the present period, each of these tribes has continued to develop their civilization and culture which constantly involved in their own thinking. Toto is one of the rarest tribes of the Mongolian community. Based on the ethnographic and sociological data it is known that, these tribes are considered the smallest and most recently discovered tribe in the world. The people belonging to the Toto tribe live in a small area in the village called Totopara, in the Madarihat block of Alipurduar district, in the Indian state of West Bengal; Located at the foot hills Himalayas. This small region is the most populated village lies between the south border of Bhutan and northern part West Bengal. Basically these tribes are filled with huge cultural treasures which are intimately connected with their daily living. Generally this culture is completely surrounded by their festivals. Various dance-songs have been emerged in toto society, focusing on social customs and festivals such as birth,marriage, social background, livelihood, worship, etc. this cultural activity evolved from the very beginning of creation as a container and carrier in Toto society. As, this people lives in a relatively isolated place from human society, they have incorporated dance and song in their everyday activities in their own way. Omchu and Nayangu are among the religious festivals of the Toto community. The festival is usually held in July-August. According of their tradition, through almost a month men and women celebrate the festivities with their traditional food, drink and various dance-songs. Individuals living in different societies have their own cultures, which is changing and also evolving from generation to generation after generation. Similarly, the youth generation of Toto society is constantly trying to establish their cultural wealth in the court of the world. The main theme and purpose of this article is to comparative discussion of the current generations cultural with the older generations. And the evolution of the cultural ideology of these tribal groups in the 20th to the 21st century through proper additions and refinements.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Tribe, Culture, Festival, Dance, Music

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition